CRAWFORD

See also:

• HOWELL, JAMES (c. 1594-1666)

HOWELL

See also:

• TOY
• CRAWFORD HOWELL TOY (1836– )

TOY (1836– )  , American Hebrew scholar, was born in Norfolk, Virginia, on the 23rd of March 1836 . He graduated at the university of Virginia in 1856, and studied at the university of Berlin in 1866–1868 . In 1869–1879 he was professor of Hebrew in the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary (first in Greenville, South Carolina, and after 1877 in Louisville, Kentucky), and in 188o he became professor . of Hebrew and Oriental languages in Harvard University, where until 1903 he was also Dexter lecturer on biblical literature . He wrote The Religion of Israel (1882); Quotations from the Old Testament in the New Testament 0884); Judaism and Christianity 089o); and the Book of Proverbs (1899) in the " International Critical Commentary "; and edited a translation of Erdmann's commentary on Samuel (1897) in Lange's commentaries.; Murray's Origin of the Psalms 088o); and, in Haupt's Sacred Books of the Old Testament, the Book of Ezekiel (Hebrew text and English version, 1899) .