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THOMAS STANLEY (1625-1678)

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 782 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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THOMAS See also:STANLEY (1625-1678)  , See also:English poet and philosopher, son of See also:Sir See also:Thomas See also:Stanley of Cumberlow, in Herts, was See also:born in 1625 . His See also:mother, See also:Mary See also:Hammond, was the See also:cousin of See also:Richard See also:Lovelace, and Stanley was educated in See also:company with the son of See also:Edward See also:Fairfax, the translator of See also:Tasso . He proceeded to See also:Cambridge in 1637, in his thirteenth See also:year, as a See also:gentle-See also:man commoner of See also:Pembroke See also:Hall . In 1641 he took his M.A. degree, but seems by that See also:time to have proceeded to See also:Oxford . He was wealthy, married See also:early, and travelled much on the See also:Continent . He was the friend and See also:companion, and at need the helper, of many poets, and was himself both a writer and a translator of See also:verse . His Poems appeared in 1647; his See also:Europa, See also:Cupid Crucified, See also:Venus Vigils, in 1649; his See also:Aurora and the See also:Prince, from the See also:Spanish of J . See also:Perez de Montalvan, in 1647; Oronta, the See also:Cyprian Virgin, from the See also:Italian of G . Preti (165o); and See also:Anacreon; See also:Bion; See also:Moschus; Kisses by See also:Secundus . . . a See also:volume of See also:translations, in 1651 . Stanley's most serious See also:work in See also:life, however, was his See also:History of See also:Philosophy, which appeared in three successive volumes between 1655 and 1661 . A See also:fourth volume (1662), bearing the See also:title of History of Chaldaick Philosophy, was translated into Latin by J .

Le Clerc (See also:

Amsterdam, 169o) . The three earlier volumes were published in an enlarged Latin version by See also:Godfrey Olearius (See also:Leipzig, 1711) . In 1664 Stanley published in See also:folio a monumental edition of the See also:text of See also:Aeschylus . He died at his lodgings in See also:Suffolk See also:Street, Strand, on the 12th of See also:April 1678, and was buried in the See also:church of St See also:Martin-in-the-See also:Fields . His portrait was painted by Sir See also:Peter See also:Lely; his wife was Dorothy, daughter and coheir of Sir See also:James Emyon, of See also:Flower, in See also:Northamptonshire . Stanley is a very interesting transitional figure in English literature . Born into a later See also:generation than that of See also:Waller and See also:Denham, he rejected their reforms, and was the last to cling obstinately to the old See also:prosody and the conventional forms of See also:fancy . He is the frankest of all English poets in his preference of decadent and Alexandrine See also:schools of See also:imagination; among the ancients he admired Moschus, See also:Ausonius, and the Pervigilium Veneris; among the moderns, Joannes Secundus, Gongora and See also:Marino . The English metaphysical school closes in Stanley, in whom it finds its most delicate and autumnal exponent, who went on See also:weaving his fantastic conceits in elaborately artificial See also:measures far into the days of See also:Dryden and See also:Butler . When Stanley turned to See also:prose, however, his See also:taste became trans-formed . He abandoned his decadents for the gravest masters of Hellenic thought . As an elegant See also:scholar of the illuminative See also:order, he secured a very high See also:place indeed throughout the second See also:half of the 17th See also:century .

His History of Philosophy was See also:

long the See also:principal authority on the progress of thought in See also:ancient See also:Greece . It took the See also:form of a See also:series of See also:critical See also:biographies of the philosophers, beginning with Thales; what Stanley aimed at was the providing of necessary See also:information concerning all " those on whom the attribute of See also:Wise was conferred." He is particularly full on the See also:great See also:Attic masters, and introduces, " not as a comical divertisement for the reader, but as a necessary supplement to the life of See also:Socrates," a See also:blank verse See also:translation of the Clouds of See also:Aristophanes . See also:Bentley is said to have had a very high appreciation of his scholarship, and to have made use of the poet's copious notes, still in See also:manuscript (in the See also:British Museum), on See also:Callimachus . Stanley's See also:original poems, which had been collected in 1651, were imperfectly reprinted in Sir S . See also:Egerton See also:Brydges's edition of 150 copies in 1514, but never since; his " Anacreon " was issued, with the See also:Greek text, by Mr Bullen in 1892 . His prose See also:works have not been collected . (E .

End of Article: THOMAS STANLEY (1625-1678)
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