See also:

• SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)

SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)  , the See also:

• TERM

term given to a visible See also:

• OBJECT

object representing to the mind the semblance of something which is not shown but realized by association with it . This is conveyed by the ideas usually associated with the See also:

• SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)

symbol; thus the See also:

• PALM (Lat. palma, Gr. iraX6.jn )
• PALM, JOHANN PHILIPP (1768-1806)

palm See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch is the symbol of victory and the See also:

• ANCHOR (from the Greek ayrcvpa, which Vossius considers is from 6yi17 , a crook or hook)

anchor of See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

hope . Much of See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian symbolism owes its origin to See also:

• PAGAN
• PAGAN (Lat. paganus, of or belonging to a pagus, a canton, county district, village, commune)

pagan See also:

• SOURCES

sources, the interpretations of the symbols having a different meaning; thus " the See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

Good Shepherd with the See also:

• LAMB (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Lamm)
• LAMB, CHARLES (1775–1834)

lamb " is thought by some to have been derived from the figure of See also:

• HERMES
• HERMES, GEORG (1775-1831)

Hermes (See also:

• MERCURY
• MERCURY (MERCU1uus)
• MERCURY (symbol Hg, atomic weight = 2oo)

Mercury) carrying the See also:

• GOAT (a common Teut. word; O. Eng. gat, Goth. gaits, Mod. Ger. Geiss, cognate with Lat. haedus, a kid)

goat to See also:

• SACRIFICE (from Lat. sacrificium; sacer, holy, and facere, to make)

sacrifice, and " See also:

• ORPHEUS

Orpheus charming the See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild beasts," which, when painted in the catacombs, was probably intended as the See also:

• REPRESENTATION

representation of a type of See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ . One of the earliest symbols of the Saviour, the See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish, was derived from an See also:

• ACROSTIC (Gr. aKpos, at the end, and arixos, line or verse)

acrostic of the See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek word jx06s, the component letters of which were the See also:

• INITIALS (Lat. initialis, of or belonging to a beginning, initium)

initials of the five words 'Irtaous X/narks, AEoO T16s, Eceenp, Jesus Christ, Son of See also:

• GOD

God, Saviour . The See also:

• SHIP

ship, another early symbol, represented the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church in which the faithful are carried over the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea of See also:

• LIFE

life . Other symbols are those which were represented by animals, real or fabulous, and were derived from Scripture: thus the lamb typified Christ from St See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John's See also:

• GOSPEL (O. Eng. godspel, i.e. good news, a translation of Lat. bona annuntiatio, or evangelium, Gr. evayyeXwv; cf. Goth. iu spillon, " to announce good news," Ulfilas' translation of the Greek, from iu, that which is good, and spellon to announce)

Gospel (i . 29 and 36), and the See also:

• LION
• LION (Lat, leo, leonis; Gr. Mew)

lion from the See also:

• BOOK

Book of Revelations, in which Christ is called the " Lion of the tribe of See also:

• JUDAH

Judah." The See also:

• PEACOCK (Lat. Pavo, O. Eng. Pawe, Du. pauuw, Ger. Pfau, Fr. Paon)
• PEACOCK, GEORGE (1791–1858)
• PEACOCK, SIR BARNES (1810-189o)
• PEACOCK, THOMAS LOVE (1785-1866)

peacock stood for See also:

• IMMORTALITY (Lat. in-, not, mortalis, mortal, from mors, death)

immortality; the See also:

• PHOENIX
• PHOENIX (Gr. 4oivt )

phoenix for the Resurrection; the See also:

• DRAGON (Fr. dragon, through Lat. draco, from the Greek; connected with SEpeoµay " see," and interpreted as " sharp-sighted "; O.H. Ger. tracho, dracho, M.H.G. trache, Mod. Ger. Drachen; A.S. draca, hence the equivalent English form " drake," " fire-drake,

dragon or the See also:

• SERPENT (Lat. serpens, creeping, from serpere; cf. "reptile " from repere, Gr.4 ml-eta)

serpent for Satan; and the See also:

• STAG (0. Eng. stagga, a Norse word, cf. Icel. steggr, steggi, a male animal, cf. Steggander, a drake; it is usually referred to stigan, to climb, to mount, but this is doubtful)

stag for the soul thirsting for See also:

• BAPTISM

baptism . The sacred See also:

• MONOGRAM (from Late Lat. monogramma, in Late Gr. µovoypaµµov, from µovos, single, ypaµµa, letter)

monogram Chi Rho, , supposed to have been the See also:

• CELESTIAL, OR STELLAR

celestial sign seen by the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• CONSTANTINE

Constantine on the See also:

• EVE

eve of the defeat of See also:

• MAXENTIUS, MARCUS AURELIUS VALERIUS

Maxentius, represents the two first letters of the Greek word Xpu rros which Constantine figured on his See also:

• LABARUM

labarum, or See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard, and is found on early Christian coins, bearing also the favourite decoration of the See also:

• BYZANTINE

Byzantine sarcophagi . The four evangelical symbols are taken from the book of See also:

• EZEKIEL (SKpm', " God strengthens" or " God is strong "; Sept. 'IE'EKL?)X; Vulg. Ezechiel)

Ezekiel and from the Book of Revelations; thus the winged See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man is St See also:

• MATTHEW, GOSPEL OF ST
• MATTHEW, ST (MaOOaior or MarOaIos, probably a shortened form of the Hebrew equivalent to Theodorus)
• MATTHEW, TOBIAS

Matthew, the winged lion St See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

Mark, the winged ox St See also:

• LUKE
• LUKE, GOSPEL OF ST

Luke and the See also:

• EAGLE (Fr. aigle, from the Lat. aquila)

eagle St John; and these four symbols became the favourite subject for representation in the Church . Besides these the other evangelists and the See also:

• SAINTS, BATTLE OF THE

saints carry emblems by which they may be recognized; thus St See also:

• ANDREW (Gr. 'AvBp4as, manly)
• ANDREW, JOHN ALBION (1818-1867)

Andrew by the See also:

• CROSS

cross, St See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter by the keys, St See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul by the See also:

• SWORD (0. Eng. sweord; ultimately from an Indo-European root meaning to wound)

sword, St See also:

• EDWARD

Edward by a See also:

• CUP (in O.E. cuppe; generally taken to be from Late Lat. cuppa, a variant of Lat. cupa, a cask, cf. Gr. KuaeXXov)

cup and See also:

• DAGGER

dagger, St See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary Magdalene by a See also:

• BOX
• BOX (Gr. irl or, Lat. buxus, box-wood; cf. 2r6Eir, a pyx)

box or See also:

• VASE
• VASE (through Fr. from Lat. vas, a vessel, pl. vasa, of which the singular vasum is rarely found; the ultimate root is probably was-, to cover, seen in Lat: vestis, clothing, Eng. " vest," Gr. to-th c, and also in " wear," of garments)

vase, St See also:

• LAWRENCE
• LAWRENCE (LAURENTIUS, LORENZO), ST
• LAWRENCE, AMOS (1786—1852)
• LAWRENCE, AMOS ADAMS (1814–1886)
• LAWRENCE, GEORGE ALFRED (1827–1876)
• LAWRENCE, JOHN LAIRD MAIR LAWRENCE, 1ST BARON (1811-1879)
• LAWRENCE, SIR HENRY MONTGOMERY (1806–1857)
• LAWRENCE, SIR THOMAS (1769–1830)
• LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775)

Lawrence by a gridiron, St Faith also by a gridiron, &c .