ULRICH  , See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• WURTTEMBERG

Wurttemberg (1487–1550), was a son of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry, See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• MONTBELIARD

Montbeliard (d . 1519), younger son of Ulrich V., count of Wurttemberg . He succeeded his kinsman See also:

• EBERHARD
• EBERHARD, CHRISTIAN AUGUST GOTTLOB (1769-1845)
• EBERHARD, JOHANN AUGUSTUS (1739-1809)

Eberhard II. as duke of Wurttemberg in 1498, being declared of See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age in 1503 . He served the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, See also:

• MAXIMILIAN
• MAXIMILIAN (1832—1867)

Maximilian I., in the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war over the See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession to the duchy of See also:

• BAVARIA (Ger. Bayern)

Bavaria-See also:

• LANDSHUT

Landshut in 1504, receiving some additions to Wurttemberg as a See also:

• REWARD

reward; he accompanied Maximilian on his unfinished See also:

• JOURNEY (through O. Fr. jornee or journee, mod. Fr. journee, from med. Lat. diurnata, Lat. diurnus, of or belonging to dies, day)

journey to See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome in 1508; and he marched with the imperial See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army into See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France in 1513 . Meanwhile in Wurttemberg Ulrich had become very unpopular . His extravagance had led to a large See also:

• ACCUMULATION (from Lat. accumulare, to heap up)

accumulation of See also:

• DEBT (Lat. debitum, a thing owed)

debt, and his subjects were irritated by his oppressive methods of raising See also:

• MONEY

money . In 1514 a rising under the name of " poor See also:

• CONRAD (d. 955)
• CONRAD, JOSEPH (1856– )
• CONRAD, or KONRAD (M. H. Ger. Kuonrdl, i.e. " keen in counsel," Lat. Conradus, It. Corrado, cf. the A.S. Ccenred)

Conrad " See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out, and was only suppressed after Ulrich had made important concessions to the estates in return for See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial aid . The duke's relations with the Swabian See also:

• LEAGUE

league, moreover, were very See also:

• BAD, BCD

bad, and trouble soon came from another See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter also . In 1511 Ulrich had married Sabina, a daughter of See also:

• ALBERT
• ALBERT (1490'1545)
• ALBERT (149o-1568)
• ALBERT (1522–1557)
• ALBERT (FRANCIS CHARLES AUGUSTUS ALBERT EMMANUEL) (1819—1861)
• ALBERT (FRIEDRICH RUDOLF ALBRECHT)
• ALBERT, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS
• ALBERT, MADAME (c. 2805—2846)

Albert III., duke of Bavaria-See also:

• MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich, and niece of the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor Maximilian . The See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage was a very unhappy one, and having formed an See also:

• AFFECTION (Lat. ad, and facere, to do something to, sc. a person)

affection for the wife of a See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

knight named Hans von See also:

• HUTTEN, PHILIPP VON (c. 1511—1546)
• HUTTEN, ULRICH VON (1488—1523)

Hutten, a kinsman of Ulrich von Hutten, the duke killed Hans in 1515 during an altercation . Hutten's See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends now joined the other elements of discontent . Fleeing from her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband, Sabina won the support of the emperor and of her See also:

• BROTHER

brother See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William IV., duke of Bavaria., and Ulrich was twice placed under the imperial See also:

• BAN

ban .

After the See also:

• DEATH

death of Maximilian in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1519 the Swabian league interfered in the struggle, and Ulrich was driven from Wurttemberg, which was afterwards sold by the league to the emperor See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles V . Ulrich passed some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time in See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland, France and See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, occupied with brigand exploits and in service under See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis I. of France; but he never lost sight of the possibility of recovering Wurttemberg, and about 1523 he announced his See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

conversion to the reformed faith . His opportunity came with the outbreak of the Peasants' War . Posing as the friend of the See also:

• LOWER

lower orders and See also:

• SIGNING

signing himself " Ulrich the See also:

• PEASANT (O. Fr. paysant, Mod. paysan; Lat. pagensis, belonging to the pagus or country; cf. " pagan ")

peasant," his former oppressions were forgotten and his return was anticipated with joy . See also:

• COLLECTING

Collecting men and money, mainly in France and Switzerland, he invaded Wurttemberg in See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1525, but the Swiss in his service were recalled owing to the defeat of Francis I. of France at See also:

• PAVIA (anc. Ticinum, q.v.)

Pavia; the peasantry were unable to give him any serious support, and in a few See also:

• WEEKS, EDWIN LORD (1849-1903)

weeks he was again a fugitive . During his See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile Ulrich had formed a friendship with See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip, See also:

• LANDGRAVE (Ger. Landgraf, from Land, " a country" and Graf, "count" )

landgrave of See also:

• HESSE
• HESSE (Lat. Hessia, Ger. Hessen)

Hesse; and his restoration, undertaken by Philip, is an event of some importance in the See also:

• POLITICAL

political See also:

• HISTORY

history of the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation . In 1526 Philip had declared he was anxious to restore the exiled duke, and about the same time Francis I. and See also:

• ZWINGLI, HULDREICH (1484—1531)

Zwingli had intimated their willingness to assist in a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general attack upon the Habsburgs . Many difficulties, however, barred the way, and it was 1J34 before Philip was prepared to strik In January of that See also:

• YEAR

year Francis I. had definitely promised assistance; the Swabian league had just been dissolved; and, after a manifesto had been issued by Ulrich and Philip justifying the proposed undertaking, Wurttemberg was invaded in See also:

• APRIL

April 1534 . Charles V. and his brother, the German king, See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand I., could send but little assistance to their lieutenants, and on the 13th of May the troops of the Habsburgs were completely defeated at Lauffen . In a few weeks Ulrich was restored, and in See also:

• JUNE

June 1534 a treaty was negotiated at Kaaden by which he was recognized as duke by Ferdinand, but was to hold Wurttemberg under See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian See also:

• SUZERAINTY

suzerainty . After some hesitation Ulrich yielded to the solicitations of Philip, and signed the treaty in February 1535 . The duke now lost no time in pressing on the teaching of the reformed doctrines of See also:

• LUTHER, MARTIN (1483-1546)

Luther and Zwingli .

Many convents and monasteries were destroyed, and extensive seizures of See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church See also:

• PROPERTY

property formed a welcome addition to his impoverished See also:

• EXCHEQUER

exchequer . See also:

• TAXATION
• TAXATION (from " tax," derived, through the French, from Lat. taxare, to appraise, which again is connected with the same root as tangere, to touch)

Taxation, however, was so heavy that he soon lost his temporary popularity . In April 1536 he joined the league of See also:

• SCHMALKALDEN

Schmalkalden, though he did not assent to some of the schemes of Philip of Hesse for attacking Charles V . In 1546 his troops fought against the emperor during the war of the league of Schmalkalden, but with disastrous results for Wurttemberg . The duchy was quickly overrun, and the duke compelled toagree to the treaty of See also:

• HEILBRONN

Heilbronn in January 1547 . By this treaty Charles, ignoring the See also:

• DESIRE

desire of Ferdinand to depose Ulrich again, allowed him to retain his duchy, but stipulated that he should pay a large sum of money, surrender certain fortresses, and appear as a suppliant before the emperor at See also:

• ULM

Ulm . Having submitted under compulsion to the See also:

• INTERIM

Interim issued from See also:

• AUGSBURG
• AUGSBURG, CONFESSION OF
• AUGSBURG, WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF

Augsburg in May 1548, Ulrich died on the 6th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1550 at See also:

• TUBINGEN

Tubingen, where he was buried . He See also:

• LEFT

left a son, See also:

• CHRISTOPHER, SAINT (Christophorus, Christoferus)

Christopher (1515-1568), who succeeded him .