VALLADOLID  , the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of Valladolid, situated 2228 ft. above See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea-level, at the confluence of the See also:

• RIVER

river Pisuerga with the Esgueva . Pop . (1900) 68,789 . Valladolid is an archbishopric, and the seat of an See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps, a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• APPEAL

appeal and a university . It is connected by numerous See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways with every province of See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain . Its site is a small valley, enclosed by steep and rugged but not very high hills, which See also:

• MERGE

merge into the vast upland See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain of See also:

• CASTILE, or CASTILLE (Castilla)

Castile . The See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city was formerly surrounded by walls and entered by four See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• GATES, HORATIO (1728-1806)

gates, but it has been to a See also:

• GREAT

great extent modernized, and possesses many See also:

• FINE

fine streets and squares . There are broad avenues and public gardens beside the See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers . Among the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief open spaces are the arcaded Plaza See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

Mayor, the Campo Grande, a wooded See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

park and the Pasco de la Avenida, a wide See also:

• BOULEVARD (a Fr. word, earlier boulevart, from Dutch or Ger. Bollwerk, cf. Eng. " bulwark ")

boulevard in which is the statue of the poet Jose Zorilla (1817–1893) . The See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral was begun in 1585 by Juan de See also:

• HERRERA, FERNANDO DE (c. 1534-1597)
• HERRERA, FRANCISCO (1576-1656)

Herrera in the See also:

• RENAISSANCE, THE

Renaissance See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style . Herrera's See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model is preserved in the See also:

• MUNIMENT

muniment-See also:

• ROOM

room, but only the See also:

• NAVE

nave and one See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower (out of four) were completed after his See also:

• DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design, and the tower See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell in 1841 . The See also:

• BUILDING

building was continued by Churriguera (d .

1725) . The interior contains some pictures by Luca Giordana (1623–1705) and the celebrated See also:

• SILVER

silver See also:

• MONSTRANCE (through the French from Lat. monstrare, to show)

monstrance wrought by Juan de Arphe (b . 1523), which is 61 ft. high; it is in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of a See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple, decorated with figures of See also:

• ADAM
• ADAM (or ADAN) DE LE HALE (died c. 1288)
• ADAM, ALEXANDER (1741–1809)
• ADAM, JULIETTE (1836– )
• ADAM, LAMBERT SIGISBERT (1700-1759)
• ADAM, MELCHIOR (d. 1622)
• ADAM, PAUL (1862– )
• ADAM, ROBERT (1728—1792)
• ADAM, SIR FREDERICK (1781-1853)
• ADAM, WILLIAM (1751-1839)

Adam and See also:

• EVE

Eve in the See also:

• GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

garden of See also:

• EDEN
• EDEN, SIR ASHLEY (1831-1887)

Eden . The tower and nave of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of See also:

• SANTA

Santa Maria la See also:

• ANTIGUA

Antigua date from about 1200 . The church of See also:

• SAN

San Pablo is later (1286); its chief feature of See also:

• INTEREST

interest is a beautiful Flamboyant portal, and formerly it had exquisite cloisters . Adjoining is San Gregorio (15th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century) with a fine Plateresque See also:

• FACADE

facade . San Benito, dating from the end of the 14th century, is a See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic building with a lofty roof finely groined . The Plateresque See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college of Santa Cruz, built by Enrique de Egas in 1479-92, contains an interesting collection of pictures and sculptures, including three pictures by See also:

• RUBENS, PETER PAUL (1577-164o)

Rubens, which have been somewhat damaged, and some remarkable wooden statues by Alonso Berruguete (d . 1581) and others . The college of San Gregorio, dating from the same See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, was wrecked by the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French in r8o8, but has a magnificent See also:

• LATE

late Gothic facade . This building has been converted into municipal offices . The university is attended by about 1200 students, and has faculties of See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine, natural See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science, See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy and literature .

Originally founded at See also:

• PALENCIA

Palencia See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in the 13th century, it was transferred to Valladolid before 1250 and attained its greatest prosperity from the 16th century to the 18th . The library contains many rare See also:

• MSS

MSS . The university buildings date from the 17th century and are extravagantly ornate . Among other public buildings of Valladolid may be mentioned the royal See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace, built in the beginning of the 17th century, the court-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, the See also:

• TOWN

town See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall, several convents used as See also:

• BARRACKS (derived through the French from the Late Lat. barra, a bar)
• BARRACKS, CAMP

barracks, the provincial See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

institute, training See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools for teachers and See also:

• PRIMARY

primary schools, royal See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

academy for See also:

• CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

cavalry cadets, provincial lunatic See also:

• ASYLUM (from Gr. b.-, privative, arid earl, right'of seizure)
• ASYLUM, RIGHT OF (Fr. droit d'asile; Ger. Asylrecht)

asylum, hospitals, See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

seminary (raised in 1897 by See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• LEO
• LEO (THE LION)
• LEO, BROTHER (d. c. 1270)
• LEO, HEINRICH (1799-1878)
• LEO, JOHANNES (c. 1494-1552)
• LEO, LEONARDO (1694–1744)

Leo XIII. to the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of a pontifical university), archaeological museum, picture See also:

• GALLERY (through Ital. galleria, from Med. Lat. galeria, of which the origin is unknown)

gallery and public library . The house in which Cervantes lived (1603–1606) is owned by the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state . The principal See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries are the manufacture of See also:

• LINEN

linen, See also:

• SILK

silk and woollen fabrics, pottery, See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold and silver See also:

• WORK

work, See also:

• FLOUR

flour, See also:

• WINE (Lat. vinum, Gr. oivos)

wine, See also:

• BEER

beer, See also:

• CHOCOLATE

chocolate, See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather, See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron-See also:

• WARE

ware and See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper . There is also a large agricultural See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade . Valladolid is sometimes identified with the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient Pintia of See also:

• PTOLEMY (CLAUDIUS PTOLEMAEUS)

Ptolemy, described as a town of the Vaccaei on the road from Asturica to Caesaraugusta . Its See also:

• ROMAN

Roman origin is uncertain . The See also:

• PRESENT

present name is undoubtedly Moorish, but its meaning is obscure . Valladolid was recovered from the See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

Moors in the loth century, but is first named in a public document by Sancho II. of See also:

• LEON
• LEON, LUIS PONCE DE (1527-1591)
• LEON, MOSES BEN SI
• LEON, or LEON DE LAS ALDAMAS

Leon in 1072 . The See also:

• CORTES
• CORTES, HERNAN

cortes of Castile frequently met here in the following centuries, and in the beginning of the 15th century See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John II. made it his principal See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence .

After the removal of the capital to See also:

• MADRID

Madrid by See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip II. in 156o it began rapidly to decay . In See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 18o8 it was taken and sacked by the French, who destroyed many fine buildings and See also:

• WORKS

works of See also:

• ART

art . See also:

• COLUMBUS
• COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER [in Spanish CRISTOBAL COLON] (c. 1446, or perhaps rather 1451, -15o6)

Columbus died (15o6) and Philip II. was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born (1527) at Valladolid .