See also:

• TURBINE (Lat. turbo, a whirlwind, a whirling motion ,or object, a top)

TURBINE (See also:

• LAT

Lat. turbo, a whirlwind, a whirling See also:

• MOTION (Lat. motio, from movere, to move)
• MOTION, LAWS OF

motion ,or See also:

• OBJECT

object, a See also:

• TOP (cf. Dan. top, Ger. Topf, also meaning pot)

top)  , in See also:

• ENGINEERING

engineering, a See also:

• MACHINE
• MACHINE (through Fr. from Lat. form machina of Gr. µnxavil)

machine which applies the See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy of a See also:

• JET (Fr. jais, Ger. Gagat)

jet of See also:

• WATER

water or See also:

• STEAM
• STEAM (0. Eng. steam, vapour, smoke, cf. Du. steam; the origin is unknown)

steam to produce the rotation of a See also:

• SHAFT
• SHAFT (O. Eng., sceaft, from scafan, to shave; the word is common to Teutonic languages)

shaft . It consists essentially of a See also:

• WHEEL (0. Eng. hweol, hweohl, &c., cognate with Icel. hjol, Dan. hiul, the Indo-European root is seen in Sanskrit chakra, Gr. r in Aos, circle, whence " cycle ")
• WHEEL, BREAKING ON THE

wheel or chamber provided with a number of See also:

• BLADES, WILLIAM (1824-1890)

blades or vanes upon which the fluid jet impinges; the impelled fluid causes the blades to rotate and also the shaft to which they are attached . Water turbines are treated under See also:

• HYDRAULICS (Gr. iS&,p, water, and ai,Xos, a pipe)

HYDRAULICS, and steam turbines under STEAM See also:

• ENGINE
• ENGINE (Lat. ingenium)

ENGINE . TURBOT' (Rhombus See also:

• MAXIMUS
• MAXIMUS, ST (c. 58o-662)

maximus or Psetta See also:

• MAXIMA

maxima), one of the largest and most valuable of the See also:

• FLAT (a modification of O. Eng. flet, an obsolete word of Teutonic origin, meaning the ground beneath the feet)

flat-fishes or Pleuronectidae . The turbot, which rarely exceeds a length of two feet, has See also:

• GREAT

great width of See also:

• BODY

body, and is scaleless, but is covered with conical bony tubercles . The eyes are on the See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the body, the See also:

• LOWER

lower being slightly in advance of the upper; the mouth is large and armed with See also:

• TEETH (O.E. Eel); plural of tooth, O.E. top)

teeth of uniformly See also:

• MINUTE
• MINUTE (Lat. minutes, small; minuere, to make less)

minute See also:

• SIZE

size . The turbot is found all See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the coasts of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe (except in the extreme See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north), preferring a flat sandy bottom with from to to 50 fathoms of water . The broad See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks off the Dutch See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast are a favourite resort . It is a voracious See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish, and feeds on other fish, crustaceans and molluscs . It seems to constantly See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change its See also:

• ABODE (from " abide," to dwell, properly " to wait for ," to bide)

abode, wandering northward during the summer, and going into deeper water in the See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season . The eggs of the turbot, like those of the See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of flat-fishes, are pelagic and buoyant . They are small and very numerous, varying from five to ten millions in fish of 18 to 21 lb See also:

• WEIGHT

weight .

The See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young fish are symmetrical and . swim ' The word " turbot " is of great antiquity, perhaps of See also:

• CELTIC

Celtic origin; it is preserved in See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French in the same See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form as in See also:

• ENGLISH

English, and is composed of two words, of which the second is identical with the " but in See also:

• HALIBUT

halibut and with the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German " See also:

• BUTTE
• BUTTE (O. Fr. butte, a hillock or rising ground)

Butte," which signifies flat-fish . The German name for the turbot is " Steinbutte." vertically like the young of other Pleuronectids, but they reach a much larger size before See also:

• METAMORPHOSIS

metamorphosis than See also:

• SPECIES

species of other genera, specimens from a in. to 1 in. in length being frequently taken See also:

• SWIMMING (from " swim," A.S. swimman, the root being common in Teutonic languages)

swimming at the See also:

• SURFACE

surface of the water and not completely converted into the adult See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition . Specimens one See also:

• YEAR

year old are from 3 to 4 in. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, some perhaps larger . About 186o it was estimated that the Dutch supplied turbot to the See also:

• LONDON

London See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market to the value of £8o;000 a year . In 1900 the See also:

• TOTAL

total weight of turbot landed on English and Welsh coasts for the year was according to the See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

Board of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

Trade returns 60,715 cwt. valued at £252,680 . The turbot is also See also:

• COMMON

common, though not abundant, in the Mediterranean, and is replaced in the See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

Black See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea by an allied species with much larger bony tubercles (Rh. maeoticus) . Both species grow to a large size, being usually sold at from 5 to 10 lb; but the common turbot is stated to attain to a weight of 30 lb .