BERTEL See also:

• BERTEL THORWALDSEN (1770.1844)

THORWALDSEN (1770.1844)  , Danish sculptor, the son of an Icelander who had settled in See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark, and there carried on the See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade of a See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood-See also:

• CARVER, JOHN (x575?-1621)
• CARVER, JONATHAN (c. 1725-1780)

carver, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• COPENHAGEN (Danish Kjobenhavn)

Copenhagen on the 19th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1770 . While very See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young he learnt to assist his See also:

• FATHER

father; at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of eleven he entered the Copenhagen school of See also:

• ART

art, and soon began to show his exceptional talents . In 1792 he won the highest See also:

• PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize, the travelling student-See also:

• SHIP

ship, and in 1796 he started for See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy in a Danish See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man-of-See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war . On the 8th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1797 he arrived in See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, where See also:

• CANOVA, ANTONIO (1757-1822)

Canova was at the height of his popularity . See also:

• THORWALDSEN, BERTEL (1770.1844)

Thorwaldsen's first success was the See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model for a statue of See also:

• JASON ('Iaacov)

Jason, which was highly praised by Canova, and he received the See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission to execute it in See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble from See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

Hope, a wealthy See also:

• ENGLISH

English art-See also:

• PATRON

patron . From that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time Thorwaldsen's success was assured, and he did not leave Italy for twenty-three years . In 1819 he returned to Den-See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark, where he was commissioned to make the See also:

• COLOSSAL

colossal See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of statues of See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ and the twelve apostles which are now in the Fruenkirche in Copenhagen . These were executed after his return to Rome, and were not completed till 1838, when Thorwaldsen again returned to Denmark . He died suddenly in the Copenhagen See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre on the 24th of March 1844 and bequeathed a See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• PART

part of his See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune for the See also:

• BUILDING

building and endowment of a museum in Copenhagen, and also See also:

• LEFT

left to fill it all his collection of See also:

• WORKS

works of art and the See also:

• MODELS

models for all his See also:

• SCULPTURE
• SCULPTURE (Lat. sculptura, from sculpere, to carve, cognate with Gr. yXb4ew)

sculpture—a very large collection, exhibited .to the greatest possible See also:

• ADVANTAGE

advantage . Thorwaldsen is buried in the courtyard of this museum, under a See also:

• BED
• BED (a common Teutonic word, cf. German Bett, probably connected with the Indo-European root bhodh, seen in the Lat. fodere, to dig; so " a dug-out place " for safe resting, or in the same sense as a garden " bed ")

bed of See also:

• ROSES, WARS OF THE

roses, by his own See also:

• SPECIAL

special wish . On the whole Thorwaldsen was the most successful of all the imitators of classical sculpture, and many of his statues of See also:

• PAGAN
• PAGAN (Lat. paganus, of or belonging to a pagus, a canton, county district, village, commune)

pagan deities are modelled with much of the See also:

• ANTIQUE (Lat. antiquus, old)

antique feeling for breadth and purity of See also:

• DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design . His attempts at See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian sculpture, such as the See also:

• TOMB (Gr. Tuµ/3a, Tuµ(3os, probably allied to Lat. tumulus, literally a swelling, tumere, to swell)

tomb of See also:

• PIUS

Pius VII. in St See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter's and the " Christ and Apostles" at Copenhagen, are less successful, and were not in accordance with the sculptor's real sympathies, which were purely classic .

Thorwaldsen worked sometimes with feverish eagerness; at other times he was idle for many months together . A great number of his best works exist in private collections in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England . His not very successful statue of See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• BYRON, GEORGE GORDON BYRON, 6TH BARON (1788-1824)
• BYRON, HENRY JAMES (1834-1884)
• BYRON, HON
• BYRON, JOHN BYRON

Byron, after being refused a See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in See also:

• WESTMINSTER
• WESTMINSTER, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• WESTMINSTER, STATUTES OF
• WESTMINSTER, SYNODS OF

Westminster See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

Abbey, was finally de-posited in the library of Trinity See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge . The most widely popular among Thorwaldsen's works have been some of his bas-reliefs, such as the " See also:

• NIGHT

Night " and the " See also:

• MORNING

Morning," which he is said to have modelled in one See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day . See See also:

• EUGENE

Eugene Pion, Thorwaldsen, sa See also:

• VIE

vie, &c . (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1880) ; See also:

• ANDERSEN, HANS CHRISTIAN (1805-1875)

Andersen, B . Thorwaldsen (See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, 1845); Killerup, Thorwaldsen's Arbeiten, &c . (Copenhagen, 1852); Thiele, Thorwaldsen's Leben (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1852—1856) ; C . A . Rosenberg, Thorwaldsen . . . See also:

• NUT
• NUT (0. Eng. knutu, cf. Dutch noot, Ger. Nuss; allied with Gael. cno; it is not of the same form as Lat. nux)

nut 146 Abbildungen (1896; Kunstlermonographien," No . 16); S .

See also:

• TRIER (French Troves)

Trier, Thorvaldsen (1903) ; A . See also:

• WILDE, OSCAR

Wilde, Erindringer om Jerichau og Thorvaldsen (1884) .