URUGUAYANA  , a

city and river port of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, on the left bank of the Uruguay river, 348 ft. above sea-level (at the R . R. station) and about 36o m. in a direct line W. of Porto Alegre . Pop . (1900) 13,638 . A railway connects with Quarahim (47 m.) on the Uruguayan frontier, and thence by a Uruguayan line with Montevideo by way of Paysandfi . The same line extends N . 62 m. to the naval station of Itaquy . A cross-country line was under construction in 1909 to Cacequy, which is in direct communication with Porto Alegre and the city of Rio Grande . The upper Uruguay is navigable from the Quarahim to the town of Sao Tome, and small river steamers ply regularly between Ceibo, on the Argentine side, and the latter . Opposite Uruguayana is the Argentine town of Restauracion, or Paso los Libres . The river is 2 M. wide at this point, and 154 ft. above sea-level . Uruguayana is prettily situated on a low hill rising gently from the riverside and its low houses are surrounded by orange groves .

There are large military

barracks near the shore, a theatre and a custom-house . The surrounding country is chiefly pastoral, but there is a small area under vineyards, and in addition to grapes some other fruits are produced . Uruguayana was captured by a Paraguayan force under General Estigarribia on the 5th of August 1865, and was recaptured without a fight by the allied forces under General Bartolome Mitre on the 18th of September . The Paraguayan occupation left the town partially in ruins, and it remained in a decadent condition until near the end of the century, when reviving industries in the state and a renewal of railway construction promoted its commercial activity and growth .