See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

BARON See also:

• MARQUIS

MARQUIS DE COURTANVAUX GILLES DE See also:

• BARON MARQUIS DE COURTANVAUX GILLES DE SOUVREI

SOUVREI  , DE LEZINES (c . 1540-1626), See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

marshal of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, belonged to an old See also:

• FAMILY

family of the See also:

• PERCHE

Perche . He accompanied the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• ANJOU

Anjou to See also:

• POLAND (Polish Polska, Ger. Polen), (see POLAND, RUSSIAN, below)
• POLAND, RUSSIAN

Poland in 1573, and was appointed See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of the See also:

• WARD
• WARD, ADOLPHUS WILLIAM (1837- )
• WARD, ARTEMUS
• WARD, EDWARD MATTHEW (1816-1879)
• WARD, ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS (1844-1911)
• WARD, JAMES (1769--1859)
• WARD, JAMES (1843– )
• WARD, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS (1830-1910)
• WARD, LESTER FRANK (1841– )
• WARD, MARY AUGUSTA [MRS HUMPHRY WARD]
• WARD, WILLIAM (1766-1826)
• WARD, WILLIAM GEORGE (1812-1882)

ward-robe and See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain of See also:

• VINCENNES

Vincennes when Anjou became See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry III . He remained in favour, despite the opposition of the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen-See also:

• MOTHER

mother, See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine de Medicis, fought at Contras, defended See also:

• TOURS

Tours against the Leaguers, was named See also:

• CHEVALIER, ALBERT (1861– )
• CHEVALIER, MICHEL (1806-1879)
• CHEVALIER, ULYSSE (1841– )

chevalier de See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

Saint Esprit and See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of See also:

• TOURAINE

Touraine (1585), and was one of the first to recognize Henry IV . (1589), who subsequently entrusted him with the See also:

• EDUCATION

education of the dauphin . See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIII. rewarded him with the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of marshal in 1613 . He died in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris in 1626 . SOUZA-BOTELHO, See also:

• ADELAIDE
• ADELAIDE (Ger. Adelheid) (931-999)

ADELAIDE FILLEUL, MARQUISE DE (1761—1836), See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French writer, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in Paris on the 14th of May 1761 . Her mother, See also:

• MARIE

Marie See also:

• IRENE

Irene Catherine de See also:

• BUISSON, FERDINAND (1841– )

Buisson, daughter of the seigneur of Longpre, near See also:

• FALAISE

Falaise, married a See also:

• BOURGEOIS
• BOURGEOIS, LEON VICTOR AUGUSTE (1851– )

bourgeois of that See also:

• TOWN

town named Filleul . It was reported, though no See also:

• PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)

proof is forthcoming, that Mme Filleul had been the See also:

• MISTRESS

mistress of Louis XV . Her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband became one of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's secretaries, and See also:

• LIME
• LIME (O. Eng. lim, Lat. limes, mud, from linere, to smear)

lime Filleul made many See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends, among them See also:

• MARMONTEL, JEAN FRANCOIS (1723-1799)

Marmontel . Their eldest daughter, Julie, married See also:

• ABEL (better ABELL), THOMAS (d. 1540)
• ABEL (Hebrew for breath)
• ABEL, KARL FRIEDRICH (1725-1787)
• ABEL, NIELS HENRIK (1802-1829)
• ABEL, SIR FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, BART

Abel See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

Francois See also:

• POISSON, SIMEON DENIS (1781-1840)

Poisson, See also:

• MARQUIS

marquis de See also:

• MARIGNY, ENGUERRAND DE (1260-1315)
• MARIGNY, JEAN DE (d. 1350)

Marigny (1727—1781); Adelaide married in 1779 See also:

• ALEXANDRE, NOEL (NATALIS ALEXANDER) (1639-1724)

Alexandre Sebastien de Flahaut de la Billarderie, See also:

• COMTE, AUGUSTE [ISIDORE AUGUSTE MARIE FRANCOIS XAVIER] (1798-1857)

comte de Flahaut, a soldier of some reputation, who was many years her See also:

• SENIOR, NASSAU WILLIAM (1790-1864)

senior .

In Paris she soon gathered See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round her a See also:

• SALON

salon, in which the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal figure was Talleyrand . There are many allusions to their liaison in the See also:

• DIARY

diary of Gouverneur See also:

• MORRIS
• MORRIS [MORRISON], CLARA (1849– )
• MORRIS, GOUVERNEUR (1752–1816)
• MORRIS, JOHN (1810-1886)
• MORRIS, RICHARD (1833–1894)
• MORRIS, ROBERT (1734–1806)
• MORRIS, SIR LEWIS (1833–1907)
• MORRIS, WILLIAM (1834-1896)

Morris . In 1785 was born her son Auguste See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph de Flahaut (q.v.), who was generally known to be Talleyrand's son . Mme de Flahaut fled from Paris in 1792 and joined the society of emigres at Mickleham, See also:

• SURREY
• SURREY, EARLDOM OF
• SURREY, HENRY HOWARD, EARL OF (1518?-1547)

Surrey, described in Mme d'Arblay's See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs . Her husband remained at See also:

• BOULOGNE, or BOULLONGNE

Boulogne, where he was arrested on the 29th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1793 and guillotined . Mme de Flahaut now supported herself by See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing novels, of which the first, Adele de Sennange (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1794), which is partly autobiographical, was the most famous . She presently See also:

• LEFT

left London for See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland, where she met Louis Philippe, duke of See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans . She travelled in his See also:

• COMPANY

company to See also:

• HAMBURG

Hamburg, where she lived for two years, earning her living as a See also:

• MILLINER

milliner . She returned to Paris in 1798, and on the 17th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1802 she married Jose Maria de Souza-Botelho Mourao e Vasconcellos (1758—1825), Portuguese See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister plenipotentiary in Paris . Her husband was recalled in 1804, and was offered the St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg See also:

• EMBASSY

embassy; but in the next See also:

• YEAR

year he resigned, to See also:

• SETTLE
• SETTLE, ELKANAH (1648–1724)

settle permanently in Paris, where he had many friends, among them the historian See also:

• SISMONDI, JEAN CHARLES LEONARD DE (1773-1842)

Sismondi . He spent his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time chiefly in the preparation of a beautiful edition of the Lusiads of See also:

• CAMOENS [CAMOES], LUIS VAZ DE (1524-1580)

Camoens, which he completed in 1817 . Mme de Souza lost her social See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power after the fall of the First See also:

• EMPIRE

Empire, and was deserted even by Talleyrand, although he continued his patronage of Charles de Flahaut .

Her husband died in 1825, and after the See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of Louis Philippe she lived in See also:

• COMPARATIVE

comparative retirement till her See also:

• DEATH

death on the 19th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1836 . She brought up her See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson, Charles, duc de See also:

• MORNY, CHARLES AUGUSTE LOUIS JOSEPH

Morny, her son's natural son by Queen Hortense . Among her later novels were La Cozntesse de Fargy (1822) and La Duchesse de See also:

• GUISE
• GUISE, HOUSE OF

Guise (1831) . Her See also:

• COMPLETE

complete See also:

• WORKS

works were published in 1811—1822 . See See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron A. de Maricourt, Madame de Souza et sa fanzille (1907) Lettres inedites de J . C . L. de Sismondi . . . et de Madame de Souza (Paris, 1863), ed . St Rene See also:

• TAILLANDIER

Taillandier; Sainte-Beuve, Portraits de femmes (x844); and for Mme de Filleul, MM. de See also:

• GONCOURT, DE

Goncourt, See also:

• LES

Les Mattresses de Louis XV . (1860) and J . F . Marmontel (1804) .