TENNESSEE  , a See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South Central See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of the See also:

• UNITED

United States of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• AMERICA

America, lying between See also:

• LATITUDE (Lat. latitudo, latus, broad)

latitude 350 and latitude 36° 40' N. and between See also:

• LONGITUDE (from Lat. longitudo, " length ")

longitude 81° 37' and longitude 90° 28' W . It is bounded on the N. by See also:

• KENTUCKY

Kentucky and See also:

• VIRGINIA
• VIRGINIA, or VERGINIA
• VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF

Virginia along a See also:

• LINE

line which, because of erroneous surveys, varies considerably, See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of the Tennessee See also:

• RIVER

river, from the intended boundary—the line of latitude 36° 30' N.—the See also:

• VARIATIONS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS OF

variations all being measured to the north of that parallel; on the E. by North Carolina along the line of the See also:

• CREST
• CREST (Lat. crista, a plume or tuft)

crest of the culminating See also:

• RIDGE (a word. common to many Teutonic languages, meaning " back," whether of a man or an animal, cf. German Rucke)
• RIDGE, WILLIAM PETT (1864- )

ridge of the Unaka Mountains till within 26 m. of the See also:

• GEORGIA

Georgia frontier, where it turns due south, giving to Tennessee a triangular piece of territory which should have belonged to North Carolina; on the S. by Georgia, See also:

• ALABAMA

Alabama and See also:

• MISSISSIPPI

Mississippi along the 35th parallel of N. See also:

• LAT

lat.; on the W. by the Mississippi river which separates it from See also:

• ARKANSAS

Arkansas and See also:

• MISSOURI

Missouri . The extreme length of the state from E. to W. is 432 m., and the extreme breadth is 109 m. its See also:

• AREA

area being 42,022 sq. m., of which 335 sq. m. is See also:

• WATER

water See also:

• SURFACE

surface . See also:

• PHYSICAL

Physical Features.—Tennessee is traversed in the east by the Unaka Ridges of the Older Appalachian Mountains and by the See also:

• GREAT

Great Appalachian Valley; in the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle by the See also:

• CUMBERLAND
• CUMBERLAND, DUKES AND EARLS OF
• CUMBERLAND, RICHARD (1632-1718)
• CUMBERLAND, RICHARD (1732-1811)
• CUMBERLAND, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS

Cumberland See also:

• PLATEAU (a French term, older platel, for a flat piece of wood, metal, &c., from plat, flat)
• PLATEAU, JOSEPH ANTOINE FERDINAND (1801-1883)

Plateau, the Highland Rim Plateau, and the See also:

• NASHVILLE

Nashville See also:

• BASIN, or BASON (the older form bacin is found in many of the Romanic languages, from the Late Lat. baccinus or bacchinus, probably derived from bacca, a bowl)
• BASIN, THOMAS (1412—1491)

Basin of the Appalachian Plateau; and in the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west by the Gulf Coastal Plains and a narrow See also:

• STRIP

strip of the Mississippi See also:

• FLOOD (in O. Eng. flod, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Flut, Dutch vloed, from the same root as is seen in " flow," " float ")
• FLOOD, HENRY (1732-1791)

Flood See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

Plain . From a maximum See also:

• ELEVATION

elevation of 6636 ft. at See also:

• MOUNT, WILLIAM SIDNEY (1807-1868)

Mount See also:

• GUYOT, ARNOLD HENRY (18o7–1884)
• GUYOT, YVES (1843– )

Guyot on the North Carolina border, in See also:

• SEVIER, JOHN (1745-1815)

Sevier See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county, the surface descends to 117 ft. or less on the Mississippi Flood Plain in the S.W. corner of the state . The See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general slope, however, is west by north . About 1700 sq. m. are at least 2000 ft. above the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea, but 28,200 sq. m. are less than moo ft. above the sea, and the mean elevation of the state is approximately 900 ft . The Unaka Mountains, which occupy a See also:

• BELT (a word common to Teutonic languages, the Old Ger. form being bale, from which the Lat. balteus probably derived)
• BELT, THOMAS (1832-1878)

belt 8 to 10 m. wide along its E. border, are a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of somewhat irregular ridges See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed on complexly folded and faulted crystalline rocks . Sixteen peaks exceed 6000 ft. in height . They are Mount Guyot (6636 ft.), Clirgman See also:

• DOME (Lat domus, house; Ital. duomo, cathedral)

Dome (6619 ft.), Mount Le See also:

• CONTE

Conte (6612 ft,), Mount See also:

• CURTIS, GEORGE TICKNOR (1812-1894)
• CURTIS, GEORGE WILLIAM (1824-1892)

Curtis (6568 ft.), Mount Safford (6835 ft.), Mount Love (6443 ft.), Mount See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry (6373 ft.), See also:

• ROAN (0. Fr. rouan, rouen; Ital. roano, rovano; perhaps connected with rufus, red)

Roan See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

Mountain (6313 ft.), Luftee Knob (6232 ft.), See also:

• PECK

Peck See also:

• PEAK, THE

Peak (6232 ft.), See also:

• RAVEN (O.E. hrafn, ,Icel. hrafn, Dan. ravn, Du. raaf, Ger. Rabe)

Raven Knob (6230 ft.), Mount See also:

• COLLINS, ANTHONY (1676-1729)
• COLLINS, JOHN CHURTON (1848-1908)
• COLLINS, MORTIMER (1827-1876)
• COLLINS, WILLIAM (1721-1759)
• COLLINS, WILLIAM (1787–1847)
• COLLINS, WILLIAM WILKIE (1824–1889)

Collins (6188 ft.), Tricorner Knob (6i88 ft.), Thermometer Knob (6157 ft.), Oconee Mountain (6135 ft.), and See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

Master Knob (6013 ft.) . That See also:

• PART

part of the Great Appalachian Valley which traverses Tennessee is commonly known as the Valley of East Tennessee . It consists of parallel ridges and valleys developed by erosion on folded sandstones, shales and limestones, the valley quality predominating because the weak limestones were of great thickness .

The valley areas vary in height from 600 ft. in the south-west to moo ft. in the north-east . In the north-east the ridges are more numerous and higher than in the south-west, where See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

White See also:

• OAK (O. Eng., (lc)

Oak Ridge and See also:

• TAYLOR
• TAYLOR, ANN (1782-1866)
• TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)
• TAYLOR, BROOK (1685–1731)
• TAYLOR, ISAAC (1787-1865)
• TAYLOR, ISAAC (1829-1901)
• TAYLOR, JEREMY (1613-1667)
• TAYLOR, JOHN (158o-1653)
• TAYLOR, JOHN (1704-1766)
• TAYLOR, JOSEPH (c. 1586-c. 1653)
• TAYLOR, MICHAEL ANGELO (1757–1834)
• TAYLOR, NATHANIEL WILLIAM (1786-1858)
• TAYLOR, PHILIP MEADOWS (1808–1876)
• TAYLOR, ROWLAND (d. 1555)
• TAYLOR, SIR HENRY (1800-1886)
• TAYLOR, THOMAS (1758-1835)
• TAYLOR, TOM (1817-1880)
• TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836)
• TAYLOR, ZACHARY (1784-1850)

Taylor's Mountain are among the highest, although Missionary and Chickamauga Ridges are better known, because of their association with battles of the See also:

• CIVIL

Civil See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War . Along the north-west border of the valley a steep escarpment, known as the Cumberland Scarp, rises to the Cumberland Plateau . This plateau has a mean elevation of about 2000 ft., is only slightly See also:

• ROLLING

rolling, and slopes gently toward the north-west . The W. edge of the plateau is much broken by deep indentations of stream valleys, and drops suddenly downward about r000 ft. to the Highland Rim Plateau, so named from the scarp formed by its western rim about the Nashville and (farther north) See also:

• LOUISVILLE

Louisville basins . It is generally level except where it is cut by river valleys . The Nashville Basin, with a more rolling surface, lies for the most part 400 to 600 ft. below the Rim; a few hills or ridges, however, rise to the level of the Rim . The Basin is elliptical in See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, extending nearly across the state from N.E. to S.W., with an extreme width of about 6o m.; near its centre is the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• MURFREESBORO

Murfreesboro, and Nashville lies in the north-west . Westward from the See also:

• LOWER

Lower Tennessee river the surface of the East Gulf Coastal Plain rises rapidly to the See also:

• SUMMIT

summit of a broken See also:

• CUESTA

cuesta or ridge and then descends gently and terminates619 abruptly in a See also:

• BLUFF (a word of uncertain origin; possibly connected with an obsolete Dutch word, blaf, broad)

bluff overlooking the Mississippi Flood Plain . The E. slope, about one-See also:

• FOURTH

fourth the length of the W. slope, is steep and rocky, and the W. slope is broken by the valleys of numerous streams . The bluff, 150 to 200 ft. in height, traverses the state in a rather straight course and between it and the meandering Mississippi, except at a few points where the latter touches it, See also:

• LIE, JONAS LAURITZ EDEMIL (1833—1908)
• LIE, MARIUS SOPHUS (1842–1899)

lie See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low bottom lands varying in width according to the bends of the river and containing numerous swamps and ponds . In the See also:

• NORTHERN

northern portion, principally in See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

Lake county, is Reelfoot Lake, which occupies a depression formed during an See also:

• EARTHQUAKE

earthquake in 1811 .

It is 18 rn See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, has a maximum width of 3 m., and is the only large lake in the state . The whole of the Appalachian See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

Province of Tennessee and the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern portion of the Cumberland Plateau, the Highland Rim, and the See also:

• LOWLAND

Lowland Basin are drained southward and westward by the Tennessee river and its tributaries . The valley of the Lower Tennessee is drained northward by the same river . The northern portion of the Cumberland Plateau, Highland Rim, and Lowland Basin are drained northward and westward by the Cumberland river and its tributaries . The western slope of the East Gulf Plains is drained directly into the Mississippi by several small streams . See also:

• FAUNA

Fauna.—A few See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black bears inhabit the Unaka Mountain region . See also:

• DEER (O. E. rigor, dfor, a common Teutonic word, meaning a wild animal, cf. Ger. Tier, Du. dier, &c., probably from a root dhus-, to breathe)
• DEER, CHINESE

Deer are quite numerous in the forests of the east See also:

• HALF

half of the state . The See also:

• WOLF
• WOLF (Canis lupus)
• WOLF, FRIEDRICH AUGUST (1759-1824)
• WOLF, HUGO (1860-1903)
• WOLF, JOSEPH (1820-1899)

wolf, See also:

• FOX
• FOX, C
• FOX, CHARLES JAMES (1749-1806)
• FOX, EDWARD (c. 1496-1538)
• FOX, GEORGE (1624-1691)
• FOX, RICHARD (c. 1448-1528)
• FOX, ROBERT WERE (1789—1877)
• FOX, SIR STEPHEN (1627–1716)
• FOX, SIR WILLIAM (1812-1893)

fox, See also:

• LYNX (Lat. Lynx, Gr. airy, probably connected with X hovewv, to see)

lynx (" wildcat "), See also:

• OTTER
• OTTER (0. Eng. ate, otor, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch and Ger. Otter, Dan. odder, Swed. utter; it is to be referred to the root seen in Gr. 6&ep, water)
• OTTER, SEA

otter, See also:

• MINK

mink and See also:

• BEAVER
• BEAVER (from Fr. baviere, a child's bib, from bane, saliva)

beaver have become rare . Squirrels, rabbits, See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood-chucks, skunks, muskrats and opossums are See also:

• COMMON

common . Among See also:

• GAME

game-birds there are a few See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild turkeys, wild geese and bob-white (locally " See also:

• PARTRIDGE (Du. Patrijs, Fr. perdrix, from Lat. perdix, apparently onomatopoeic from the call of the bird)
• PARTRIDGE, JOHN BERNARD (1861– )
• PARTRIDGE, WILLIAM ORDWAY (1861– )

partridge "), and greater See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers of See also:

• GROUSE

grouse and various ducks; among See also:

• SONG

song-birds the See also:

• ROBIN

robin, bluebird and mocking-See also:

• BIRD

bird are common; and there are also woodpeckers, whippoorwills, blackbirds, See also:

• HAWKS, FRANCIS LISTER (1798-1866)

hawks, owls, crows and buzzards . There are a few speckled See also:

• TROUT (Salmo trutta)

trout in the mountain streams, but the commoner See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish are See also:

• BASS
• BASS (the same word as " base," and so pronounced, but influenced in spelling by the Ital. basso)

bass, See also:

• PERCH (through Fr. from Lat. perca, Gr. 7rEpKo; the last word is connected with 2repev6r, dark-coloured, spotted)
• PERCH (through Fr. perche from Lat. pertica, a pole or rod used for measurement)

perch, catfish, crappies, See also:

• PIKE
• PIKE, ZEBULON MONTGOMERY (1779-1813)

pike, See also:

• DRUM (early forms drome or dromme, a word common to many Teut. languages, cf. Dan. tromme, Ger. Trommel: the word is ultimately the same as " trumpet," and is probably onomatopoeic in origin; it appears late in Eng. about the middle of the 16th century)

drum See also:

• BUFFALO

buffalo, See also:

• CARP

carp, suckers and eels . Rattlesnakes and moccasins, or cottonmouths, both venomous, are occasionally seen .

See also:

• FLORA

Flora.—Originally the state was well covered with forests, and about one-half of it is still woodland containing a large variety of trees . On the mountains the trees are chiefly pines, firs, spruce and See also:

• HEMLOCK (in O. Eng. hemlic or hymlice; no cognate is found in any other language, and the origin is unknown)

hemlock . In the swamps of the western part of the state, especially on the Mississippi Flood Plain, the See also:

• CYPRESS (Cupressus)

cypress is dominant . In the Lowland Basin small groves of what was once an extensive See also:

• FOREST

forest of red See also:

• CEDAR (Lat. cedrus, Gr. iapos)

cedar remain . See also:

• POPLAR
• POPLAR (Lat. Populus)

Poplar and See also:

• LARCH (from the Ger. Larche, M.H.G. Lerche, Lat. larix)

larch are much more abundant in the western than in the eastern half of the state, and See also:

• PINE (Lat. Pinus, Gr. srlrur)

pine is much more abundant in the eastern than in the western half . But in most parts of the state there are mixed forests of white oak, red oak, ash, red See also:

• GUM (Fr. gomme, Lat. gommi, Gr. Kµµ1, possibly a Coptic word; distinguish " gum," the fleshy covering of the base of a tooth, in O. Eng. gbma, palate, cf. Ger. Gaumen, roof of the mouth; the ultimate origin is probably the root gha, to open wide, seen in

gum, black gum, See also:

• MAPLE, SIR JOHN BLUNDELL, BART

maple, See also:

• HICKORY

hickory, See also:

• CHESTNUT (nux Castanea)

chestnut, sycamore, See also:

• MAGNOLIA

magnolia, See also:

• TULIP (Tulipa)

tulip See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree, See also:

• CHERRY

cherry, pecan, See also:

• WALNUT (Juglans)

walnut, See also:

• ELM

elm, See also:

• BEECH

beech, See also:

• LOCUST

locust and See also:

• PERSIMMON

persimmon . See also:

• BIRCH
• BIRCH (Betula)
• BIRCH, SAMUEL (1813–1885)
• BIRCH, THOMAS (1705-1766)

Birch, mulberry, See also:

• LINDEN

linden, See also:

• WILLOW (Salix)

willow, bass-wood, See also:

• DOGWOOD (i.e. wood of the dog-tree; referred by the New English Dictionary to " dog," apparently as indicating inferiority; but by others connected with " (lag," " dagger," and by Prior with A.S. dolt, a brooch-pin)

dogwood, the See also:

• SORREL

sorrel tree, pawpaw and wild See also:

• PLUM

plum are common, There are a few varieties of the rare shittimwuod tree (Bumelia lanuginosa) . Among indigenous shrubs and vines are the See also:

• HAZEL (0. Eng. hresell; cf. Ger. Hasel, Swed. and Dan. Kassel, &c.,; Fr. noiselier, coudrier)

hazel, See also:

• BLACKBERRY, or BRAMBLE

blackberry, See also:

• GOOSEBERRY

gooseberry, whortleberry, See also:

• HUCKLEBERRY

huckleberry, See also:

• GRAPE

grape and See also:

• CRANBERRY

cranberry . See also:

• BLUE (common in different forms to most European languages)

Blue grass is indigenous in the Lowland Basin . Of numerous medicinal herbs See also:

• GINSENG

ginseng is the most important . See also:

• CLIMATE

Climate: Tennessee is noted for its delightful climate . The mean summer temperature ranges according to elevation from 62° F. on the Unaka Mountains to 72° on the Cumberland Plateau, to 75° in the Valley of East Tennessee and on the Highland Rim, to 77° in the Lowland Basin, and to about 78° on the East Gulf Plains .

But the mean See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter temperature for each of these divisions varies little from 38°, and the mean See also:

• ANNUAL

annual temperature ranges only from 57° in East Tennessee to 58° in Middle Tennessee and to 60° in West Tennessee . The See also:

• ALTITUDE (Lat. altitudo, from altus, high)

altitude being the same, the mean annual temperature on the south border of the state is about 2° higher than that on the north border . Usually the highest temperatures of the See also:

• YEAR

year are in See also:

• JULY

July and the lowest in See also:

• JANUARY

January . In some regions there 1s no See also:

• RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

record of a temperature as high as 100°; in others there is none as low as –to°; and the See also:

• AVERAGE

average See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute range is about 90° . However, during a See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of fifty-four years (1854–1908) the records show a range of extremes from -30° at See also:

• ERASMUS, DESIDERIUS (1466–1536)

Erasmus, Cumber-See also:

• LAND

land county, in See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1899, to 107° at several places in July 1901 . Rarely there are killing frosts, especially in the southern and western parts of the state from the third See also:

• WEEK (from A.S. wicu, Germanic *wikon, probably=change, turn)

week in See also:

• APRIL

April to the middle of See also:

• OCTOBER

October . An average annual precipitation of about 5o in. is quite equally distributed over the state and a little more than one-half of it 1s well distributed through the See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring and summer months . The average annual snowfall is about 8 in., and the snowfalls are usually See also:

• LIGHT

light and melt within a few days . The average number of clear, See also:

• FAIR

fair, or only partly cloudy days during a year in Tennessee is 260 . The warm, moisture-bearing winds See also:

• BLOW, JOHN (1648-1708)

blow low from the south or south-west with a See also:

• FREE

free sweep across the state in a direction nearly parallel with the trend of the mountains . Above these are upper currents from the north or north-west . The commingling of the two currents gives rise frequently to See also:

• WESTERLY

westerly and occasionally to easterly winds .

The average velocity of the winds is comparatively low and violent storms' are rare . See also:

• SOIL

Soil.—The Lowland Basin, the less elevated parts of the Valley of East Tennessee, and parts of the See also:

• OUTER

outer portion of the Highland Rim have a fertile See also:

• LIMESTONE

limestone soil . The deep See also:

• DEPOSIT (Lat. depositurn, from deponere, to lay down, to put in the care of)

deposit of silt on the Mississippi Flood Plain is even more fertile . There are narrow strips of See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich See also:

• ALLUVIUM

alluvium along many other See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers . The soils on the mountains, on the ridges of the Valley of East Tennessee, and on the E. slope of the East Gulf Plains vary greatly according to the rocks from which they are derived . In the Cumberland Plateau, in the inner portion of the Highland Rim, and in the W. slope of the East Gulf Plains there is for the most part a light sandy soil, much of it too poor for cultivation . See also:

• AGRICULTURE
• AGRICULTURE (from Lat. ages, field, and colere, to cultivate)
• AGRICULTURE, BOARD OF

Agriculture.—The See also:

• TOTAL

total area of farms in the state in 1900 was 20,342,058 acres, of which about one-half was classed as " improved." The average See also:

• SIZE

size was 90.6 acres, and the average number of acres of improved land per See also:

• FARM

farm was 45.6 . Of the total farm acreage 68.8 per cent. was held or operated by owners or part owners, 9'4 per cent. by See also:

• CASH

cash tenants, 17.4 per cent. by See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share tenants, and the See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder under See also:

• MISCELLANEOUS

miscellaneous See also:

• TENURE (Fr. tenure, from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenure . Some 15.1 per cent. of all the farms were operated by coloured farmers, who in 1899 produced 22.2 per cent. of the agricultural products of the state, not fed to live stock . The total value of farms, including buildings, was $265,150,750 (the value of buildings being 23.8 per cent. of the total); in addition implements and machinery valued at $15,232,670 were employed . The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal products and their values in 1909 were: See also:

• WHEAT
• WHEAT (Triticum)

wheat, 8,320,000 bushels ($9,568,000); See also:

• INDIAN

Indian See also:

• CORN (a common Teutonic word; cf. Lat. granum, seed, grain)
• CORN (fromm Lat. corms, horn)

corn, 78,650,000 bushels ($55,055,000); oats, 4,000,000 bushels ($2,120,000); See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton, 240,000 See also:

• BALES [BALESIUS], PETER (1547–1610?)

bales; See also:

• TOBACCO

tobacco, 53,290,000 Ib, ($4,156,620) . The average yield per See also:

• ACRE
• ACRE, or AQUIRY

acre in 1909 was, of wheat 10.4 bushels, of Indian corn 22 bushels, of cotton (1908) 218 lb, of tobacco 730 lb .

Cotton is not raised to any extent except in the rich alluvial land of the Mississippi Valley . Tennessee ranked fifth among the tobacco-growing states in 1899 and fourth in 1909 . Considerable areas in the central part of the state are admirably adapted for grazing and the raising of See also:

• FINE

fine horses and See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle . The value of live stock on farms and ranges on the 1st of January 1910 was as follows: horses, $36,288,000; mules, $35,670,000; milch cows, $8,828,000; other cattle, $7,797,000; See also:

• SWINE

swine, $8,216,000 . See also:

• MINING

Mining.—Previous to the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of the Civil War (1865) mining had been carried on upon a comparatively small See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale, but immediately thereafter See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention was attracted to the extensive and valuable deposits of See also:

• COAL

coal and See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron ore, and their development was begun on a large scale . The minerals of most commercial importance are coal, iron ores, See also:

• COPPER (symbol Cu, atomic weight 63.1, H=1, or 63.6, O = 16)

copper ores, See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble and phosphate See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

rock . About 5000 sq. m., or almost one-eighth of the area of the state, is underlaid by the coal See also:

• MEASURES

measures, which occupy a belt in the Cumber-land Plateau from 5o to 70 M. wide extending entirely across the easterly part of the state in a north-easterly, south-westerly direction . The coal is of the soft or " bituminous " See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind, generally of excellent quality, and much of it suitable for See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

conversion Into See also:

• GAS

gas and See also:

• COKE (a northern English word, possibly connected with " colk," core)
• COKE, SIR EDWARD (1552-1634)
• COKE, SIR JOHN (1563-1644)
• COKE, THOMAS (1747-1814)

coke, of which latter 468,092 long tons were produced in 1905 . The mining of coal in the state has developed rapidly in connexion with the notable expansion of the iron and See also:

• STEEL, FLORA ANNIE (1847– )

steel See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries of the South . In 1908 the product was 6,199,171 tons, valued at $7,118,499 . Iron ore is found and has been See also:

• MINED

mined in many places in the state . The deposits of most commercial importance are the limonites and See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown hematites found west of the Cumberland Plateau, and the fossiliferous red hematite which crops out along the eastern See also:

• BASE

base of that plateau .

In the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• HISTORY

history of Tennessee iron of See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior quality was produced, in small See also:

• CHARCOAL

charcoal furnaces, from the brown hematites of the central part of the state . A little later, considerable quantities of this iron were shipped and marketed at See also:

• PITTSBURG
• PITTSBURG, or PITTSBURGH

Pittsburg . After the close of the Civil War (1865) the iron resources of the state attracted renewed attention, particularly the brown and red hematites, and large and See also:

• MODERN

modern furnaces were erected in the See also:

• CHATTANOOGA

Chattanooga See also:

• DISTRICT

district to reduce these ores . The output of iron ore was 874,542 tons (valued at $1,123,527) in 1902, when Tennessee ranked fifth among the iron ore producing states . Owing to the See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial depression following 1907 the output was only 635,343 tons, valued at $876,007, in 1908 . The only copper mines of industrial importance are the Ducktown mines in the extreme south-eastern corner of the state . Copper has been mined here since 1847, and notwithstanding the difficulties of transportation through a rough mountain region, mines were rapidly developed, and in 1855 over 14,000 tons of ore, See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

worth more than a million dollars, were marketed . These mines were the principal source of the See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply of copper for the Confederate States during the Civil War . The opening, in 1869, of a railway passing directly through the mining territory, made it possible to See also:

• WORK

work the mines more profitably, and operations were developed on a large scale . In 1908, 618,806 See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short tons of ore were mined, producing, from the smelters on the ground, 19,710,103 lb of metallic copper . The ore is a sulphide, and in 1898 an extensive plant was erected to manufacture sulphuric See also:

• ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid as a by-product . In 1892–1893 large deposits of phosphate rock of high quality were discovered in the central-southern part of the state about 6o m. south-west of Nashville, and the rapid development of quarries was begun .

The output increased from 19,188 tons in 1894 to 638,612 tons (valued at $3,047,836) in 1907, when Tennessee ranked second among the states of the See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

Union in the See also:

• PRODUCTION (Lat. productionem, from producere, to pro-duce)

production of phosphate-rock . The introduction of this new supply had a marked effect on the fertilizer business of the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . Inexhaustible deposits of marble are fond in Eastern Tennessee in an area about too m. long by 20 m.Wide, the centre of whichis See also:

• KNOX, HENRY (1750-1806)
• KNOX, JOHN (c. 1505–1572)
• KNOX, PHILANDER CHASE (1853– )

Knox county, the deposits extending southward into Georgia . These See also:

• MARBLES

marbles are of a distinctive See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, being usually mottled in See also:

• BRIGHT, JOHN (1811-188g)
• BRIGHT, SIR CHARLES TILSTON

bright shades of red, See also:

• PINK

pink, See also:

• CHOCOLATE

chocolate and See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

grey . They are employed principally for interior decoration, and. were thus largely used in the capitol at Nashville and in the See also:

• NATIONAL

National Capitol at See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington . Systematic See also:

• QUARRYING

quarrying of these marbles was begun as early as 1838, and the output of the quarries has constantly increased since the Civil War . In 1908 Tennessee produced 179 ozs. of fine See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold and 57,696 ozs. of fine See also:

• SILVER

silver, a part of each coming, as a by-product, from the copper refineries . See also:

• ZINC

Zinc ore is mined on a small scale in the eastern part of the state, the product in 1908 being 341 short tons of metallic zinc valued at $32,054 . Among the other minerals found and mined to a limited extent are See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead, See also:

• MANGANESE (symbol Mn; atomic weight, 54.93 (0=16)], a metallic chemical element. Its dioxide (pyrolusite)

manganese, See also:

• BARYTES

barytes, fluorspar, See also:

• SLATE (properly CLAY SLATE; in M. Eng. slat or sclat, from O. Fr. esclat, a small piece of wood used as a tile; esclater, to break into pieces, whence modern Fr. eclat, the root being seen also in Ger. schleissen, to split)

slate, See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite and See also:

• PETROLEUM (Lat. Petra, rock, and oleuin, oil)

petroleum . The total value of all minerals was $19,277,031 in 1908 . Manufactures.—To an unusual degree the natural resources of the state supply the raw material for its manufactures . The ownership of industrial establishments is largely in the hands of individuals, firms, and comparatively small corporations, rather than of large combinations, the average See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital per See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment in 1905 being about $32,000 .

The amount of capital invested in manufacturing in 1880 was $20,092,845, and the value of the products was $37,074,886 . In 1905 capitalization (under the factory See also:

• SYSTEM

system) had increased to $102,439,481, and value of products to $137,960,476 . This rapid industrial growth has been due in no small degree to the great natural resources of the state and its excellent transportation facilities . Judged by the value of products, regardless of cost of materials used, the See also:

• FLOUR

flour and grist See also:

• MILL
• MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)
• MILL, JAMES (1773-1836)
• MILL, JOHN (c. 1645–1707)
• MILL, JOHN STUART (1806-1873)

mill See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry ranked first in 1905 ($25,350,758) . Second in importance was the See also:

• TIMBER

timber and See also:

• LUMBER

lumber industry and lumber products ($21,580,120.) The state has always held an important See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in the iron and steel industry . The capital invested in blast furnaces in 1905 was $5,939,783, they employed 1486 persons, and the value of their products was $3,428,049 . The foundries and See also:

• MACHINE
• MACHINE (through Fr. from Lat. form machina of Gr. µnxavil)

machine shops of the state had a capital of $5,516,453, they gave employment to over 4000 persons, and the value of their products was $6,946,567 . These figures are exclusive of the numerous and large railway repair shops, the value of whose products was $5,839,445 . The manufacture of See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather is another important industry . Large tanneries were attracted to the state, soon after the Civil War, by the abundance of tan bark in the forests, and the cheapness of labour . In 1905 $4,013,289 was invested in the manufacture of leather, and the products were valued at $3,583,871 . In 1905 the textile industry had an invested capital of $8,583,133, and a product valued at $6,895,203 .

The manufacture of cotton goods was the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief sub-See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the industry, employing 153,375 spindles, 3008 looms and 1787 See also:

• KNITTING (from O.E. cnyttan, to knit; cf. Ger. Knutten; the root is seen in " knot ")

knitting See also:

• MACHINES

machines . The See also:

• PRINTING (from Lat. imprimere, O. Fr. empreindre)

printing and See also:

• PUBLISHING

publishing industry of the state had an invested capital of $4,408,584 and products valued at $5,063,580 . The manufacture of See also:

• MALT (O. Eng., mealt; O. Sax., malt; O. Tent., maltos; Mod. Ger., Malz; Scand., malt; probably derived from the Sanskrit mrdu, soft, thus having reference to the fact that malt is raw grain rendered soft or tender)

malt and distilled liquors employed (1905) a capital of $3,220,899, and the value of the product was $2,400,256 . Among the other important manufacturing industries of the state and the value of their products in 1905 are: men's clothing, $2,961,581; patent medicines, $2,680,610; cotton-See also:

• SEED (from the root seen in Lat. serere, to sow)

seed oil and oil cake, $3,743,927; tobacco, $404,241; artificial See also:

• ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice, $727,263; agricultural implements, $768,895; and coke, $809,801 . Transportation.—The railway mileage of Tennessee increased from I253 m. in 1860 to 3184 in 1900, and 3480 on the 1st of January 1909 . The principal See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways operating in the state in 1910 were the Louisville & Nashville, the Nashville, Chattanooga & St See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis, the See also:

• CINCINNATI

Cincinnati Southern and the Southern . The navigable water-ways include the Mississippi river (which forms the western boundary of the state) ; the Tennessee river, navigable throughout its length, from See also:

• KNOXVILLE

Knoxville; and the Cumberland river, navigable throughout its length in the state . Chattanooga, Knoxville, See also:

• MEMPHIS

Memphis and Nashville are ports of entry . See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

Population.—The total population in 1880 was 1,542,359; in 1890, 1,767,518; in 1900, 2,020,616; and in 1910, 2,184,789.1 Of the total population in 'goo, 1,522,600 were native whites, 17,746 were See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign-See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born, 480,243 were negroes, Io8 were See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians, 75 were See also:

• CHINESE, JAPANESE AND

Chinese and 4 were See also:

• JAPANESE

Japanese . Of the in-habitants born in the United States 38,561 were born in Georgia, 36,052 in Kentucky, 28,405 in North Carolina, 27,709 in Alabama, and 25,953 in Virginia . Of the foreign-born 4569 were Germans, 3372 were Irish and 2207 were See also:

• ENGLISH

English . Of the total population 59,032 were of foreign parentage—i.e. either one or both parents were foreign-born—and 11,164 were of See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German, 9268 of Irish and 3532 of English parentage on both the See also:

• FATHER

father's and the See also:

• MOTHER

mother's See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side .

Of the total population of the state in 1906, 697,570 were members of religious denominations . There 1 The populations in other See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census years were as follows: (1790), 35,691; (1800), 105,602; (1810), 261,727; (1820), 422,823; (1830), 681,904; (1840), 829,210; (1850), 1,002,717; (186o), 1,109,801; (1870), 1,258,520 . were 277,170 See also:

• BAPTISTS

Baptists, 241,396 Methodists, 79,337 Presbyterians, 56,315 Disciples of See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ, 17,252 See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Catholics, 7874 See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant Episcopalians, 3225 See also:

• LUTHERANS

Lutherans, 2875 United Brethren and 2426 Congregationalists . From 1890 to 1900 the See also:

• URBAN
• URBAN (Urbanus)

urban population (i.e. the population of places having 4000 inhabitants or more) increased from 219,792 to 285,886, or 30.1 per cent., the semi-urban population (i.e. the population of incorporated places, or the approximate See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent, having less than 4000 inhabitants) increased from 87,351 to 114,837, 10.9 per cent. of the total increase in population; while the rural population (i.e. population outside of incorporated places) increased from 1,460,375 to 1,619,893, 63 per cent. of the total . The principal cities of the state, with population for 1910, are Memphis, 131,105; Nashville, 110,364; Chattanooga, 44,604 and Knoxville, 36,346 . See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

Government.—Tennessee has had three constitutions, but the See also:

• PRESENT

present one, adopted in 1870, is a See also:

• REPRODUCTION

reproduction of the second (1834) with only a few changes . Amendments may be proposed not oftener than once in six years by a See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of the members elected to each See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of the legislature, but before they can be adopted they must be agreed to first by two-thirds of the members elected to each house of the next succeeding legislature, and later by a majority of all the citizens of the state voting for representatives at the next See also:

• REGULAR

regular See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election . The legislature may, also, submit to the See also:

• PEOPLE

people the question of calling a See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

convention to amend or revise the constitution, and such a convention must be called whenever, upon the submission of this proposition, a majority of the votes are See also:

• CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast in favour of it . Every See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to amend or revise the present constitution has, however, been unsuccessful . The right of See also:

• SUFFRAGE (Lat. suffragium)

suffrage is given to every male See also:

• CITIZEN (a form corrupted in Eng., apparently by analogy with " denizen," from O. Fr. citeain, mod. Fr. citoyen)

citizen of the United States who has attained the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of twenty-one years and has been a See also:

• RESIDENT

resident of the state for one year, provided he has paid his See also:

• POLL

poll tax and has not been convicted of See also:

• BRIBERY (from the O. Fr. briberie, begging or vagrancy, bribe, Mid. Lat. briba, signifying a piece of bread given to beggars; the Eng. " bribe " has passed through the meanings of alms, blackmail and extortion, to gifts received or given in order to influ

bribery, See also:

• LARCENY (an adaptation of Fr. larcin, O. Fr. larrecin, from Lat. latrocinium, theft, latio, robber)

larceny or other infamous See also:

• CRIME (Lat. crimen, accusation)

crime . The election of the See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor, members of the General See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

Assembly and congressmen is held biennially, in even numbered years, on the first Tuesday after the first See also:

• MONDAY (in O.E. Monandaeg, the moon's day, a translation of the Late Lat. Lunae dies, from which the French lundi is taken)

Monday in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November, but the election of judicial and county See also:

• OFFICERS

officers is held on the first See also:

• THURSDAY

Thursday in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August . The governor is the only state executive officer who is elected by the people .

He is elected for a See also:

• TERM

term of two years and is not eligible for more than three consecutive terms . He must be at least See also:

• THIRTY

thirty years of age and have been a citizen of the state for the last seven years before election . Although See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-chief of the state forces, he may See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call the See also: