TEUTOBURGER WALD  , a

mountain range of Germany, stretching N.W. to S.E., along the borders of the Prussian, provinces of Hanover and Westphalia and through the princi-' pality of Lippe, for a distance of 70 m., with a width of 2 to 6 m . It consists of a well-marked main chain, accompanied in its central part by subsidiary ridges . It slopes up gradually to-wards the E., where it culminates in the Volmerstod (1536 ft.) . The greater part of the range is densely wooded . The main chain is pierced by several deep gaps or " doors," through some of which important railways have been carried; e.g., the line connecting Paderborn and Hanover, and that connecting Herford and Hamm . The chief geological formations belong to the Cretaceous system, backed towards the north and east by Jurassic and Triassic formations . The Teutoburger Wald was the scene of a famous battle in which Arminius at the head of the Cherusci destroyed three Roman legions under Quintilius Varus (A.D . 9) . Mommsen has located the battle near the source of the Hunte, north of Osnabruck, and outside the range of hills; but most scholars •efer some site in the central part of the mountain-chain . In accordance with these latter views the Grotenburg (1.63 ft.), 22 m . S.W. from Detmold, has been crowned with a gigantic monument to Arminius Hermann, erected in 1838–41 and 1871–75, at a cost of 13,500 . The work, which was designed by E. von Bandel, consists of a gigantic statue of the chieftain, 564 ft. high, standing on an arched pediment 98 ft. high .

See H .

Thorbecke, Rarer durch den Teutoburger Wald (15th ed., Detmold, 1905) ; Wilisch, Der Kampf um das Schlachtfeld im Teutoburger Walde (Neue Jahrbucher fur das klassische Altertum, May 1909) .