STATEN See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

ISLAND  , an See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island constituting the See also:

• BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
• BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)

borough of See also:

• RICHMOND
• RICHMOND, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• RICHMOND, LEGH (1772-1827)
• RICHMOND, SIR WILLIAM BLAKE (1842– )

Richmond, New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

City, and Richmond See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county, the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern-most of the counties of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of New York . It is separated from See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

Long Island on E. by the Narrows which connect Upper and See also:

• LOWER

Lower New York See also:

• BAY

Bay; from New See also:

• JERSEY
• JERSEY, EARLS OF

Jersey on the N. by the narrow channel of Kill See also:

• VAN

van Kull which connects New York Bay with See also:

• NEWARK
• NEWARK (NEWARK-UPON-TRENT)
• NEWARK, DAVID LESLIE, LORD (1601-1682)

Newark Bay; and from New Jersey on the W. by the narrow channel of Staten Island See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

Sound or See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur Kill; and on its S.E. See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast are Lower New York, Raritan and See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince's Bays, See also:

• GREAT

Great Kills, and the See also:

• ATLANTIC

Atlantic Ocean . Pop . (189o), 5',693; (1900), 67,021; (1905), 72,845; (1910), 85,969 . Staten Island is connected by See also:

• FERRY (from the same root as that of the verb " to fare," to journey or travel, common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. fahren; it is connected with the root of Gr. 7ropos, way, and Lat. portage, to carry)
• FERRY, JULES FRANCOIS CAMILLE (1832—1893)

ferry with the borough of Manhattan, 5 m. distant, and with See also:

• PERTH
• PERTH, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Perth Amboy, New Jersey . The Staten Island Rapid Transit railway extends along the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north See also:

• SHORE

shore and the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side, and there are several electric lines and pleasant drives . The island is triangular in shape, is 13z M. long from north-east to south-See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west, has a maximum width of nearly 8 m. at its north end, and has an See also:

• AREA

area of about 70 sq. m . The north-east See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter is broken by two ranges of hills having a precipitous east slope and rising to a maximum height of about 400 ft., 1 m. inland from the Narrows; but on the west and south the hills fall gently to the Coastal See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

Plain, which, occupying the greater See also:

• PART

part of the island, is broken only by See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low morainal ridges and terminates in See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

salt marshes along much of the west coast . There are many See also:

• SPECIES

species of See also:

• FOREST

forest trees and more than 1300 species of flowering See also:

• PLANTS

plants and ferns . The See also:

• CLIMATE

climate is subject to sudden changes; but the temperature rarely rises above 90° F. or falls below zero . The island is chiefly a residential See also:

• DISTRICT

district, and in the picturesque See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section are many See also:

• FINE

fine residences . Forts Wadsworth and See also:

• TOMPKINS, DANIEL D

Tompkins commanding the passage of the Narrows constitute one of the strongest defences of New York Harbor .

The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal villages are New See also:

• BRIGHTON

Brighton, West New Brighton, See also:

• PORT

Port Richmond, Stapleton, and See also:

• TOMPKINSVILLE

Tompkinsville on the north coast, II See also:

• POLITICAL

Political See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

Science . and See also:

• TOTTENVILLE

Tottenville (or See also:

• BENTLEY, RICHARD (1662-1742)
• BENTLEY, RICHARD (1794-1871)

Bentley See also:

• MANOR

Manor) on the south-west coast . Richmond, the county-seat since 1727, is a small See also:

• VILLAGE

village near the centre of the island . South See also:

• BEACH

Beach, below the Narrows, is a popular seaside resort . At West New Brighton is a large See also:

• DYEING (0. Eng. dedgian, dealt ; Mid. Eng. deyen)

dyeing See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment, there are also See also:

• SHIP

ship-See also:

• BUILDING

building yards, See also:

• OYSTER

oyster See also:

• FISHERIES

fisheries, and See also:

• TRUCK

truck farms, and among the maufactures are linoleum, See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper, See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead, See also:

• LINSEED

linseed oil, See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick, and See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire-See also:

• CLAY (from O. Eng. claeg, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Klei)
• CLAY, CASSIUS MARCELLUS (1810-1903)
• CLAY, CHARLES (1801–1893)
• CLAY, FREDERIC (1838–1889)
• CLAY, HENRY (1777–1852)

clay products . When discovered by Europeans Staten Island was occupied by the Aquehonga See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians, a See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of the Raritans, and several See also:

• INDIAN

Indian burying-grounds, places where See also:

• WAMPUM

wampum was manufactured, and many Indian See also:

• RELICS (Lat, reliquiae, the equivalent of the English " remains " in the sense of a dead body)

relics, including a See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head with human features, have been found here . In 163o the Dutch West See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India See also:

• COMPANY

Company granted the island to See also:

• MICHAEL
• MICHAEL (1596-1645)
• MICHAEL (Hebrew Sn,q, " Who is like God? ")

Michael Pauw as a part of his patroonship of Pavonia, and it was bought at this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time from the Indians for " some duffels, kettles, axes, hoes, wampum, drilling awls, See also:

• JEW, THE WANDERING

jew's harps, and See also:

• DIVERS

divers other small wares "; but before Pauw had established a See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement upon it he sold his See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title back to the company . A portion of it was regranted to See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David Pietersen de Vries in 1636 and in 1642 the See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder was erected into a patroonship and granted to Cornelis Melyn . In 1641 de Vries established a settlement at Oude Dorp (Old See also:

• TOWN

Town), near Arrochar See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

Park, near South Beach . It was destroyed by the Indians in the same See also:

• YEAR

year, was immediately rebuilt, was again destroyed in 1642 and was again rebuilt, but was abandoned after its destruction for the third time in 1655 . A company of Waldenses founded a second settlement in 1658, at Stony See also:

• BROOK

Brook, about 2 M. west of the ruins of Oude Dorp; this was the principal village for many years and from 1683, when the island was erected into a county, until 1727 it was the county-seat . Melyn surrendered his rights as a patroon in 1661 and during the remainder of the Dutch regime many small grants of See also:

• LAND

land were made to See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French, Dutch, and See also:

• ENGLISH

English settlers .

In 1664 the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of York became proprietor of the newly erected See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of New York and by his See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant in the same year to See also:

• BERKELEY
• BERKELEY, GEORGE (1685–1753)
• BERKELEY, MILES JOSEPH (1803-1889)
• BERKELEY, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1608-1677)

Berkeley and See also:

• CARTERET, SIR GEORGE (c. 1610-1680)

Carteret of all that portion which See also:

• LAY

lay west of the See also:

• HUDSON
• HUDSON, GEORGE (180o-1871)
• HUDSON, HENRY
• HUDSON, JOHN (1662–1719)

Hudson See also:

• RIVER

river, Staten Island became properly a part of New Jersey, but in 1668 the duke decided that all islands within New York Bay which could be circumnavigated in twenty-four See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours should be adjudged to New York . See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

Captain See also:

• CHRISTOPHER, SAINT (Christophorus, Christoferus)

Christopher Billopp made the trip within the time limit and was rewarded with a grant of 1163 acres at the south end of the island . He erected this into the Manor of Bentley and the manor See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, built about this time, still stands in the village of Tottenville . It was in this house that See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• HOWE
• HOWE, EIJAS (1819 — 1867)
• HOWE, JOHN (1630-17o6)
• HOWE, JOSEPH (1804–1873)
• HOWE, JULIA WARD (1819–1910)
• HOWE, RICHARD HOWE, EARL (1726-1799)
• HOWE, SAMUEL GRIDLEY (1801-1876)
• HOWE, WILLIAM HOWE, 5TH VISCOUNT (1729-1814)

Howe on the 11th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1776 held a See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace See also:

• CONFERENCE

conference with See also:

• BENJAMIN
• BENJAMIN, JUDAHPHILIP (1811-1884)

Benjamin See also:

• FRANKLIN
• FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN (1706-1790)
• FRANKLIN, SIR JOHN (1786-1847)
• FRANKLIN, WILLIAM BUEL (1823-1903)

Franklin, See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• ADAMS
• ADAMS, ANDREW LEITH (1827-1882)
• ADAMS, CHARLES FRANCIS (1807-1886)
• ADAMS, HENRY (1838— )
• ADAMS, HENRY CARTER (1852— )
• ADAMS, HERBERT (i858— )
• ADAMS, HERBERT BAXTER (1850—1901)
• ADAMS, JOHN (1735–1826)
• ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY (1767-1848)
• ADAMS, SAMUEL (1722-1803)
• ADAMS, THOMAS (d. c. 1655)
• ADAMS, WILLIAM (d. 162o)

Adams, and See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• RUTLEDGE, JOHN (1739—1800)

Rutledge representing the See also:

• CONTINENTAL

Continental See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress . The See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army under See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Howe landed at the Narrows on the 3rd of See also:

• JULY

July 1777 and until the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war Staten Island was held by the British and See also:

• LOYALISTS

Loyalists . From it the British made frequent predatory raids into New Jersey and the Americans made several retaliatory raids into the island . Under the direction of See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General See also:

• HUGH
• HUGH, ST

Hugh See also:

• MERCER (through Fr. mercier, from popular Lat. mercerius, a dealer, merx, merces, merchandise)

Mercer some See also:

• AMERICAN

American troops reached Richmond on the See also:

• MORNING

morning of the 16th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1776, and in an engagement which immediately followed they were victorious; but, as they were retreating with their prisoners, British reinforcements arrived and in a second engagement at Fresh Kill (now See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

Green See also:

• RIDGE (a word. common to many Teutonic languages, meaning " back," whether of a man or an animal, cf. German Rucke)
• RIDGE, WILLIAM PETT (1864- )

Ridge) they were routed with considerable loss . A second See also:

• RAID

raid was made against Richmond See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1777; and on the 22nd of the same See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month American troops under General John See also:

• SULLIVAN, JOHN (1740–1795)
• SULLIVAN, SIR ARTHUR SEYMOUR (1842—1900)
• SULLIVAN, THOMAS BARRY (1824-1891)

Sullivan fought the British at several places, inflicted a loss of about 200 killed, wounded and prisoners and destroyed considerable quantities of stores . In the War of 1812 Fort Richmond was built at the Narrows and Fort Tompkins in the See also:

• REAR

rear of it . The Federal See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government bought the site in 1847 and after destroying the old forts began the erection of the See also:

• PRESENT

present See also:

• WORKS

works . In 1898 Staten Island became the borough of Richmond in Greater New York . See I .

K . See also:

• MORRIS
• MORRIS [MORRISON], CLARA (1849– )
• MORRIS, GOUVERNEUR (1752–1816)
• MORRIS, JOHN (1810-1886)
• MORRIS, RICHARD (1833–1894)
• MORRIS, ROBERT (1734–1806)
• MORRIS, SIR LEWIS (1833–1907)
• MORRIS, WILLIAM (1834-1896)

Morris, Memorial See also:

• HISTORY

History of Staten Island (2 vols., New York, 1808—1900) ; R . M . Bayles, History of Richmond County (New York, 1887) ; and J . J . Clute, See also:

• ANNALS (Annales, from annus, a year)

Annals of Staten Island (New York, 1877) .