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SYMPHONIA (Gr. o-vµcfrmvla)

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 289 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SYMPHONIA (Gr. o-vµcfrmvla)  , a much discussed word, applied at different times (1) to the bagpipe, (2) to the See also:drum, (3) to the hurdy-gurdy, and finally (4) to a See also:kind of See also:clavichord . The See also:sixth of the musical See also:instruments enumerated in See also:Dan. iii . 5, 10, 15, erroneously translated " See also:dulcimer," in all See also:probability refers to the bagpipe (q.v.) . See also:Symphonia, signifying drum, occurs in the writings of Isidor of See also:Seville . " Tympanum est pellis vel corium ligno ex una parte extentum . Est enim pars See also:media symphoniae in similitudinem cribri . Tympanum autem dictum quod See also:medium est . Unde, et margaritum medium tympanum dicitur, et ipsum ut symphonia ad virgulam percutitur." The reference comparing the tympanum (kettledrum) to See also:half a See also:pearl is borrowed from See also:Pliny (Nat. hist . IX . 35, 23) . Symphonia or Chifonie was applied during the 13th and 14th centuries, in the Latin countries more especially, to the hurdy-gurdy . Symphonia is applied by See also:Praetorius' to an See also:instrument which he classed with the clavichord, See also:spinet, regals and See also:virginal, but without giving any See also:clue to its distinctive characteristics .

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