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JOHN STOW (c. 1525-1605)

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 972 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOHN See also:STOW (c. 1525-1605)  , See also:English historian and See also:antiquary, was the son of See also:Thomas See also:Stow, a tailor, and was See also:born about 1525 in See also:London, in the See also:parish of St See also:Michael, Cornhill . His parents were poor, for his See also:father's whole See also:rent for his See also:house and See also:garden was only 6s . 6d. a See also:year, and Stow himself in his youth fetched every See also:morning the See also:milk for the See also:family from a See also:farm belonging to the nunnery of the Minories . He learned the See also:trade of his father, but possibly did not practise it much after he See also:grew up . In 1549 he " kept house " near the well within Aldgate, but after-wards he removed to See also:Lime See also:Street See also:ward, where he resided till his See also:death . About 156o he entered upon the See also:work with which his name is associated . He made the acquaintance of the leading antiquaries of his See also:time, including See also:William See also:Camden, and in 1561 he published his first work, The woorkes of Geffrey See also:Chaucer, newly printed with See also:divers additions whiche were never in printe before . This was followed in 1565 by his Summarie of Englyshe See also:Chronicles, which was frequently reprinted, with slight See also:variations, during his lifetime . Of the first edition a copy was said to have been at one time in the See also:Grenville library . In the See also:British Museum there are copies of the See also:editions of 1567, 1573, 1590, 1598 and 1604 . Stow having in his See also:dedication to the edition of 1567 referred to the See also:rival publication of See also:Richard See also:Grafton (c . 1500-c .

1572) in contemptuous terms, the dispute between them became extremely embittered . Stow's antiquarian tastes brought him under ecclesiastical suspicion as a See also:

person " with many dangerous and superstitious books in his See also:possession," and in 1568 his house was searched . An See also:inventory was taken of certain books he possessed " in See also:defence of papistry," but he was apparently able to satisfy his interrogators of the soundness of his Protestantism . A second See also:attempt to incriminate him in 1570 was also without result . In 158o Stow published his Annales, or a Generale See also:Chronicle of See also:England from See also:Brute until the See also:present yeare •of See also:Christ 158o; it was reprinted in 1592, r6o1 and 1605, the last being continued to the 26th of See also:March 16o5, or within ten days of his death; editions " amended " by See also:Edmund Howes appeared in 1615 and 1631 . The work by which Stow is best known is his Survey of London, published in 1598, not only interesting from the See also:quaint simplicity of its See also:style and its amusing descriptions and anecdotes, but of unique value from its See also:minute See also:account of the buildings, social See also:condition and customs of London in the time of See also:Elizabeth . A second edition appeared in his lifetime in 1603, a third with additions by See also:Anthony See also:Munday in 1618, a See also:fourth by Munday and Dyson in 1633, a fifth with interpolated amendments by See also:John See also:Strype in 1720, and a See also:sixth by the same editor in 1754 . The edition of 1.498 was reprinted, edited by W . J . Thorns, in 1842,in 1846, and with illustrations in 1876 . Through the patronage of See also:Archbishop See also:Parker, Stow was enabled to See also:print the See also:Flores historiarum of See also:Matthew of See also:Westminster in 1567, the Chronicle of Matthew See also:Paris in 1571, and the Historia brevis of Thomas See also:Walsingham in 1574 . At the See also:request of Parker he had himself compiled a " farre larger See also:volume," An See also:history of this See also:island, but circumstances were unfavourable to its publication and the See also:manuscript is now lost .

Additions to the previously published See also:

works of Chaucer were twice made through Stow's " own painful labours "in the edition of 1561, referred to above, and also in 1597 . A number of Stow's See also:manuscripts are in the Harleian collection in the British Museum . Some are in the See also:Lambeth library (No . 306); and from the volume which includes them. were published by the Camden Society, edited by See also:James See also:Gairdner, Three Fifteenth-See also:Century Chronicles, with See also:Historical Memoranda by John See also:Stowe the Antiquary, and Contemporary Notes of Occurrences written by him (188o) . Stow's See also:literary labours did not prove very remunerative, but he accepted poverty in a cheerful spirit . See also:Ben See also:Jonson relates that once when walking with him Stow jocularly asked two mendicant cripples " what they would have to take him to their See also:order." In March 1604 James . I. authorized him and his deputies to collect " amongst our loving subjects their voluntary contributions and See also:kind gratuities,'.' and himself began " the largesse for the example of others.'' If the royal See also:appeal was successful Stow did not live See also:long to enjoy the increased comfort resulting from it, as he died on the 6th of See also:April 16o5 . He was buried in the London See also:church of St See also:Andrew Undershaft, where the See also:monument erected by his widow, exhibiting a terra-See also:cotta figure of him, still remains . Stow's Survey of London has been edited with notes by C . L . See also:Kingsford (See also:Oxford, 1908) .

End of Article: JOHN STOW (c. 1525-1605)
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