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TILLEMONT , S$BASTIEN LE NAIN DE (1637-1698), French ecclesiastical historian, wasSee also: born in See also: Paris on the 3oth of See also: November 1637
.
His See also: father, a wealthy member of the legal class, being a devoted Jansenist, the boy was brought up in the little See also: schools of See also: Port Royal
.
Here his bent towards See also: historical study was warmly encouraged, and in 166o he was made a tutor in the seminary of Buzenval, Jansenist See also: bishop of -See also: Beauvais
.
Ten years later he came back to Paris, and was eventually persuaded (1676) to enter the priesthood, and become a See also: chaplain at Port Royal
.
In 1679 the See also: storm of persecution drove him to See also: settle on his See also: family estate of Tillemont, between Montreuil and See also: Vincennes
.
There he spent the See also: remainder of his See also: life, dying on the loth of See also: January 1698
.
He was buried at Port Royal; in 1711, on the desecration of the cemetery, his remains were transferred
From the age of twenty he was at See also: work on his two See also: great books—the Memoires pour servir d l'histoire ecclesiastique See also: des six premiers siecles, and the Histoire des empereurs during the same See also: period
.
Both See also: works began to appear during his lifetime—the Histoire in 169o, the Memoires in 1693—but in neither See also: case was the publication
many of their designs were produced by such famous architects as Pugin, See also: Gilbert
See also: Scott,
.
Street, &c., so that between 185o and 188o encaustic tiles had a great vogue for pavement work not only in See also: England, but in all civilized countries, and See also: fine examples of the See also: rich encaustic pavements made at Mintons', Maw's, or Godwin's of See also: Hereford, are to be found in most of the restored cathedrals and churches of this period
.
See also: Side by side with the revival of this See also: ancient See also: process, there was See also: developed an essentially See also: modern process of manufacturing by compressing pulverized See also: clay in See also: metal See also: dies under a screw See also: press
.
This was the outgrowth of a patent granted to See also: Richard Prosser in 184o, and worked out and perfected at the works of Minton at Stoke-upon-Trent
.
The advantages of this method of manufacture consist in (a) greater rapidity in execution than can be effected by the plastic method, and (b) the greater See also: mechanical accuracy of the finished tile due to the See also: steel dies used in shaping the tile and to the diminished contraction in drying and firing: This essentially modern method of tile-making is really an out-come of the methods introduced in the manufacture of See also: English earthenware (see CERAMICS), and it has not only been extensively developed in England, but has been adopted, practically without modification, in all the leading countries of See also: Europe and in the
to the See also: church of St
See also: Andre des Arcs in Paris
.
finished till long after hisSee also: death
.
To his modesty See also: Bossuet bears witness, when he told him to stand up sometimes, and not be always on his knees before a critic
.
See also: Gibbon vouches for his learning, when (in the 47th chapter) he speaks of "this incomparable guide, whose bigotry is overbalanced by the merits of erudition, See also: diligence, veracity and scrupulous minuteness." There is a full account of his life in the 4th See also: volume of Sainte-Beuve's Port Royal
.
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