SUBORDINATE AND See also:

• INDEPENDENT

INDEPENDENT JURISDICTIONS  . See also:

• PALATINATE (Ger. Pfalz)

Palatinate of See also:

• DURHAM
• DURHAM, JOHN GEORGE LAMBTON, 1ST EARL OF (1792–1840)

Durham:—For the earlier records see G . T . Lapsley's See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

County Pala-tine of Durham (Harvard See also:

• HISTORICAL

Historical See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

Series, vol. viii.), pp . 327-337 . The letters sent out from the bishops' See also:

• CHANCERY

chancery are enrolled on the Cursitors' Records, Nos . 29 to 184 . They are calendared in Reports 31 to 37 and 40 . One of the registers (See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

Bishop Kellawe's) has been printed in full in the Rolls series (No . 62) with additions from the See also:

• REGISTER

register of Bishop See also:

• BURY
• BURY, JOHN BAGNELL (1861- )

Bury . The Cursitors' Records also include seven bundles of Inquisitions See also:

• POST

Post Mortem (Nos . 164-18o), calendared in the 44th See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

Report; and a See also:

• VOLUME

volume (No .

2) contains transcripts of similar documents, calendared in the 45th Report . The records of the See also:

• EXCHEQUER

Exchequer of Durham, though deposited in the Public See also:

• RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

Record See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

Office, are treated as the private records of the Ecclesiastical See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

Commission, and are only accessible with a See also:

• SPECIAL

special permit . To the judicial records the only printed means of reference is the See also:

• LIST (O.E. lisle, a Teutonic word, cf. Dut. lust, Ger. Leiste, adapted in Ital. lista and Fr. lisle)
• LIST, FRIEDRICH (1789-1846)

list of See also:

• JUDGMENT

Judgment Rolls (20 See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VII. to 7-8 See also:

• VICTORIA
• VICTORIA (or VITTORIA), TOMMASSO LUDOVICO DA (C. I540-C. 1613)
• VICTORIA [ALEXANDRINA VICTORIA]

Victoria) in the Record Office list of Plea Rolls (No . IV.) Palatinate of See also:

• CHESTER
• CHESTER, EARLS OF

Chester.—The letters sent out from the chancery are enrolled upon the Chester See also:

• RECOGNIZANCE (from Lat. recognoscere, to acknowledge)

Recognizance Rolls (1 See also:

• EDWARD

Edward II. to 34 See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II. with a few rolls down to , See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William IV.) calendared in Reports 36-37 and 39 . The See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial records of the Exchequer of Chester are listed among the Ministers' Accounts (List No . V.) of the county of Chester . The Inquisitions post Mortem and ad quod damnum (Edward III. to Charles I.) are indexed in the 25th report . The judicial records consist of Pleas in the Exchequer, a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• EQUITY (Lat. aequitas)

equity . Its records are Bills and Answers (Henry VIII. to See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George IV.), calendared in the 25th Report up to See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip and See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary; and Decrees and Orders . The court of the justices of Chester was at See also:

• COMMON

common See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law; its Plea Rolls (44 Henry III. to I William IV.), with a See also:

• SEPARATE

separate series for See also:

• FLINT
• FLINT, AUSTIN (1812-1886)
• FLINT, or FLTNTSHTRE (sir Gallestr)
• FLINT, ROBERT (1838- )
• FLINT, TIMOTHY (1780-1840)

Flint (from 12 Edward I.) are listed among the Plea Rolls (List No . IV.) . The Deeds, Inquisitions and Writs of See also:

• DOWER (through the Old Fr. douaire from late Lat. dotarium, classical Lat. dos, dowry)

Dower upon these rolls for the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period Henry III. to Henry VIII. are calendared in the 26th-3oth Reports without an See also:

• INDEX

index .

The See also:

• ASSIZE

Assize Rolls for the counties of Chester and Flint and for thehonour of See also:

• MACCLESFIELD
• MACCLESFIELD, CHARLES GERARD, 1ST EARL OF (c. 1618-1694)

Macclesfield are listed among the other assize rolls (List No . IV.) . See also:

• WALES (Cymru, Gwalia, Cambria)

Wales.—The following are the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal records of the principality of Wales: Ministers' Accounts and Court Rolls, including those of the principality and of - the honours and manors of the Lords Marchers, listed in Lists Nos . V. and VI . Of the judicial records of the See also:

• GREAT

Great Sessions .of Wales, set up by the See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act 34 & 35 Henry VIII., c . 26, the Plea Rolls are listed in the list of Plea Rolls (No . IV) . For an See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the Court of the See also:

• MARCHES, THE (It. Le Marche)

Marches in Wales, see C . A . Skeel's The See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

Council in the Marches of Wales . The Duchy and Palatinate of See also:

• LANCASTER
• LANCASTER, HOUSE OF
• LANCASTER, JOHN OF GAUNT
• LANCASTER, JOSEPH (1778-1838)
• LANCASTER, SIR JAMES (f1. 1591—1618)
• LANCASTER, THOMAS, EARL OF (c. 1277-1322)

Lancaster.—The duchy of Lancaster comprises all the estates of the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Lancaster; the palatinate is limited to the county of Lancaster . The records of the palatinate, transferred to the Public Record Office from Lancaster See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle, related to the county and are either enrolments of writs or of a judicial nature .

The records of the duchy, transferred from the office of the duchy at See also:

• WESTMINSTER
• WESTMINSTER, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• WESTMINSTER, STATUTES OF
• WESTMINSTER, SYNODS OF

Westminster, include similar records and others dealing with the manorial and financial records of all the estates within and without the county . For the Duchy Records see the detailed list (No . XIV.), where the means of reference to this collection are fully described . Of the Palatinate Records the enrolments of writs are classified as Patent and See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

Close Rolls . The former, a broken series from 5 See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John of Gaunt to 21 Henry VII., are calendared in the 40th Report; the latter (in 3 rolls, a broken series, II Henry IV. to 9 Edward IV.) in the 37th Report; but certain enrolments of the palatinate are among the duchy records . The judicial records of the chancery are not calendared ; but the proceedings by way of See also:

• APPEAL

appeal from that court to the Duchy Chamber at Westminster are dealt with in the duchy list . Proceedings under common law include Plea Rolls (2 Henry IV. to 11 Victoria) listed in the list of Plea Rolls (No . IV.) ; and for criminal proceedings there are palatinate Assize Rolls (Henry VI. to 6 Victoria), of which there is a list in the same See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place . But certain rolls which were among the Duchy Records will be found apart at pages 139-14o of the same list . Bishopric of See also:

• ELY
• ELY, RICHARD THEODORE (1854— )

Ely.—The act I & 2 Victoria, c . 94, places the records of this palatinate under the See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge of the See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

Master of the Rolls . They have never been removed to the Record Office, but remain at Ely with the episcopal records, where they can be inspected .

A valuable descriptive list has been published by See also:

• ALFRED

Alfred See also:

• GIBBONS, GRINLING (1648-1721)
• GIBBONS, JAMES (1834– )
• GIBBONS, ORLANDO (1583-1625)

Gibbons for private circulation .