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JETHRO TULL (1674-1741)

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 367 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JETHRO See also:TULL (1674-1741)  , See also:English agricultural writer and See also:farmer, was See also:born at Basildon, See also:Berkshire, in 1674, probably in See also:March . He entered St See also:John's See also:College, See also:Oxford, in 1691, and was called to the See also:bar at See also:Gray's See also:Inn in 1699 but never practised . In that See also:year he married and began farming on his See also:father's See also:land at Howberry, near See also:Wallingford, and here about 1701 he invented and perfected his See also:machine See also:drill and began experiments in his new See also:system of See also:sowing in drills or rows sufficiently wide apart to allow for tillage by plough and See also:hoe during almost the whole See also:period of growth . In 1709 he moved to a See also:farm near See also:Hungerford and from 1711 to 1714 travelled in See also:France and See also:Italy, making careful observations of the methods of See also:agriculture in those countries which aided and confirmed his theories as to the true use of manure and the importance of " pulverizing " the See also:soil . He did not publish any See also:account of his agricultural experiments or theories until 1731, when his See also:Horse-hoeing Husbandry appeared . This was followed by The Horse-hoeing Husbandry, or an See also:Essay on the Principles of Tillage and Vegetation, by J . T., in 1733 . He was attacked in the agricultural periodical The See also:Practical Husbandman and Farmer and accused of plagiarizing from such earlier writers as See also:Sir A . See also:Fitzherbert, Sir See also:Hugh Plat (1552-1611?), See also:Gabriel Plattes (ft . 1638) and John Worlidge (ft . 1669-1698) . See also:Tull answered in various smaller See also:works forming additions to his See also:main See also:work .

He died on the 21st of See also:

February 1741 . Many See also:editions of his Horse-hoeing Husbandry were published subsequently, and in 1822 See also:William See also:Cobbett edited it . It was translated into See also:French, notably by H . L . See also:Duhamel Dumonceau (1700–1782), the naturalist and agriculturalist, in 1753–1757 (see AGRICULTURE) .

End of Article: JETHRO TULL (1674-1741)
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