TOKEN See also:

• MONEY

MONEY  , the See also:

• TERM

term employed originally to describe the counters or " tokens " issued by traders to meet the lack of small See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change . It has now been appropriated by economists and officials to denote the smaller currency that circulates at a nominal value higher than its cost . It is contrasted with " See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard " See also:

• MONEY

money, and is limited in its amount by See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state authority . Its See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of discharging debts is also limited: in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, e.g., See also:

• SILVER

silver is legal See also:

• TENDER

tender only up to 4os., See also:

• COPPER (symbol Cu, atomic weight 63.1, H=1, or 63.6, O = 16)

copper to 12 pence . Various substances have been utilized for the manufacture of token coinage—silver at a See also:

• LOWER

lower degree of fineness, copper in different See also:

• ALLOYS (through the Fr. aloyer, from Lat. alligare, to combine)

alloys, and See also:

• NICKEL
• NICKEL (symbol Ni, atomic weight 58.68 (0=16))

nickel . The See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French term monnaie divisionnaire has much the same meaning; so has the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German Scheidemunze . A currency, restricted in amount, but with full legal tender power—such as the See also:

• INDIAN

Indian rupees and the French 5-See also:

• FRANC

franc pieces—is midway between token and standard money . Representative money also bears some See also:

• ANALOGY (Gr. avaXo-yLa, proportion)

analogy to token coinage . (See MONEY and See also:

• SEIGNIORAGE

SEIGNIORAGE.) (C . F .