JACQUES AUGUSTE DE [THUANUS] See also:

• JACQUES AUGUSTE DE [THUANUS] THOU (1553-1617)
• THOU, NOM

THOU (1553-1617)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French historian, was the See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson of Augustin de See also:

• THOU, JACQUES AUGUSTE DE [THUANUS] (1553-1617)
• THOU, NOM

Thou, See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the See also:

• PARLEMENT (see PARLIAMENT)

parlement of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris (d . 1544), younger son of Christophe de Thou, " first president " of the same parlement, who began to collect a number of books and notes for a See also:

• HISTORY

history of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France which he was never to write (d . 1582), and See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew of See also:

• NICOLAS
• NICOLAS, SIR NICHOLAS HARRIS (1799–1848)

Nicolas de Thou, who was See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• CHARTRES

Chartres (1573-1598) . In these See also:

• FAMILY

family surroundings he imbibed a love of letters, a See also:

• FIRM

firm and orthodox, though enlightened and tolerant piety, and an See also:

• ATTACHMENT

attachment to the traditional See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of the See also:

• CROWN

Crown . At the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of seventeen he began his studies in See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, first at See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans, later at See also:

• BOURGES

Bourges, where he made the acquaintance of See also:

• HOTMAN, FRANCOIS (1524-1590)

Hotman, and finally at See also:

• VALENCE

Valence, where he had See also:

• CUJAS (or. Cujacrus), JACQUES (or as he called himself, JACQUES DE CUJAS) (1520-1590)

Cujas for his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master and See also:

• SCALIGER

Scaliger as a friend . He was at first intended for the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church; he received the See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor orders, and on the See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment of his See also:

• UNCLE

uncle Nicolas to the episcopate succeeded him as a See also:

• CANON

canon of Notre-See also:

• DAME
• DAME (through the Fr. from Lat. domina, mistress, lady, the feminine of dominus, master, lord)

Dame . But his tastes led him in a different direction; not content with a knowledge of books, he wished to know the See also:

• WORLD

world and men . During a See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of ten years he seized every opportunity for profitable travel . In 1573 he accompanied See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul de See also:

• FOIX

Foix on an See also:

• EMBASSY

embassy, which enabled him to visit most of the See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian courts; he formed a friendship with See also:

• ARNAUD, HENRI (1641-1721)

Arnaud d'Ossat (afterwards bishop of See also:

• RENNES

Rennes and See also:

• BAYEUX

Bayeux and See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

cardinal, d . 1604), who was secretary to the See also:

• AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

ambassador . In the following See also:

• YEAR

year he formed See also:

• PART

part of the brilliant cortege which brought See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry III. back to France, after his See also:

• FLIGHT

flight from his See also:

• POLISH

Polish king-dom . He also visited several parts of France, and at See also:

• BORDEAUX

Bordeaux met See also:

• MONTAIGNE, MICHEL DE (1533-1592)

Montaigne .

On the See also:

• DEATH

death, however, of his See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder See also:

• BROTHER

brother See also:

• JEAN

jean (See also:

• APRIL

April 5, 1579), who was mafire See also:

• DES

des requetes to the parlement, hi's relations prevailed on him to leave the Church, and he entered the parlement and married (1588) . In the same year he was appointed See also:

• COS
• COS, or STANKO (Ital. Stanchio, Turk. Islan-keui, by corruption from Etc rav KW)

cos-See also:

• MILLER, HUGH (1802–1856)
• MILLER, JOAQUIN (CINCINNATUS HEINE) (1841- )
• MILLER, JOE (JosEPH or JosIAS( (1684-1738)
• MILLER, SAMUEL FREEMAN (1816-1890)
• MILLER, WILLIAM (1782-1849)
• MILLER, WILLIAM (1795-1861)
• MILLER, WILLIAM (1796–1882)
• MILLER, WILLIAM HALLOWES (18o1–188o)

miller d'etat . He served faithfully both the effeminate, bigoted and cruel Henry III. and Henry IV., a sceptic and given to love-intrigues, because they were both the representatives of legitimate authority . He succeeded his uncle Augustin as president a See also:

• MORTIER, EDOUARD ADOLPHE CASIMIR JOSEPH, DUKE OF TREVISO (1768-1835)

mortier (1595); and used his new authority in the interests of religious See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace, negotiating, on the one See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, the See also:

• EDICT (Lat. edictum, from e, out, and dicere, to say, speak)

Edict of See also:

• NANTES
• NANTES, EDICT OF

Nantes with the Protestants, while in the name of the principals of the Gallican Church he opposed the recognition of the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

Council of See also:

• TRENT
• TRENT (Lat. Tridentum; Ital. Trento; Ger. relent)
• TRENT, COUNCIL OF

Trent . This attitude exposed him to the animosity of the See also:

• LEAGUE

League party and of the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See, and to their persecution when the first edition of his history appeared . This history was the See also:

• WORK

work of his whole See also:

• LIFE

life . In a See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter of the 31st of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1611 addressed to the president See also:

• JEANNIN, PIERRE (1540-1622)

Jeannin, he himself describes his See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long labours in preparation of it . His materials for See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing it were See also:

• DRAWN

drawn from his See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich library, which he established in the See also:

• RUE (Fr. rue, Lat. ruta, from Gr. pur)

Rue des Poitevins in the year 1587, with the two See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers, See also:

• PIERRE

Pierre and Jacques See also:

• DUPUY, CHARLES ALEXANDRE (1851– )
• DUPUY, PIERRE (1582-1651)

Dupuy, as librarians . His See also:

• OBJECT

object was to produce a purely scientific and unbiassed work, and for this See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason he wrote it in Latin, giving it as See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title Historia sui See also:

• TERN (Norsk taerne, tende or tende; Swedish tarna; Dutch Stern1)

tern poris . The first 18 books, embracing the period from 1545-1560, appeared in 1604 (1 vol. See also:

• FOLIO (properly the ablative case of the Lat. folium, leaf, but also frequently an adaptation of the Ital. foglio)

folio), and the work was at once attacked by those whom the author himself calls See also:

• LES

les envieux et les factieux . The second part, dealing with the first See also:

• WARS

wars of See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion (1560-1572), was put on the See also:

• INDEX

Index librarum prohlbitorum the ramparts of the See also:

• TOWN

town dating from the 13th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century and flanked by huge towers are still to be seen, and a See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge of the same period crosses the Thouet . The manufacture of See also:

• FURNITURE (from " furnish," Fr. fournir)

furniture and wooden shoes, and the preparation of veterinary See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine and See also:

• LIME
• LIME (O. Eng. lim, Lat. limes, mud, from linere, to smear)

lime, are carried on .

See also:

• WINE (Lat. vinum, Gr. oivos)

Wine, livestock and agricultural produce are the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief articles of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade . See also:

• THOUARS

Thouars, which probably existed in the Gallo-See also:

• ROMAN

Roman period, became in the 9th century the seat of powerful viscounts, who in later times were zealous supporters of the See also:

• ENGLISH

English . In 1372 the latter were expelled from the town by See also:

• BERTRAND, HENRI GRATIEN, COMTE (1773-1844)

Bertrand du Guesclin . In 1563 See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles IX. created See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis III., the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the family of La Tremoille, See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Thouars . In 1793 the Vendeans took the town by See also:

• ASSAULT (from Lat. ad, to or on, and saltare, to leap)

assault .