See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

COUNT OF JOSE MARIA QUIEPO DE LLANO See also:

• RUIZ, JUAN (c. 1283-c. 1350)

RUIZ DE See also:

• SARAVIA
• SARAVIA, ADRIAN (1531—1613)

SARAVIA See also:

• COUNT OF JOSE MARIA QUIEPO DE LLANO RUIZ DE SARAVIA TORENO (1786-1843)
• TORENO, QUEIPO DE LLANO Y GAYOSO DE, COUNT (1840-1890)

TORENO (1786-1843)  , See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish politician and historian, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• OVIEDO

Oviedo on the 25th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1786 . His See also:

• FAMILY

family was wealthy and belonged to the most See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• NOBILITY

nobility of See also:

• ASTURIAS

Asturias . His See also:

• MOTHER

mother, Dominga See also:

• RUIZ, JUAN (c. 1283-c. 1350)

Ruiz de See also:

• SARAVIA
• SARAVIA, ADRIAN (1531—1613)

Saravia, had See also:

• PROPERTY

property in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• CUENCA

Cuenca . The son received a better See also:

• EDUCATION

education in See also:

• CLASSICS

classics, See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics and See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages than was usual at that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time . The See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)

viscount of See also:

• MAT (O. Eng. meatt, from late Lat. mattes, whence Ital. mallet, Ger. and Dan. matte, Du. mat, &c.)

Mat arrosa, the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title he See also:

• BORE

bore in his See also:

• FATHER

father's lifetime, was introduced to the writings of See also:

• VOLTAIRE, FRANCOIS MARIE AROUET DE (1694–1778)

Voltaire and See also:

• ROUSSEAU, JACQUES (1633-1693)
• ROUSSEAU, JEAN BAPTISTE (1671-1741)
• ROUSSEAU, JEAN JACQUES (1712-1778)
• ROUSSEAU, PIERRE ETIENNE THEODORE (1812–1867); French painter of the Barbizon school, was born in Paris on the 15th of April 1812, of a bourgeois family which included one or two artists. At first he received a business training, but soon displayed aptitu

Rousseau by the See also:

• ABBOT (from the Hebrew ab, a father, through the Syriac abba, Lat. abbas, gen. abbatis, O.E. abbad, fr. late Lat. form abbad-em changed in 13th century under influence of the Lat. form to abbat, used alternatively till the end of the 17th century; Ger. Ab
• ABBOT, EZRA (1819-1884)
• ABBOT, GEORGE (1603-1648)
• ABBOT, ROBERT (1588?–1662?)
• ABBOT, WILLIAM (1798-1843)

abbot of the See also:

• BENEDICTINE

Benedictine See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of Monserrat in See also:

• MADRID

Madrid . He was See also:

• PRESENT

present at Madrid when the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose against See also:

• MURAT, JOACHIM (1767—1815)

Murat on the 2nd of May 18o8, and took See also:

• PART

part in the struggle which was the beginning of the See also:

• PENINSULAR

Peninsular See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War . From Madrid he escaped to Asturias, and on the 3oth of May he embarked in a See also:

• JERSEY
• JERSEY, EARLS OF

Jersey See also:

• PRIVATEER

privateer at Gijon, with other delegates, in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to ask for the help of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England against the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French . The deputation was enthusiastically received in See also:

• LONDON

London . By the 3oth of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December he was back in Asturias, his father having died in the See also:

• INTERVAL

interval . During the Peninsular War he saw some service in the first occupation of Asturias by the French, but he was mainly occupied by his duties as a member of the See also:

• CORTES
• CORTES, HERNAN

Cortes . In 1809 he was at See also:

• SEVILLE
• SEVILLE (Span. Sevilla, Lat. Ispalis or Hispalis, Moorish Ishbiliya)

Seville, where one of his uncles was a member of the central See also:

• JUNTA (from juntar, to join)

Junta . In the following See also:

• YEAR

year he was a See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader of the party which compelled the Regency to summon the Cortes—to which he was elected by Asturias See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in 1811 though he wanted some months of the legal See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of twenty-five .

His See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election was opposed by some of his own relatives who did not See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share his advanced opinions, but it was ratified by the Cortes . See also:

• TORENO, JOSE MARIA QUIEPO DE LLANO RUIZ DE SARAVIA, COUNT OF (1786-1843)
• TORENO, QUEIPO DE LLANO Y GAYOSO DE, COUNT (1840-1890)

Toreno was conspicuous among the well-meaning men who framed the constitution of 1812, which was made as if it was meant for some imaginary See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic and not for See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic and monarchical See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain . When See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand VII. returned from See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France in 1814 Toreno foresaw a reaction, and put himself out of reach of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king . He was the more an See also:

• OBJECT

object of suspicion because his See also:

• BROTHER

brother-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, Porlier, perished in a See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to support the constitution by force . Toreno remained in See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile till the outbreak of the revolution of 1820 . Between that year and 1823 he was in Spain serving in the restored Cortes, and experience had See also:

• ABATED

abated his See also:

• RADICAL (Lat. radix, a root)

radical ardour .. When the French intervened in 1823 Toreno had again to go into exile, and remained abroad till the king published the See also:

• AMNESTY (from the Gr. &µvrly-ria, oblivion)

amnesty of the 15th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1832 . He returned See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home in See also:

• JULY

July 1833, but remained on his estates till the king's See also:

• DEATH

death on the 29th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September . As hereditary See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard See also:

• BEARER

bearer of Asturias (Alferez See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

Mayor) it See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell to him to proclaim the young See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen, See also:

• ISABELLA (1451-15o4)
• ISABELLA, ISABEAU

Isabella II . In 1834 his now moderate opinions pointed him out to the queen See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent, Maria See also:

• CHRISTINA (1626–1689)
• CHRISTINA [MARIA CHRISTINA HENRIETTA DESIREE FELICITE RENIERE]

Christina, as a useful See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man for See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office . In See also:

• JUNE

June 1834 he was See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of See also:

• FINANCE

finance, and became See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime minister on the 7th of June . His See also:

• TENURE (Fr. tenure, from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenure of the premiership lasted only till the 14th of September of the same year, when the regent's attempt to retain a practically despotic See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government under a thin constitutional See also:

• VEIL (O.Fr. veile, mod. voile, from Lat. velum, cloth, awning, sail)

veil See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke down .

The greater part of the See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder of his See also:

• LIFE

life was spent in voluntary exile, and he died in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on the 16th of September 1843 . As a politician he See also:

• FELT (cognate with Ger. Filz, Du. vilt, Swed. and Dan. fill; the root is unknown; the word has given Med. Lat. filtrum, " filter ")

felt the need for a revision of the worn out despotism which ruled till 18o8, but he was destitute of any real See also:

• POLITICAL

political capacity . Toreno is chiefly remembered as the author of the See also:

• HISTORY

History of the Rising, War and Revolution of Spain, which he began between 1823 and 1832 and published in 1836–1838 in Paris . As a See also:

• WORK

work of military See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism it is not of high value, and Toreno was prejudiced in favour of his colleagues of the Cortes, whose errors and excesses he shared in and excused . The See also:

• BOOK

book is, however, written in excellent Castilian, and was compiled with See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry . It is See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

worth consulting as an See also:

• ILLUSTRATION

illustration of the time in which the author lived, as a patriotic Spanish view of the war, and for the prominence it gives to the political See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the Peninsular War, which he justly treated as a revolution . A See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography by See also:

• DON
• DON (anc. Tanais)

Don See also:

• ANTONIO
• ANTONIO (1429—1498)
• ANTONIO, NICOLAS (1617-1684)

Antonio de Cueto is prefixed to the reprint of the Levantanziento guerra y revolution de Espana, in vol . 1xiv. of the Biblioteca de autores espanoles of Rivadeneyra (Madrid 1846-1880) .