See also:

• SPHENODON, or TUATARA

SPHENODON, or TUATARA  . See also:

• SPHENODON, or TUATARA

Sphenodon s . Halteria (called by See also:

• GRAY
• GRAY (or GREY), WALTER DE (d. 1255)
• GRAY, ASA (1810-1888)
• GRAY, DAVID (1838-1861)
• GRAY, ELISHA (1835-1901)
• GRAY, HENRY PETERS (1819-18/7)
• GRAY, HORACE (1828–1902)
• GRAY, JOHN DE (d. 1214)
• GRAY, JOHN EDWARD (1800–1875)
• GRAY, PATRICK GRAY, 6TH BARON (d. 1612)
• GRAY, ROBERT (1809-1872)
• GRAY, SIR THOMAS (d. c. 1369)
• GRAY, THOMAS (1716-1771)

Gray after Hatter), with one See also:

• SPECIES

species, S. punctatum, is the See also:

• SOLE (Solea)

sole surviving member of the whole See also:

• GROUP

group of See also:

• RHYNCHOCEPHALIA

Rhynchocephalia (q.v. under See also:

• REPTILES (Lat. Reptilia, creeping things, from reptilis; ref ere, to creep; Gr. Ep7rety, whence the term " herpetology," for the science dealing with them)

REPTILES, Fossil) . It is one of the few reptiles inhabiting New See also:

• ZEALAND (also SEALAND Or SEELAND; Danish Sjaelland)

Zealand; formerly See also:

• COMMON

common on the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main islands, now restricted to some of the small, uninhabited islands in the See also:

• BAY

Bay of Plenty, where these last " living fossils " enjoy the See also:

• PROTECTION

protection of the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government . The Maoris See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call it ruatara, tuatete or tuatara, the latter meaning " having spines." This creature represents an almost ideally generalized type of reptile . The See also:

• TOTAL

total length of large See also:

• MALES

males is more than two feet, but mature See also:

• FEMALES

females are scarcely See also:

• HALF

half this See also:

• SIZE

size . In See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance they much resemble the Agamidae, especially Uromastix, or Physignathus, with the massive See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head, the See also:

• CHISEL (from the O. Fr. cisel, modern ciseau, Late Lat. cisellum, a cutting tool, from caedere, to cut)

chisel-shaped front See also:

• TEETH (O.E. Eel); plural of tooth, O.E. top)

teeth, See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short legs and erectile See also:

• CREST
• CREST (Lat. crista, a plume or tuft)

crest of cutaneous spines on the head and along the See also:

• MID

mid-See also:

• LINE

line of the See also:

• TRUNK (Fr. tronc, Lat. truncus, cut off, maimed)

trunk and tail, whilst the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of the dark See also:

• OLIVE (Olea europaea)

olive-See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green skin is granular, with yellowish specks . But the Agamoid resemblance is only skin-deep, and only the tyro can confound them with any group of Lacertilia . At the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time it is probable that Sphenodon stands near the ancestral See also:

• ROOT (late O.E. rot, adopted from Scand., cf. Norw. and Swed. rot, Dan. rod; the true O.E. word was wyrt, plant, represented in Ger. Wurz or Wurzel; the ultimate root is the same in both words, and is seen in Lat. radix)
• ROOT, ELIHU (1845– )

root of the Lacertilia, before these divided into geckos, chameleons, and lizards proper . Sthe development of this See also:

• ANIMAL
• ANIMAL (Lat. animalis, from anima, breath, soul)

animal has been first studied by G . B . Howes, who quotes the literature bearing upon the whole subject .

A See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the habits of the tuatara has been given by See also:

• NEWMAN, FRANCIS WILLIAM (1805-1897)
• NEWMAN, JOHN HENRY (1801-1890)

Newman . They live upon animals, but these are only taken when alive and moving about, e.g. See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish, See also:

• WORMS

worms, See also:

• INSECTS

insects . Sluggish in their habits, they See also:

• SLEEP (0. Eng. slcepan; Ger. schlafen; cf. Lat. labi, to glide, and " slip ")

sleep during the greater See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day in their self-dug burrows, and are very fond of lying in the See also:

• WATER

water, and they remain below for See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours without breathing . Each individual excavates its own hole, a See also:

• TUNNEL (Fr. tonne!, later tonneau, a diminutive from Low Lat. tonna, tunna, a tun, cask)

tunnel leading into a roomy chamber, lined with grass and leaves; part of the habitation is shared socially by a See also:

• FAMILY

family of petrels, which is said to occupy usually the See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side, whilst the tuatara itself lives a solitary See also:

• LIFE

life . The male croaks or grunts much during the pairing See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season; the hard-shelled, See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long-See also:

• OVAL (Lat. ovum, egg)

oval eggs, about 28 mm. long, are laid in holes in the See also:

• SAND
• SAND, GEORGE (1804-1876)

sand, about ten in one See also:

• NEST

nest, from See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November to See also:

• JANUARY

January or See also:

• FEBRUARY

February . They contain nearly ripe embryos in the following See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August, but they are not hatched until about thirteen months old; in the meantime they seem to undergo a See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of See also:

• HIBERNATION (winter sleep)

hibernation, their nasal See also:

• CHAMBERS (the Fr. chambre, from Lat. camera, a room)
• CHAMBERS, EPHRAIM (d. 1740)
• CHAMBERS, GEORGE (1803-1840)
• CHAMBERS, ROBERT (18oz-1871)
• CHAMBERS, SIR WILLIAM (1726-1796)

chambers becoming blocked with proliferating epithelium, which is resolved shortly before hatching during the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern summer . In spite of their imposing, rather See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble appearance, when, with their heads erect, they calmly look about with their large quiet eyes, they are dull creatures, but they bite furiously . For life See also:

• HISTORY

history see A . K . Newman, Trans . New Zealand Inst . (1878), x .

222; Von See also:

• HAAST, SIR JOHANN FRANZ JULIUS VON (1824—1887)

Haast, ibid . (188,), xiv . 2.76; Reischek, ibid. xiv . 274; A . Dendy,.ibid . (1899), xxxi . 245; Nature, 59, 340, For development; G . B . Howes and H . H . Swinnerton, Trans . Zool .

See also:

• SOC

Soc . (1900), xv. i—86, six plates; A . Dendy, Quart . Journ . Mic . Sci . (1899), 42, pp . 1—87, ten plates and ibid. pp . 111—153 (parietal See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

eye); H . Schauinsland, See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

Arch. mikr . Anat . (1900), 56, pp .

?47—867, plates . For See also:

• ANATOMY
• ANATOMY (Gr. avaroyil, from ava-silo c', to cut up)

anatomy: A . See also:

• GUNTHER, JOHANN CHRISTIAN (1695-1723)

Gunther Phil . Trans . (1867), 157, pp . 595—629, plates; A . K . Newman, quoted above; F . J . See also:

• KNOX, HENRY (1750-1806)
• KNOX, JOHN (c. 1505–1572)
• KNOX, PHILANDER CHASE (1853– )

Knox, Trans . New Zealand Inst . (1869) ii .

17—20; G . Osawa, Arch. mikr . Anat . (1898), 51, pp . 481—690, and ibid . 52, pp . 268—366 . (H . F .