JOHN

See also:

• JOHN TULLOCH (1823–1886)

TULLOCH (1823–1886)  , Scottish theologian, was born at Bridge of Earn, Perthshire, in 1823, and received his university education at St Andrews and Edinburgh . In 1845 he became minister of St Paul's, Dundee, and in 1849 of Kettins, in Strathmore, where he remained for six years . In 1854 he was appointed principal of St Mary's College, St Andrews . The appointment was immediately followed by the appearance of his Burnet prize essay on Theism . At St Andrews, where he held also the post of professor of systematic theology and apologetics, his work as a teacher was distinguished by several features which at that time were new . He lectured on comparative religion and treated doctrine historically, as being not a fixed product but a growth . From the first he secured the attachment and admiration of his students . In 1862 he was appointed one of the clerks of the General Assembly, and from that time forward he took a leading part in the councils of the Church of Scotland . In x878 he was chosen moderator of the Assembly . He did much to widen the national church . Two positions on which he repeatedly insisted have taken a firm hold—first, that it is of the essence of a church to be comprehensive of various views and tendencies, and that a national church especially should seek to represent all the elements of the life of the nation; secondly, that subscription to a creed can bind no one to all its details, but only to the sum and substance, or the spirit, of the symbol . For three years before his death he was convener of the church interests committee of the Church of Scotland, which had to deal with a great agitation for disestablishment .

He was also deeply interested in the reorganization of education in Scotland, both in school and university, and acted as one of the temporary

board which settled the primary school system under the Education Act of 1872 . He died at Torquay on the 13th of February 1886 . Tulloch's best-known works are collections of biographical sketches of the leaders of great movements in church history, such as the Reformation and Puritanism . His most important book, Rational Theology and Christian Philosophy (1872), is one in which the Cambridge Platonists and other leaders of dispassionate thought in the 17th century are similarly treated . He delivered the second series of the Croall lectures, on the Doctrine of Sin, which were afterwards published . He also published a small work, The Christ of the Gospels and the Christ of History, in which the views of Renan on the gospel history were dealt with; a monograph on Pascal for Blackwood 's Foreign Classics series; and a little work, Beginning Life, addressed to young men, written at an earlier period . See the Life by Mrs Oliphant .