See also:

• STRABO (born c. 63 n.c.)

STRABO (See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born c. 63 n.c.)  , See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek geographer and historian, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• AMASIA (anc. Amasia)

Amasia in See also:

• PONTUS

Pontus, a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city which had been much Hellenized, and was the royal See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence of the See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings of Pontus . We know nothing of his See also:

• FATHER

father's See also:

• FAMILY

family, but several of his See also:

• MOTHER

mother's relatives held important posts under See also:

• MITHRADATES

Mithradates V. and VI . Some were of Hellenic, others of See also:

• ASIATIC

Asiatic origin, but See also:

• STRABO (born c. 63 n.c.)

Strabo himself was by See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language and See also:

• EDUCATION

education thoroughly Greek . The date of his See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth cannot be exactly determined, but from various indications in his See also:

• WORK

work it seems to have been about 63 E.C . He studied at Nysa under the grammarian See also:

• ARISTODEMUS (8th century s.c.)

Aristodemus, under Tyrannio the grammarian at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, under the philosopher Xenarchus either at Rome or at See also:

• ALEXANDRIA
• ALEXANDRIA (Arab. Iskenderia)

Alexandria, and he had studied See also:

• ARISTOTLE
• ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C.)

Aristotle along with See also:

• BOETHUS

Boethus (possibly at Rome under Tyrannio, who had See also:

• ACCESS (Lat. accessus)

access to the Aristotelian writings in See also:

• SULLA, LUCIUS CORNELIUS (138–78 B.C.)

Sulla's library) . He states that he saw P . Servilius Isauricus, who died at Rome in advanced years in 44 B.C., from which it has been inferred that he visited Rome See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in See also:

• LIFE

life . He also tells us that he was at Gyaros (one of the See also:

• CYCLADES

Cyclades) when See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

Augustus was at See also:

• CORINTH
• CORINTH, ISTHMUS OF

Corinth on his return to Rome from the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East in 29 E.c., and that he accompanied the See also:

• PREFECT (prefet)

prefect of See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt, Aelius See also:

• GALLUS, C
• GALLUS, CORNELIUS (c. 70-26 B.C.)
• GALLUS, GAIUS AELIUS
• GALLUS, GAIUS CESTIUS
• GALLUS, GAIUS SULPICIUS

Gallus, on his expedition"to Upper Egypt, which seems to have taken See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in 25–24 B.C . These are the only See also:

• DATES

dates in his life which can be accurately fixed . The latest event mentioned in his work is the See also:

• DEATH

death of See also:

• JUBA
• JUBA, or JUB

Juba, See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• MAURETANIA

Mauretania, which took place in A.D . 21 . Although he had seen a comparatively small portion of the regions which he describes, he had travelled much .

As he states himself: " Westward I have journeyed to the parts of See also:

• ETRURIA

Etruria opposite See also:

• SARDINIA (Gr. 'IXs'o"uva, from a fancied resemblance to a footprint in its shape, Ital. Sardegna)

Sardinia; towards the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south from the Euxine to the See also:

• BORDERS, THE

borders of See also:

• ETHIOPIA, or AETHIOPIA (Gr. AlOtoaia)

Ethiopia; and perhaps not one of those who have written geographies has visited more places than I have between those limits." He tells us that he had seen Egypt as far south as Syene and See also:

• PHILAE

Philae, See also:

• COMANA
• COMANA (mod. Gumenek)

Comana in See also:

• CAPPADOCIA

Cappadocia, See also:

• EPHESUS
• EPHESUS, COUNCIL OF

Ephesus, Mylasa, Nysa and See also:

• HIERAPOLIS

Hierapolis in See also:

• PHRYGIA

Phrygia, Gyarus and Populonia . Of See also:

• GREECE

Greece proper he saw but little; it is by no means certain that he even visited See also:

• ATHENS
• ATHENS ['AN vat, Athenae, modem colloquial Greek `Ath va]

Athens, and though he describes Corinth as an See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

eye-See also:

• WITNESS
• WITNESS (from O. Eng. witan, to know)

witness, it is clear that he was never at See also:

• DELPHI (the Pytho of Homer and Herodotus; in Boeotian inscriptions BeA4oi, on coins Aa)tg5oi)

Delphi, and was not aware that the ruins of See also:

• MYCENAE

Mycenae still existed . He had seen See also:

• CYRENE [mod. Ain Shahat-Grenna]

Cyrene from the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea, probably on his voyage from See also:

• PUTEOLI (mod. Pozzuoli, q.v.)

Puteoli to Alexandria, where he remained a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, probably amassing materials, and studying See also:

• ASTRONOMY (from Gr. &arpov, a star, and v ,usiv, to classify or arrange)

astronomy and See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics . For nowhere could he have had a better means of consulting the See also:

• WORKS

works of historians, geographers and astronomers, such as Eratosthenes, See also:

• POSIDONIUS (c. 130-50 B.C.)

Posidonius, See also:

• HIPPARCHUS (fl. 146-126 B.c.)

Hipparchus and See also:

• APOLLODORUS

Apollodorus . We cannot tell where his See also:

• GEOGRAPHY (Gr. yil, earth, and ypiickty, to write)

Geography was written, but it was at least finally revised between A.U . 17 and 23, since we have See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical allusions which can be dated to that time . Probably Strabo was then in Rome; the fact that his work passed unnoticed by See also:

• ROMAN

Roman writers such as the See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder See also:

• PLINY, THE ELDER
• PLINY, THE YOUNGER

Pliny does not prove the contrary . Works.—His earliest See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing was an historical work now lost, which he himself describes as his Historical See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs: He tells us (xi . 9, 3) that the See also:

• SIXTH

sixth See also:

• BOOK

book of the Memoirs was identical with the second of the Continuation of See also:

• POLYBIUS (c. 204–122 B.C.)

Polybius; probably, therefore, books i.-iv. formed an introduction to the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main work . This accounts for the fact that he speaks (ii . 70) of having treated of the exploits of See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander in his Memoirs, a topic which could not have found a place in a work which began where that of Polybius ended (146 B.C.) . According to Suidas, the continuation of Polybius was in See also:

• FORTY

forty-three books .

See also:

• PLUTARCH
• PLUTARCH (Gr. llXoi rapxos) (c. A.D. 46–120)

Plutarch, who calls him " the Philosopher," quotes Strabo's Memoirs (Luc . 28), and cites him as an historian (Sulla, 26). See also:

• JOSEPHUS, FLAVIUS (c. 37-C. 95?)

josephus, who constantly calls him " the Cappadocian," often quotes from him, but does not mention the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of the work . The Geography is the most important work on that See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science which antiquity has See also:

• LEFT

left us . It was, as far as we know, the first See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to collect all the See also:

• GEOGRAPHICAL

geographical knowledge at the time attainable, and to compose a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on geography . It is not merely a new edition of Eratosthenes . In general outline it follows necessarily the work of the last-named geographer, who had first laid down a scientific basis for geography . Strabo made considerable alterations, but not always for the better . The three books of the older work formed a strictly technical geographical treatise . Its small See also:

• SIZE

size prevented it from containing any such general description of See also:

• SEPARATE

separate countries as Strabo rightly conceived to fall within the See also:

• SCOPE (through Ital. scopo, aim, purpose, intent, from Gr. o'KOaos, mark to shoot at, aim, o ic07reiv, to see, whence the termination in telescope, microscope, &c.)

scope of the geographer . " Strabo indeed appears to See also:

• BEE (Sanskrit blza, AS. ben, Lat. apis)

bee the first who conceived a See also:

• COMPLETE

complete geographical treatise as comprisin the four divisions of mathematical, See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical, See also:

• POLITICAL

political and historical geography, and he endeavoured, however imperfectly, to keep all these See also:

• OBJECTS

objects in view." The incidental historical notices, which are often of See also:

• GREAT

great value and See also:

• INTEREST

interest, are all his own . These digressions at times interrupt the symmetry of his See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan; but Strabo had all the Greek love of legendary See also:

• LORE
• LORE, AMBROISE DE (1396-1446)

lore, and he discusses the journeyings of' Heracles as earnestly as if they were events within See also:

• RECENT

recent See also:

• HISTORY

history . He regarded See also:

• HOMER, WINSLOW (1836-191o)

Homer as the source of all See also:

• WISDOM, BOOK OF, or WISDOM OF SOLOMON (Sept. Io4ia IaXwµwvos; Lat. Vulg. Liber sapientiae)

wisdom and knowledgeindeed, his description of Greece is largely See also:

• DRAWN

drawn from Apollodorus's commentary on the Homeric " See also:

• CATALOGUE (a Fr. adaptation of the Gr. KaraXoyos, a register, from Karalyety, to enrol or pick out)

Catalogue of See also:

• SHIPS

Ships "—and treated See also:

• HERODOTUS (c. 484-425 B.C.)

Herodotus with undeserved contempt. classing him with See also:

• CTESIAS

Ctesias and other " marvel-mongers." Yet in some respects Herodotus had better See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information (e.g. in regard to the See also:

• CASPIAN

Caspian) than Strabo him-self .

Again, Strabo may be censured for discarding the statements of See also:

• PYTHEAS

Pytheas resPecting the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west and See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, accepted as they had been by Eratosthenes . But in this he relied on Polybius, whom he might justly consider as having from his position at Rome far better means of gaining accurate information . It must be admitted that the statements of Pytheas did not See also:

• ACCORD (from Fr. accorder, to agree)

accord with the theory of Strabo just in those very points where he was at variance with Eratosthenes . He showed likewise an unwarranted See also:

• SCEPTICISM (o-Kesrroµai, I consider, reflect, hesitate, doubt)

scepticism in reference to the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of Cerne on the west See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast of See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa, which without doubt the Carthaginians had long used as an See also:

• EMPORIUM (a Latin adaptation of the Gr. Eµabpuov, from f)

emporium . Strabo chiefly employed Greek authorities (the Alexandrian geographers Polybius, Posidonius and See also:

• THEOPHANES

Theophanes of Mytilene, the See also:

• COMPANION (through the O. Fr. compaignon or compagnon, from the Late Lat. companio,—cum, with, and panis, bread,—one who shares meals with another; the word has been wrongly derived from the Late Lat. compagnus, one of the same pages or district)

companion of See also:

• POMPEY

Pompey) and made comparatively little use of Roman authorities . Although he refers to See also:

• CAESAR, GAIUS JULIUS (102—44 B.c.)
• CAESAR, SIR JULIUS (1557-1558-1636)

Caesar's Commentaries once by name, and evidently made use of them in other passages, he but imperfectly availed himself of that work . He designed his geography as a sequel to his historical writings, and it had as it were grown out of his historical materials, which were chiefly Greek . Moreover Strabo probably amassed his material in the library of Alexandria, so that Greek authorities would naturally furnish the great bulk of his collections . Doubtless, however, he returned to Rome after a long sojourn in Alexandria, a fact which explains the defectiveness of his information about the countries, to the east of his native See also:

• LAND

land, and renders it possible for him to have made use of the " choregraphy " of See also:

• AGRIPPA
• AGRIPPA, HEROD, I
• AGRIPPA, HEROD, II
• AGRIPPA, MARCUS VIPSANIUS

Agrippa, a See also:

• MAP
• MAP (or MAPES), WALTER (d. c. 1208/9)

map of the Roman See also:

• EMPIRE

Empire and adjacent countries set up by See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of Augustus in'the Porticus Vipsaniae . He designed the work for the statesman rather than for the student . He therefore endeavours to give a general See also:

• SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

sketch of the See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, physical peculiarities and natural productions of each See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, and consequently gives us much valuable information respecting See also:

• ETHNOLOGY

ethnology, See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade and metallurgy . It was almost necessary that he should select what he thought most important for description, and at times omit what we deem of more importance .

With respect to physical geography; his work is a great advance on all preceding ones . Judged by See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• STANDARDS

standards, his description of the direction of See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers and See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain-chains seems defective, but See also:

• ALLOWANCE (from "allow,' derived through 0. Fr. alouer from the two Lat. origins adlaudare, to praise, and allocare, to assign a place; so that the English word combined the general idea of "assigning with approval")

allowance must be made for difficulties in procuring information, and for want of accurate See also:

• INSTRUMENTS

instruments . In respect of mathematical geography, his lack of scientific training was no great hindrance . He had before him the results of Eratosthenes, Hipparchus and Posidonius . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief conclusions of astronomers concerning the spherical figure and dimensions of the See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth, its relation to the heavenly bodies, and the great circles of the globe—the See also:

• EQUATOR (Late Lat. aequator, from aequare, to make equal)

equator, the See also:

• ECLIPTIC

ecliptic and the tropics—were considered as well established . He accepted also the See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division into five zones; he quotes approvingly the assertion of Hipparchus that it was impossible to make real advances in geography without astronomical observations for determining latitudes and longitudes . The work consists of seventeen books, of which the seventh is imperfect . The first two are See also:

• INTRODUCTORY

introductory, the next eight See also:

• DEAL

deal with Europe (two being devoted to See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain and See also:

• GAUL
• GAUL, GILBERT WILLIAM (1855— )

Gaul, two to See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy and See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily, one to the north and east of Europe, and three to Greek lands): The See also:

• ELEVENTH

eleventh book treats of the main divisions of See also:

• ASIA

Asia and the more easterly districts, the next three of Asia See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

Minor . Book xv. deals with See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India and See also:

• PERSIA

Persia, book xv with See also:

• ASSYRIA

Assyria, Babylonia, See also:

• SYRIA

Syria and See also:

• ARABIA

Arabia, and the closing book with Egypt and Africa . See also:

• EDITIONS

Editions.—The Aldine (See also:

• VENICE
• VENICE (continued)
• VENICE (Venezia)

Venice, 1516) was unfortunately based on a very corrupt MS . The first substantial, improvements in the See also:

• TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text were due to See also:

• CASAUBON, FLORENCE ESTIENNE
• CASAUBON, ISAAC (1559-1614)

Casaubon (See also:

• GENEVA
• GENEVA (Fr. Geneve, Ger. Genf, Ital. Ginevra, Late Lat. Gebenna, though Genava in good Latin)
• GENEVA, LAKE OF

Geneva, 1587; See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 162o), whose text remained the basis of subsequent editions till that of Comes (Paris, 1815-1819), who removed many corruptions . The See also:

• MSS

MSS. were first scientifically collated by Kramer (See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, 1844-1852), who demonstrated that See also:

• PAR (Lat. par, equal)

Par .

1397 was the best authority for the first nine books (it contains no more) and Vat . 1329 for the See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder . Of later editions the most important are those of C . See also:

• MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
• MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
• MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
• MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
• MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
• MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
• MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
• MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
• MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
• MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)

Muller (Paris, 1853) and See also:

• MEINEKE, JOHANN ALBRECHT FRIEDRICH AUGUST (1790-1870)

Meineke (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1866–1877) . H . F . Tozer's See also:

• VOLUME

volume of selections (See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, 1893) is useful . See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon I., an admirer of Strabo, caused a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of the Geography to be made by Coraes, Letronne and others(Paris 1805–1819) ; Grosskurd's See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German translation(Berlin, 1831–1834), with notes, is a monumental work.- The fragments of the Historical . Memoirs have been edited by P . See also:

• OTTO

Otto (Leipsiger Studien XI, 1891); see also Muller's . Fragmenta historicorum graecorum, iii . 490 sqq .

See also:

• BUNBURY
• BUNBURY, HENRY WILLIAM (1750-1811)

Bunbury's History of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

Ancient Geography, vol. ii. chs . 21, 22 ; and F . See also:

• DUBOIS
• DUBOIS, FRANCOIS CLEMENT THEODORE (1837– )
• DUBOIS, GUILLAUME (1656–1723)
• DUBOIS, JEAN ANTOINE (1765-1848)
• DUBOIS, PAUL (1829-1905)
• DUBOIS, PIERRE (c. 1250-c. 1312)

Dubois's Examen de la geographie de Strabon (Paris, 1891) should also be consulted . (H . S .