ARMIN See also:

• ARMIN VAMBERY (1832– )

VAMBERY (1832– )  , Hungarian Orientalist and traveller, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born of humble parentage at Duna-Szerdahely, a See also:

• VILLAGE

village on the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of Shutt, in the See also:

• DANUBE (Ger. Donau, Hungarian Duna, Rumanian Dunarea, Lat. Danubius or Danuvius, and in the lower part of its course Ister)

Danube, on the 19th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1832 . He was educated at the village school until the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of twelve, and owing to congenital lameness had to walk with crutches . At an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early age he showed remarkable aptitude for acquiring See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages, but straitened circumstances compelled him to See also:

• EARN

earn his own living . After being for a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time apprentice to a ladies' tailor, he became See also:

• TUTOR (Lat. tutor, guardian, tueri, to watch over, protect)

tutor to an innkeeper's son . He next entered the untergymnasium of St Georgen, and proceeded thence to See also:

• PRESSBURG (Hung. Pozsony, Lat. Posonium)

Pressburg . Meanwhile he supported himself by teaching on a very small See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale, but his progress was such that at sixteen he had a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good knowledge of Hungarian, Latin, See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French and See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German, and was rapidly acquiring See also:

• ENGLISH

English and the Scandinavian languages, and also See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian, Servian and other See also:

• SLAVONIC, OLD

Slavonic See also:

• TONGUES, GIFT OF, or GLOSSOLALIA (yXwova, tongue, aXeiv, speak)

tongues . At the age of twenty he had obtained sufficient knowledge of See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish to See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead him to go to See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople, where he set up as teacher of See also:

• EUROPEAN

European languages, and shortly afterwards became a tutor in the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of See also:

• PASHA

Pasha Hussein Daim . Under the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of his friend and instructor, the Mollah Ahmed See also:

• EFFENDI (a Turkish word, corrupted from the Gr. wive rjr, a lord or master)

Effendi, he became, nominally at least, a full Osmanli, and entering the Turkish service, was afterwards secretary to Fuad Pasha . After spending six years in Constantinople, where he published a Turkish-German See also:

• DICTIONARY

Dictionary and various linguistic See also:

• WORKS

works, and where he acquired some twenty See also:

• ORIENTAL

Oriental languages and dialects, he visited See also:

• TEHERAN
• TEHERAN (more properly TEHRAN)

Teheran; and then, disguised as a See also:

• DERVISH

dervish, joined a See also:

• BAND

band of pilgrims from See also:

• MECCA (Arab. Makkah)

Mecca, and spent several months with them in rough and squalid travel through the deserts of See also:

• ASIA

Asia . He succeeded in maintaining his disguise, and on arriving at See also:

• KHIVA

Khiva went safely through two audiences of the See also:

• KHAN (from the Turki, hence Persian and Arabic Khan)

khan . Passing See also:

• BOKHARA (Bokhara-i-Sherif)
• BOKHARA, or BUKHARA (the common central Asian pronunciation is Bukhara)

Bokhara, they reached See also:

• SAMARKAND

Samarkand, where the emir, whose suspicions were aroused, kept him in See also:

• AUDIENCE (from Lat. audire, to hear)

audience for a full See also:

• HALF

half-See also:

• HOUR

hour; but he stood the test so well that the emir was not only pleased with "Resid Effendi " (See also:

• VAMBERY, ARMIN (1832– )

Vambery's assumed name), but gave him handsome presents . He then reluctantly turned back by way of See also:

• HERAT

Herat, where he took leave of the dervishes, and returned with a See also:

• CARAVAN (more correctly Karwan)

caravan to Teheran, and subsequently, in March 1864, through See also:

• TREBIZOND (Gr. Trapezus)

Trebizond and Erzerfim to Constantinople .

By the See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice of Prokesch-Osten and See also:

• EOTVOS, JOZSEF, BARON (1813–1871)

Eotvos, he paid a visit in the following See also:

• JUNE

June to See also:

• LONDON

London; there his daring adventures and linguistic triumphs made him the See also:

• LION
• LION (Lat, leo, leonis; Gr. Mew)

lion of the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day . In the same See also:

• YEAR

year he published his Travels in Central Asia . In connexion with this See also:

• WORK

work it must be remembered that Vambery could write down but a few furtive notes while with the dervishes, and dared I not take a single See also:

• SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

sketch; but the weird scenes, with their misery and suffering, were so strongly impressed on his memory that his See also:

• BOOK

book is convincing by its simplicity, directness and See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence of heroic endurance . Vambery also called the See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention of politicians to the movements of See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia in Central Asia, and aroused much See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• INTEREST

interest in that question . From London he went to See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, and he notes in his Autobiography that the Parisians were much more interested in his See also:

• STRANGE, SIR ROBERT (1721-1792)

strange manner of travelling than in the travels themselves . He had an inter= view with See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon III., who failed to impress him " as the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man which the See also:

• WORLD

world in general considers him." Returning to See also:

• HUNGARY
• HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

Hungary, he was appointed See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of Oriental languages in the university of See also:

• BUDAPEST

Budapest: there he settled down, contributing largely to See also:

• PERIODICALS

periodicals, and See also:

• PUBLISHING

publishing a number of books, chiefly in German and Hungarian . His travels have been translated into many languages, and his Autobiography was written in English . Amongst the best known of his works, besides those alluded to, are Wanderings and Adventures in See also:

• PERSIA

Persia (1867); Sketches of Central Asia (1868); See also:

• HISTORY

History of Bokhara (1873); See also:

• MANNERS, CHARLES (1857– )

Manners in Oriental Countries (1876); See also:

• PRIMITIVE

Primitive See also:

• CIVILIZATION

Civilization of the Turko-Tatar See also:

• PEOPLE

People (1879: Origin of the See also:

• MAGYARS

Magyars (1882); The Turkish People (1885) ; and Western Culture in Eastern Lands (1905) .