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TRANSEPT (from Lat. trans, across, an...

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 173 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TRANSEPT (from See also:Lat. trans, across, and septum, enclosure; synonymous terms in other See also:languages are Fr. croisee, nef transversee; Ital. crociata; Ger. Querbau, Quersch&)  , in See also:architecture, the See also:term given to the large and lofty structure which lies at right angles to the See also:nave and aisles of a See also:church . The first example is that which existed in the old St See also:Peter's at See also:Rome, but as a See also:rule it is not found in the See also:early basilicas . At the See also:present See also:day the See also:transept might be better defined as that portion of a cruciform church which extends from See also:north to See also:south across the See also:main See also:body of the See also:building and usually separates the See also:choir from the nave; but to this there are some exceptions, as in See also:Westminster See also:Abbey, where the choir, with its See also:rood See also:screen, occupies the first four bays of the nave; in See also:Norwich two bays; in See also:Gloucester one See also:bay; and See also:Winchester one bay . In some of the See also:English cathedrals there is an eastern transept, as in See also:Canterbury, See also:Lincoln, See also:Salisbury and See also:Worcester; at See also:Durham that which might be regarded as an eastern transept is the See also:chapel of the Nine Altars, and the same is found in Fountains Abbey . Four of the English cathedrals have aisles on See also:east and See also:west sides, viz . See also:Ely, See also:Wells, Winchester and See also:York, while at See also:Chester there are aisles to the south transept only, and at Lincoln, See also:Peterborough and Salisbury on the east See also:side only . In some cases the transept extends to the See also:outer walls of the aisles only, but there are many instances in which it is carried beyond, as at Lincoln (225 ft. See also:long), Ely (18o ft.), Peter-See also:borough (18o ft.), Durham (175 ft.) and Norwich (172 ft.); in all these cases the transept is carried three bays beyond; in York (220 ft.), St Albans (17o ft.), See also:Lichfield (145 ft.) and Canterbury, east transept (165 ft.), two bays beyond; and in Canterbury, western transept (130 ft.), See also:Chichester (16o ft.) and Worcester (130 ft.), only one bay on each side, the See also:dimension in all cases being taken within the north and south walls of the transept .

End of Article: TRANSEPT (from Lat. trans, across, and septum, enclosure; synonymous terms in other languages are Fr. croisee, nef transversee; Ital. crociata; Ger. Querbau, Quersch&)
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