See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

DAVID See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

FRIEDRICH See also:

• DAVID FRIEDRICH STRAUSS (1808-1874)
• STRAUSS, JOHANN (1804-1849)
• STRAUSS, RICHARD (1864– )

STRAUSS (1808-1874)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German theologian and See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of letters, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• LUDWIGSBURG

Ludwigsburg, near See also:

• STUTTGART

Stuttgart, on the 27th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1808 . In his thirteenth See also:

• YEAR

year he was sent to the evangelical See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

seminary at See also:

• BLAUBEUREN

Blaubeuren, near See also:

• ULM

Ulm, to be prepared for the study of See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology . Amongst the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal masters in the school were Professors See also:

• KERN, JAN HENDRIK (1833– )

Kern and F . C . See also:

• BAUR, FERDINAND CHRISTIAN (1792-1860)

Baur, who infused into their pupils above all a deep love of the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• CLASSICS

classics . In 1825 See also:

• STRAUSS, DAVID FRIEDRICH (1808-1874)
• STRAUSS, JOHANN (1804-1849)
• STRAUSS, RICHARD (1864– )

Strauss passed from school to the university of See also:

• TUBINGEN

Tubingen . The professors of See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy there failed to See also:

• INTEREST

interest him, but he was strongly attracted by the writings of See also:

• SCHLEIERMACHER, FRIEDRICH DANIEL ERNST (1768-1834)

Schleiermacher, which awoke his keen dialectical See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty and delivered him from the vagueness and exaggerations of romantic and somnambulistic See also:

• MYSTICISM (from Or. µuety, to shut the eyes; µuorrts, one initiated into the mysteries)

mysticism . In 183o he be-came assistant to a See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country clergyman, and nine months later accepted the See also:

• POST

post of See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor in the high school at Maulbronn, having to See also:

• TEACH [THATCH OR THACH], EDWARD (d. 1718)

teach Latin, See also:

• HISTORY

history and See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew . In See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1831 he resigned his See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to study under Schleiermacher and See also:

• HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH (1770-1831)

Hegel in See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin . Hegel died just as he arrived, and, though he regularly attended Schleiermacher's lectures, it was only those on the See also:

• LIFE

life of Jesus which exercised a very powerful See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence upon him . It was amongst the followers of Hegel that he found kindred See also:

• SPIRITS

spirits . Under the leading of Hegel's distinction, between Vorstellung and Begrifi, he had already conceived the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of his two principal theological See also:

• WORKS

works--the Leben Jesu and the Christliche Dogmatik .

In 1832 he returned to Tubingen and became repetent in the university, lecturing on See also:

• LOGIC (Xoy1K7, sc. rixvrt, the art of reasoning)

logic, history of philosophy, See also:

• PLATO

Plato, and history of See also:

• ETHICS
• ETHICS, SHAFTESBURY, HOBBES

ethics, with See also:

• GREAT

great success . But in the autumn of 1833 he resigned this position in order to devote all his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to the completion of his projected Leben Tesu (1835) . The See also:

• WORK

work produced an immense sensation and created a new See also:

• EPOCH (Gr. E7roxij, holding in suspense, a pause, from E1rxav, to hold up, to stop)

epoch in the treatment of the rise of See also:

• CHRISTIANITY

Christianity . In 1837 Strauss replied to his critics (Streitschriften zur Verteidigung meiner Schrift fiber das Leben Jesu) . In the third edition of the work (1839), and in Zwei friedliche Blatter, he made important concessions to his critics, which he with-See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew, however, in the See also:

• FOURTH

fourth edition (1840; translated into See also:

• ENGLISH

English by See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• ELIOT, CHARLES WILLIAM (1834– )
• ELIOT, GEORGE
• ELIOT, JOHN (1604-1690)
• ELIOT, SIR JOHN (1592-1632)

Eliot, with Latin See also:

• PREFACE (Med. Lat. prefatia, for classical praefatio, praefari, to speak beforehand)

preface by Strauss, 1846) . In 184o and the following year he published his Christliche Glaubenslehre (2 vols.), the principle of which is that the history of See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian doctrines is their disintegration . Between the publication of this work and that of the Friedliche Blotter he had been elected to a See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair of theology in the university of See also:

• ZURICH
• ZURICH (Fr. Zurich; Ital. Zurigo)

Zurich . But the See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment provoked such a See also:

• STORM (in O. Eng..storm, and so in Du. and Low Ger.; in O. H. Ger. and mod. Ger. Sturm; the root is probably that seen in " stir," to rouse, move, disturb, cf. Ger. storen)
• STORM, THEODOR WOLDSEN (1817-1888)

storm of popular See also:

• ILL

ill will in the See also:

• CANTON
• CANTON (borrowed from the Ital. cantone, a corner or angle)
• CANTON (more correctly KWANG-CHOW Fu)
• CANTON, JOHN (1718-1772)

canton that the authorities considered it See also:

• WISE, HENRY ALEXANDER (1806-1876)
• WISE, ISAAC MAYER (1819-1900)

wise to See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension him before he entered upon his duties, although this concession came too See also:

• LATE

late to See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government . With his Glaubenslehre he took leave of theology for upwards of twenty years . In See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1841 he married See also:

• AGNES, SAINT

Agnes Schebest, a cultivated and beautiful See also:

• OPERA (Italian for " work ")

opera See also:

• SINGER, SIMEON (1846-1906)

singer of high repute, but not adapted to be the wife of a See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar and See also:

• LITERARY

literary man like Strauss . Five years afterwards, when two See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children had been born, a separation by arrangement was made . Strauss resumed his literary activity by the publication of Der Romantiker auf dem Thron der Cdsaren, in which he drew a satirical parallel between See also:

• JULIAN (FLAVIUS CLAUDIUS JULIANUS) (331-363)

Julian the Apostate and See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William IV. of See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia (1847) .

In 1848 he was nominated as member of the See also:

• FRANKFORT

Frankfort See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament, but was defeated . He was elected for the See also:

• WURTTEMBERG

Wurttemberg chamber, but his See also:

• ACTION

action was so conservative that his constituents requested him to resign his seat . He forgot his See also:

• POLITICAL

political disappointments in the See also:

• PRODUCTION (Lat. productionem, from producere, to pro-duce)

production of a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of See also:

• BIOGRAPHICAL

biographical works, which secured for him a permanent See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in German literature (Schubarts Leben, 2 vols., 1849; Christian Mdrklin, .1851; Nikodemus See also:

• FRISCHLIN, PHILIPP NIKODEMUS (1547—1S9o)

Frischlin, 1855; See also:

• ULRICH

Ulrich von See also:

• HUTTEN, PHILIPP VON (c. 1511—1546)
• HUTTEN, ULRICH VON (1488—1523)

Hutten, 3 vols., 1858-1860, 6th ed . 1895; H . S . See also:

• REIMARUS, HERMANN SAMUEL (1694-1768)

Reimarus, 1862) . With this last-named work he returned to theology, and two years afterwards (1864) published his Leben Jesu See also:

• FUR (connected with O. Fr. forre, a sheath or case; so " an outer covering ")

fur das deutsche See also:

• VOLK, LEONARD WELLS (1828-1895)

Volk (13th ed., 1904) . It failed to produce an effect comparable with that of the first Life, but the replies to it were many, and Strauss answered them in his pamphlet See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Halben and die Ganzen (1865), directed specially against See also:

• SCHENKEL, DANIEL (1813—1885)

Schenkel and See also:

• HENGSTENBERG, ERNST WILHELM (1802-r869)

Hengstenberg . His Christus See also:

• DES

des Glaubens and der Jesus der Geschichte (1865) is a severe See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism of Schleiermacher's lectures on the life of Jesus, which were then first published . From 1865 to 1872 Strauss resided in See also:

• DARMSTADT

Darmstadt, and in 1870 published his lectures on See also:

• VOLTAIRE, FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET DE (1694–1778)

Voltaire (gth ed., 1907) . His last work, Der site and der neue Glaube (1872; 16th ed., 1904; English See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation by M . See also:

• BLIND, MATHILDE (1841—1896)

Blind, 1873), produced almost as great a sensation as his Life of Jesus, and not least amongst Strauss's own See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends, who wondered at his one-sided view of Christianity and his professed See also:

• ABANDONMENT (Fr. abandonnement, from abandonner, to abandon, relinquish; abandonner was originally equivalent to mettred banddn, to leave to the jurisdiction, i.e. of another, bandon being from Low Latin bandum, bannum, order, decree, " ban ")

abandonment of spiritual philosophy for the See also:

• MATERIALISM (from Lat. materia, matter)

materialism of See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science .

To the fourth edition of the See also:

• BOOK

book he added a Nachwort als Vorwort (1873) . The same year symptoms of a fatalmalady appeared, and See also:

• DEATH

death followed on the 8th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1874 . Strauss's mind was almost exclusively See also:

• ANALYTICAL

analytical and See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical, without See also:

• DEPTH

depth of religious feeling or philosophical penetration, or See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical sympathy; his work was accordingly rarely constructive . His Life of Jesus was directed against not only the traditional orthodox view of the See also:

• GOSPEL (O. Eng. godspel, i.e. good news, a translation of Lat. bona annuntiatio, or evangelium, Gr. evayyeXwv; cf. Goth. iu spillon, " to announce good news," Ulfilas' translation of the Greek, from iu, that which is good, and spellon to announce)

Gospel narratives, but likewise the rationalistic treatment of them, whether after the manner of Reimarus or that of See also:

• PAULUS
• PAULUS (older form PAur.Lus), LUCIUS AEMILIUS
• PAULUS, HEINRICH

Paulus . The mythical theory that the See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ of the Gospels, excepting the most meagre outline of See also:

• PERSONAL

personal history, was the unintentional creation of the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early Christian Messianic expectation he applied with merciless rigour to the narratives . But his operations were based upon fatal defects, See also:

• POSITIVE (or PORTABLE) ORGAN

positive and negative . He held a narrow theory as to the miraculous, a still narrower as to the relation of the divine to the human, and he had no true idea of the nature of historical tradition, while, as F . C . Baur complained, his critique of the Gospel history had not been preceded by the essential preliminary critique of the Gospels themselves . Theologie seiner Zeit (2 vols., 1876-1878); F . J . See also:

• VISCHER
• VISCHER, FRIEDRICH THEODOR (1807-1887)

Vischer, Kritische See also:

• GAUGE, or GAGE (Med. Lat. gauja, jaugia, Fr. jauge, perhaps connected with Fr. jale, a bowl, galon, gallon)

Gauge (1844), vol. i., and by the same writer, Altes and Neues (1882), vol. iii.; R .

See also:

• GOTTSCHALL, RUDOLF VON (1823-1909)

Gottschall, Literarische Charakterkopfe (1896), vol. iv.; S . See also:

• ECK, JOHANN MAIER (1486-1543)

Eck, D . F . Strauss (1899) ; K . Harraeus, D . F . Strauss, sein Leben and See also:

• SEINE
• SEINE (Lat. Sequana)
• SEINE, or SEAN (O. Fr. seigne, mod. seine, Lat. sagena, Gr. vaytivrl, a draw-net)

seine Schriften (1901); and T . Ziegler, D . F . Strauss (2 vols., 1908-1909) .