PEDER See also:

• PEDER TORDENSKJOLD (1691-1720)

TORDENSKJOLD (1691-1720)  , eminent Danish See also:

• NAVAL

naval See also:

• HERO (Gr. open)
• HERO, THE YOUNGER

hero, the tenth See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child of See also:

• ALDERMAN (from A.-S. ealdorman, compounded of the comparative degree of the adjective eald, old, and man)

alderman See also:

• JAN

Jan See also:

• WESSEL, JOHAN 1 (c. 1420-1489)

Wessel of See also:

• BERGEN

Bergen, in See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• TRONDHJEM, or THRONDHJEM (sometimes written in the German form Drontheim)

Trondhjem on the 28th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1691 . Wessel was a See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild unruly lad who gave his pious parents much trouble . Finally he ran away from them by hiding in a See also:

• SHIP

ship See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound for See also:

• COPENHAGEN (Danish Kjobenhavn)

Copenhagen, where the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's See also:

• CHAPLAIN

chaplain Dr Peder Jespersen took pity on the friendless lad, gratified his love for the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea by sending him on a voyage to the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Indies, and finally procured him a vacant cadetship . After further voyages, this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East Indies, Wessel was, on the 7th of See also:

• JULY

July 1711, appointed and See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant in the royal marine and shortly afterwards became the See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain of a little 4-See also:

• GUN

gun See also:

• SLOOP

sloop " Ormen" (The See also:

• SERPENT (Lat. serpens, creeping, from serpere; cf. "reptile " from repere, Gr.4 ml-eta)

Serpent), in which he cruised about the See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast and picked up much useful See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information about the enemy . In See also:

• JUNE

June 1712 he was promoted to a 2o-gun See also:

• FRIGATE

frigate, against the See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice of the Danish See also:

• ADMIRALTY, HIGH COURT OF

admiralty, which pronounced him to be too flighty and unstable for such a command . His discriminating See also:

• PATRON

patron was the See also:

• NORWEGIAN

Norwegian See also:

• ADMIRAL

admiral Lovendal, who was the first to recognize the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man's ability as a naval officer . At this See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period Wessel was already renowned for two things: the audacity with which he attacked any Swedish vessels he came across regardless of odds, and his unique See also:

• SEAMAN, OWEN (1861– )

seaman-ship, which always enabled him to See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape See also:

• CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture . The See also:

• GREAT

Great NorthernWar had now entered upon its later See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage, when See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden, beset on every See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side by foes, employed her See also:

• FLEET

fleet principally to transport troops and stores to her distressed See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German provinces . The audacity of Wessel impeded her at every point . He was continually snapping up transports, dashing into the fjords where her vessels See also:

• LAY

lay concealed, and holding up her detached frigates . In July 1714 he encountered a frigate which had been equipped in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England for the Swedes and was on its way to See also:

• GOTHENBURG (Swed. Goteborg)

Gothenburg under the command of an See also:

• ENGLISH

English captain . Wessel instantly attacked her but in the English captain he met his match .

The combat lasted all See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day, was interrupted by nightfall, and renewed again indecisively the following See also:

• MORNING

morning . Wessel's See also:

• FREE

free and easy ways procured him many enemies in the Danish See also:

• NAVY

navy . He was accused of unnecessarily endangering his See also:

• MAJESTY (Fr. majeste; Lat. majestas, grandeur, greatness, from the base mag-, as in magnus, great, major, greater, &c.)

majesty's See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war-See also:

• SHIPS

ships in the affairs with the frigate and he was brought before a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court-See also:

• MARTIAL (MARCUS VALERIUS MARTIALIS)

martial . But the spirit with which he defended himself and the contempt he poured on his less courageous comrades took the See also:

• FANCY (a shortened form, dating from the 15th century, of " fantasy," which is derived through the O. Fr. fantasie, modern fantaisie. from the Latinized form of the Gr. cbavraoia, Oavrai'ecv, Oat Pais, to show)

fancy of King See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick IV., who cancelled the proceedings and raised Wessel to the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of captain . When in the course of 1715 the return of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles XII. from See also:

• TURKEY

Turkey to See also:

• STRALSUND

Stralsund put a new See also:

• LIFE

life into the jaded and dispirited Swedish forces, Wessel distinguished himself in numerous engagements off the Pomeranian coast and did the enemy See also:

• INFINITE (from Lat. in, not, finis, end or limit; cf. findere, to deave)

infinite damage by cutting out their frigates and destroying their transports . On returning to See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark in the beginning of 1716 he was ennobled under the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of " See also:

• TORDENSKJOLD, PEDER (1691-1720)

Tordenskjold (Thundershield) . When in the course of 1716 Charles XII. invaded Norway and sat down before the fortress of See also:

• FREDRIKSHALD (FREDERIKSHALD, FRIEDRICHSHALL)

Fredrikshald, Tordenskjold compelled him to raise the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege and retire to Sweden by pouncing upon the Swedish transport fleet laden with See also:

• AMMUNITION

ammunition and other military stores which rode at See also:

• ANCHOR (from the Greek ayrcvpa, which Vossius considers is from 6yi17 , a crook or hook)

anchor in the narrow and dangerous strait of Dynekil, utterly destroying the Swedish fleet with little damage to him-self . For this, his greatest exploit, he was promoted to the rank of See also:

• COMMANDER

commander, but at the same time incurred the enmity of his See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior officer Admiral See also:

• GABEL, KRISTOFFER (1617-x673)

Gabel, whom he had omitted to take into his confidence on the occasion . Tordenskjold's first important command was the See also:

• SQUADRON

squadron with which he was entrusted in the beginning of 1717 for the purpose of destroying the Swedish Gothenburg squadron which interrupted the communications between Denmark and Norway . Owing to the disloyalty of certain of his See also:

• OFFICERS

officers who resented serving under the young adventurer, Tordenskjold failed to do all that was expected of him . His enemies were not slow to take See also:

• ADVANTAGE

advantage of his partial failure . The old See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge of criminal recklessness was revived against him at a second court-martial before which he was summoned in 1718; but his old patron Admiral U .

C . Gyldenlove again intervened energetically in his behalf and the charge was quashed . In See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1718 Tordenskjold brought to Frederick IV. the welcome See also:

• NEWS

news of the See also:

• DEATH

death of Charles XII. and was made a See also:

• REAR

rear-admiral for his pains . Tordenskjold's last feat of arms was his capture of the Swedish fortress of Marstrand, when he partially destroyed and partially captured the Gothenburg squadron which had so See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long eluded him . He was rewarded with the rank of See also:

• VICE

vice-admiral . Tordenskjold did not long survive the termination of the war . On the loth of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1720 he was killed in a See also:

• DUEL (Ital. duello, Lat. duellum—old form of bellum-from duo, two)

duel with a Livonian See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

colonel, See also:

• JAKOB, LUDWIG HEINRICH VON (1759—1827)

Jakob Axel See also:

• STAEL, MADAME DE

Stael von See also:

• HOLSTEIN
• HOLSTEIN, FRIEDRICH VON (1837–1909)

Holstein . Although, Dynekil excepted, Tordenskjold's victories were of far less importance than See also:

• SEHESTED, HANNIBAL (16o9-1666)

Sehested's at Stralsund and Gyldenlove's at Rtigen, he is certainly, after Charles XII., the most heroic figure of the Great See also:

• NORTHERN

Northern War . His courage was fully equal to the courage of " The See also:

• LION
• LION (Lat, leo, leonis; Gr. Mew)

Lion of the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North," but he lacked that See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute self-command which gives to the bravery of Charles XII. its See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar, almost superhuman, See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character . See Carstensen and Lutken, Tordenskjold (Copenhagen, 1887) . (R . N .