See also:

• ULEMA (Arab. 'ulama, sing. 'alim, literally " knowers," in the sense of sciences)

ULEMA (Arab. 'ulama, sing. 'alim, literally " knowers," in the sense of sciences)  , the learned of See also:

• ISLAM

Islam, theologians, See also:

• CANON

canon-lawyers, professors, See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges, muftis, &c., all who, whether in See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office or not, are versed theoretically and practically in Muslim See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science in See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general . By " science " in this See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case is especially meant what is learned from tradition, books or men, and through the See also:

• INTELLECT (Lat. intellectus, from intelligere, to understand)

intellect . In a narrower sense, See also:

• ULEMA (Arab. 'ulama, sing. 'alim, literally " knowers," in the sense of sciences)

Ulema is used, in a Muslim See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, of a See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council of such learned men, holding See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government appointments . If all conception of intermediary priesthood be eliminated, the Ulema may be said to be See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent to the See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy of See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Christendom (see See also:

• DERVISH

DERVISH) . Opposed to them, again, are the 'arils (" knowers," "perceivers," sentientes, as opposed to scientes), to whom religious knowledge comes in the See also:

• VISION (from Lat. videre, to see), or SIGHT

vision of the mystic, not by tradition or See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason (see See also:

• SUFIISM (tafawwuf)

SUFIIsm) . On the training of the ulema see See also:

• SUNNITES

SUNNITES . (D . B .