See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

FRANCOIS See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

JOSEPH See also:

• FRANCOIS JOSEPH TALMA (1763-1826)

TALMA (1763-1826)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French actor, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on the 15th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1763 . His See also:

• FATHER

father, a dentist there, and afterwards in See also:

• LONDON

London, gave him a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• EDUCATION

education, and he returned to Paris, where for a See also:

• YEAR

year and a See also:

• HALF

half he practised See also:

• DENTISTRY (from Lat. dens, a tooth)

dentistry . His predilection for the See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage was cultivated in private theatricals, and on the 21st of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1787 he made his debut at the Comedie Frangaise as Seide in See also:

• VOLTAIRE, FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET DE (1694–1778)

Voltaire's See also:

• MAHOMET (strictly MUHAMMAD, commonly also MOHAMMED)

Mahomet . His efforts from the first won approval, but for a considerable See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he only obtained secondary parts . It was as the jeune premier that he first came prominently into See also:

• NOTICE

notice, ferred to a See also:

• STRIP

strip of See also:

• PARCHMENT

parchment, or See also:

• TELLER, WILHELM ABRAHAM (1734-1804)

teller's See also:

• BILL

bill; this was then thrown down a See also:

• PIPE

pipe into the See also:

• TALLY

tally-See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, a large See also:

• ROOM

room directly under the teller's See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office . In the tally-court were See also:

• OFFICERS

officers of the clerk of the "pelts"1 and of the auditor as representing the See also:

• CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
• CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)

chamberlain of the See also:

• EXCHEQUER

exchequer . The teller's bill was then entered in the introitus or See also:

• RECEIPT (M.E. receite, derived through Fr. from Lat. recepta, participle of recipere, to receive)

receipt-See also:

• BOOK

book by the officer of the clerk of the pells, and in another book, called the bill of the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day, by the auditor's clerk . A tally was then made of the teller's bill, and it was given on application, generally on the following day. to the See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person paying in the See also:

• MONEY

money . At the end of the day, the bill of the day was passed on to the clerk of the See also:

• CASH

cash-book, by whom all the day's receipts were entered (see the " See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

Account " of Public Income and See also:

• EXPENDITURE

Expenditure, See also:

• PART

part ii. app . 13, See also:

• JULY

July 1869, by H . W . Chisholm) .

The practice of issuing wooden tallies was ordered to be discontinued by an See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of 1782; this act came into force on the See also:

• DEATH

death of the last of the chamberlains in 1826 . The returned tallies were stored in the room which had formerly been the See also:

• STAR

Star-chamber . This room was completely filled by them, so that in 1834, when it was desired to use the room, the tallies were ordered to be destroyed . They were used as See also:

• FUEL (O. Fr. feuaile, popular Lat. focalia, from focus, hearth, fire)

fuel for the 1 So called from the pelts or sheepskins (See also:

• LAT

Lat. pellis, skin) on which the records were written . The clerk of the pelts was originally the private clerk of the treasurer . His See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty was to keep See also:

• SEPARATE

separate records of all monies entering and leaving the exchequer . These records were kept on two rolls, the pellis introitus, or pelts receipt See also:

• ROLL (O. Fr. rolle, roulle, mod. role, Lat. rotulus, dim. of rota, wheel)
• ROLL, ALFRED PHILIPPE (1846– )

roll, and the pellis exitus, or pells issue roll . The office gradually became a See also:

• SINECURE (Lat. sine cura, without care)

sinecure, its duties being discharged by See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

deputy . Previously to 1783 the See also:

• SALARY

salary of the office was derived from fees and percentages, but in that year See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament settled the salary at £1500 a year . The office was abolished in 1834.and he attained only gradually to his unrivalled position as the exponent of strong and concentrated See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

passion . See also:

• TALMA, FRANCOIS JOSEPH (1763-1826)

Talma was among the earliest See also:

• ADVOCATES, FACULTY OF

advocates of See also:

• REALISM (from Low Lat. realis, appertaining to res, things, as opposed to ideas and imaginations)

realism in scenery and See also:

• COSTUME
• COSTUME (through the Fr. costume, from Ital. costume, Late Lat. costuma, a contracted form of Lat. consuetudinem, ace. of consuetudo, custom, habit, manner, &c.)

costume, being aided by his friend the painter See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David . His first See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay in this direction took the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of appearing in the small role of Proculus in Voltaire's See also:

• BRUTUS (originally an adjective meaning " heavy," "stupid," kindred with Gr. aap(s, cf. Eng. " brute," " brutal")

Brutus, with a toga and See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head-See also:

• DRESS (from the Fr. dresser, to set out, arrange, formed from Lat. directus, arranged, dirigere, to direct, arrange)

dress, much to the surprise of an See also:

• AUDIENCE (from Lat. audire, to hear)

audience accustomed to 18th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century costume on the stage, and heedless whether or not it suited the part played .

Talma possessed in perfection the See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical gifts fitting him to excel in the highest tragedy, an admirably proportioned figure, a striking countenance, and a See also:

• VOICE (Fr. voix, from Lat. vox)

voice of great beauty and See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, which, after he had conquered a certain thickness of utterance, enabled him to acquire a matchless elocution . At first somewhat See also:

• STILTED

stilted and monotonous in his manner, he became by perfection of See also:

• ART

art a See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model of simplicity . Talma married Julie Carreau, a See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich and talented See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

lady in whose See also:

• SALON

salon were to be met the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• GIRONDISTS (Fr. Girondins)

Girondists . The actor was an intimate friend of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon, who delighted in his society, and even, on his return from See also:

• ELBA (Gr. AiWaXla; Lat. Ilva)

Elba, forgave him for performing before See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XVIII . In 1808 the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor had taken him to See also:

• ERFURT

Erfurt and made him See also:

• PLAY

play the Mort de Cesar to a See also:

• COMPANY

company of crowned heads . Five years later he took him also to See also:

• DRESDEN

Dresden . Talma was also a friend of See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph See also:

• CHENIER
• CHENIER, ANDRE DE (1762-1794)

Chenier, See also:

• DANTON, GEORGE JACQUES (1759-1794)

Danton, Camille See also:

• DESMOULINS, LUCIE SIMPLICE CAMILLE BENOIST (1760-1794)

Desmoulins and other revolutionists . It was in Chenier's See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-monarchical See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles IX., produced on the 4th of November 1789, that a prophetic See also:

• COUPLET

couplet on the destruction of the See also:

• BASTILLE (from Fr. bastir, now bdtir, to build)

Bastille made the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house burst into a salvo of See also:

• APPLAUSE (Lat. applaudere, to strike upon, clap)

applause, led by See also:

• MIRABEAU, ANDRE BONIFACE LOUIS RIQUETI, VICOMTE DE (1754-1792)
• MIRABEAU, HONORS GABRIEL RIQUETI, COMTE DE (1749-1791)
• MIRABEAU, VICTOR RIQUETI, MARQUIS DE (1715-1789)

Mirabeau . This play was responsible for the See also:

• POLITICAL

political dissensions in the Comedie Frangaise which resulted in the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment, under Talma, of a new See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre known for a time as the Theatre de la Republique, on the site of the See also:

• PRESENT

present Theatre See also:

• FRANCAIS, ANTOINE, COUNT (1756-1836)

Francais . Here he won his greatest triumphs . Further development in costume and make-up was shown in his stage portrait of See also:

• JEAN

Jean Jacques See also:

• ROUSSEAU, JACQUES (1633-1693)
• ROUSSEAU, JEAN BAPTISTE (1671-1741)
• ROUSSEAU, JEAN JACQUES (1712-1778)
• ROUSSEAU, PIERRE ETIENNE THEODORE (1812–1867); French painter of the Barbizon school, was born in Paris on the 15th of April 1812, of a bourgeois family which included one or two artists. At first he received a business training, but soon displayed aptitu

Rousseau (1790), pronounced a wonderful likeness in Le journaliste See also:

• DES

des ombres . In 18or he divorced his wife, and in 1802 married See also:

• CHARLOTTE

Charlotte Vanhove, an actress of the Comedic Francaise .

He made his last See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance on the See also:

• FIRTH, CHARLES HARDING (1857– )
• FIRTH, MARK (1819-1880)

firth of See also:

• JUNE

June 1826 as Charles VI. in Delaville's tragedy, and he died in Paris on the 19th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October of that year . Talma was the author of Memaires de See also:

• LEKAIN

Lekain, precedes de reflexions sur See also:

• EEL

eel acteur et sur fart thedtral, contributed to the Collection des memoires sur l'art dramatique, and published separately (1856) as Reflexions de Talma sur Lekain et l'art thedtral . See Menzoires de F . J . Talnza, ecri-ts See also:

• PAR (Lat. par, equal)

par lui-meme, et recueillis et mis en ordee sur See also:

• LES

les papiers de sa famille, by Alex . See also:

• DUMAS, ALEXANDRE
• DUMAS, ALEXANDRE [" DUMAS FILS"] (1824-1895)
• DUMAS, GUILLAUME MATHIEU, COUNT (1753-1837)
• DUMAS, JEAN BAPTISTE ANDRE (1800-1884)

Dumas (185o) .