KURT See also:

• KURT SPRENGEL (1766-1833)

SPRENGEL (1766-1833)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German botanist and physician, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born an the 3rd of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1766 at Bodelkow in Pome- rania . His See also:

• UNCLE

uncle, See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian Konrad See also:

• SPRENGEL, KURT (1766-1833)

Sprengel (1750-1816), is remembered for his studies in the fertilization of See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers by See also:

• INSECTS

insects—a subject in which he reached conclusions many years ahead of his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time . His See also:

• FATHER

father, a clergyman, provided him with a thorough See also:

• EDUCATION

education of wide See also:

• SCOPE (through Ital. scopo, aim, purpose, intent, from Gr. o'KOaos, mark to shoot at, aim, o ic07reiv, to see, whence the termination in telescope, microscope, &c.)

scope; and the boy at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age distinguished himself as a linguist, not only in Latin and See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek, but also in Arabic . He appeared as an author at the age of fourteen, See also:

• PUBLISHING

publishing a small See also:

• WORK

work called Anleitung zur Botanik filr Frauenzimmer in 1780 . In 1784 he began to study See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology and See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine at the university of See also:

• HALLE (known as HALLE-AN-DER-SAALE, t0 distinguish it from the small town of Halle in Westphalia)
• HALLE, SIR CHARLES (originally KARL HALLE) (1819-1895)

Halle, but soon relinquished the former . He graduated in medicine in 1787 . In 1789 he was appointed extraordinary See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of medicine in his See also:

• ALMA

alma mater, and in 1795 was promoted to be See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary professor . He devoted much of his time to medical work and to investigations into the See also:

• HISTORY

history of medicine; and he held a foremost See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank as an See also:

• ORIGINAL

original investigator both in medicine and See also:

• BOTANY (from Gr. l3or6v17, plant; ,66vicety, to graze)

botany . Among the more important of his many services to the latter See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science was the See also:

• PART

part he took in awakening and stimulating microscopic investigation into the See also:

• ANATOMY
• ANATOMY (Gr. avaroyil, from ava-silo c', to cut up)

anatomy of the tissues of the higher See also:

• PLANTS

plants, though defective microscopic appliances rendered the conclusions arrived at by himself untrustworthy . He also made many improvements in the details of both the Linnaean and the " natural " systems of See also:

• CLASSIFICATION (Lat. classis, a class, probably from the root cal-, cla-, as in Gr. icaMce, clamor)

classification . He died of an apoplectic seizure at Halle on the 15th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1833 . Sprengel's more important See also:

• WORKS

works were: Beitrage zur Geschichte See also:

• DES

des Pulses (1787); Galens Fieberlehre (1788); Apologie des Hippokrates (1789); Versuch einer pragmatisclzen Geschichte der Arzneikunde (1792—1799); Handbuch der Pathologic (1795—1797); Institutions medicae (6 vols., 1809—1816) ; Geschichte der Medicin (completed in 1820); Antiquitatum botanicarum specimen (1798); Historia rei herbariae (18o7—r8o8); Anleitung zur Kenntniss der Gewachse (1802—1804; and again 1817—1818); Geschichte der Botanik (1817—1818) ; See also:

• VAN

Van dem Bau and der Natur der Gewachse (1812) ; See also:

• FLORA

Flora halensis (1806—1815; and in 1832); See also:

• SPECIES

Species umbelliferarum minus cognitae (1818) ; Neue Entdeckung See also:

• IM(K2+a2+h2—2 ah cos 0)

im ganzen Umfang der Pflanzenkunde (1820—1822) .

He edited an edition of See also:

• LINNAEUS

Linnaeus's Systema vegetabilium in 1824 and of the Genera plantarum in 183o . A See also:

• LIST (O.E. lisle, a Teutonic word, cf. Dut. lust, Ger. Leiste, adapted in Ital. lista and Fr. lisle)
• LIST, FRIEDRICH (1789-1846)

list of his botanical papers from 1798 onwards will be found in the Royal Society's See also:

• CATALOGUE (a Fr. adaptation of the Gr. KaraXoyos, a register, from Karalyety, to enrol or pick out)

Catalogue of Scientific Papers .