TRINITARIANS  , a religious See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order founded in 1198 by St See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John of Matha and St See also:

• FELIX
• FELIX, ANTONIUS
• FELIX, LIA (1830– )

Felix of See also:

• VALOIS, COUNTS AND DUKES OF
• VALOIS, HENRI DE [VALESIUS] (1603-1676)

Valois, for the liberation of See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian prisoners and slaves from captivity under the See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

Moors and See also:

• SARACENS

Saracens . The two founders went to See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome and there obtained the approbation of See also:

• INNOCENT (INNOCENTIUS)
• INNOCENT (POPES)

Innocent III., 1198 . The See also:

• RULE

rule was the Augustinian, supplemented by regulations of an austere See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character . The See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit was See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white, with a red and See also:

• BLUE (common in different forms to most European languages)

blue See also:

• CROSS

cross on the See also:

• BREAST (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. the Ger. Brust, possibly connected with an O. Sax. brustian, to bud)

breast . The Trinitarians are canons See also:

• REGULAR

regular, but in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England they were often spoken of as friars . The first monastery and See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of the order was at Cerfroy near See also:

• SOISSONS

Soissons . Among the earliest recruits were some Englishmen, and the first to go on the See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• MISSION

mission of the order were two Englishmen, who in 1200 went to See also:

• MOROCCO

Morocco and returned thence to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France with 186 liberated Christian captives . This success excited See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• ENTHUSIASM

enthusiasm and led to the See also:

• DIFFUSION (from the Lat. diffundere; dis-, asunder, and fundere, to pour out)

diffusion of the order all over Western Christendom . At the beginning of the 18th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century there were still 250 houses, and it is stated that there had been 800; this, however, includes 43 in England, where See also:

• DUGDALE, SIR WILLIAM (16o5-1686)

Dugdale says he could find traces only of a dozen: so that the high figures are probably apocryphal . The first house in England was at Mottenden, in See also:

• KENT
• KENT, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• KENT, JAMES (1763-1847)
• KENT, WILLIAM (1685-1748)

Kent, founded in 1224 . The See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary method of freeing captives was by paying their See also:

• RANSOM (from Lat. redemptio, through Fr. rancon)

ransom and for this purpose vast sums of See also:

• MONEY

money were collected by the Trinitarians; but they were called upon, if other means failed, to offer themselves in See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange for Christian captives . Many thousands were liberated by their efforts .

In the 17th century a reform called the Barefooted Trinitarians was initiated, which became a distinct order and is the only one that survives . There are now less than 500 members . Their headquarters are at See also:

• SAN

San Crisogono in Rome . They devote themselves to the ransoming of See also:

• NEGRO (from Lat. eager, black)

negro slaves, especially See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, and a great See also:

• DISTRICT

district in See also:

• SOMALILAND

Somaliland has been since 1904 entrusted to them as a See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field for missionary See also:

• WORK

work . There were Trinitarian nuns and a Third Order . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• BOOK

book on the Trinitarians is Deslandres, L'Ordre See also:

• FRANCAIS, ANTOINE, COUNT (1756-1836)

francais See also:

• DES

des Trinitaires (2 vols . 1903) . Sufficient See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information will be found in See also:

• HELYOT, PIERRE (1660-1716)

Helyot, Histoire des ordres religieux (1714), vol. ii. chs . 45—5o; and in Max Heimbucher, Orden u . Kongregationen (1907), ii . §57 . (E .

C .