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MARTIN VAN BUREN (1782-1862)

CHARLES VAN DER STAPPEN (1843–1910)

ROGER VAN DER WEYDEN (c. 1400-1464)

EARL VAN DORN (182o-1863)

SIR ANTHONY VAN DYCK (1599–164r)

SIR WILLIAM CORNELIUS VAN HORNE (1843- )

STEPHEN VAN RENSSELAER (1764-1839)

SIR JOHN VANBRUGH (1664-1726)

ZEBULON BAIRD VANCE (1830-1894)

VANCOUVER ISLAND

GEORGE VANCOUVER (c. 1758-1798)

VANDALS (Lat. Vandili or Vandilii)

COUNT DOMINIQUE RENE VANDAMME (1770-1830)

CORNELIUS VANDERBILT (1794–1877)

JOHN VANDERLYN (1776–1852)

ADRIAN VANDEVELDE (1639-1672)

WILLIAM VANDEVELDE (1633-1707)

VANE (formerly spelt " fane," i.e. pennon, flag; cf. Ger. Feline, Du. vaan, Fr. girouette, Ital. banderuola, Ger. Wellerfahne)

SIR HENRY VANE (1589-1654)

SIR HENRY VANE (1613-1662)

JOHN BAPTIST VANLOO (1684-1745)

HENRY VANSITTART (1732-1770 or 1771)

LOUIS GUSTAVE VAPEREAU (1819–1906)

BENEDETTO VARCHI (1502-1565)

BERNHARDUS [BERNHARD VAREN] VARENIUS (1622-165o)

VARIA (mod. Vicovaro)

VARIATION AND SELECTION

VARIATIONS IN CLEARINGS AT NEW

CALCULUS VARIATIONS

CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS

VARICOSE VEINS (Lat. varix, a dilated vein)

VARIOLITES (Lat. variola, smallpox)

CORNELIUS VARLEY (1781-1873)

JOHN VARLEY (1778-1842)

KARL AUGUST VARNHAGEN VON ENSE (1785-1858)

MARCUS TERENTIUS VARRO (116—27 B.C.)

PUBLIUS TERENTIUS VARRO

VARTHEMA (BARTHEMA, VERTOMANNUS, &C.), LUDOVICO DI

VASA, or NIKOLAISTAD

GIORGIO VASARI (1511-1571)

VASCULAR SYSTEM

VASE (through Fr. from Lat. vas, a vessel, pl. vasa, of which the singular vasum is rarely found; the ultimate root is probably was-, to cover, seen in Lat: vestis, clothing, Eng. " vest," Gr. to-th c, and also in " wear," of garments)

VASSAL (Fr. vassal, vassaut, vassault, &c,)

VASTO (anc. Histonium)

THE VATICAN COUNCLL

JOHANN KARL WILHELM VATKE (1806-IS82)

EMERIC VATTEL (EMER) DE (1714-1767)

VAUD (Ger. Waadt)

CLAUDE FAVRE VAUGELAS

CHARLES JOHN VAUGHAN (1816-1897)

HENRY VAUGHAN (1622-1695)

HERBERT VAUGHAN (1832-1903)

THOMAS VAUGHAN (1622-1666)

WILLIAM VAUGHAN (1577-1641)

VAULT 1 (Fr. voute, Ital. volta, Ger. Gaavolbe)

JEAN VAUQUELIN DE LA FRESNAYE (1536-1608)

LOUIS NICOLAS VAUQUELIN (1763-1829)

MARQUIS DE LUC DE CLAPIERS VAUVENARGUES (1715-1747)

2ND BARON THOMAS VAUX VAUX OF HARROWDEN (1510-1556)

CALVERT VAUX (1824-1895)

VAVASSOR (Med. Lat. valvassor, vasvassor; Fr. vavassour, vavassor, vasseur, &c.)

VAYGACH (variously Waigats, Waigatch, &c.)

VECTOR ANALYSIS

VEDDAHS, or WEDDAHS (from Sanskrit veddha, " hunter ")

ELIHU VEDDER (1836- )

LOPE FELIX DE VEGA CARPIO (1562-1635)

GARCILASO DE LA VEGA

GARCILASO DE LA VEGA (1503-1536)

VEGETABLE MARROW

VEGETIUS (FLAvjUS VEGETIUS RENATUS)

VEGLIA (Slavonic, Krk)

VEIL (O.Fr. veile, mod. voile, from Lat. velum, cloth, awning, sail)

PHILIPP VEIT (1793-1877)

JOHN VEITCH (1829-1894)

VEJER DE LA FRONTERA

DIEGO RODRIGUEZ DE SILVA Y VELAZQUEZ (1599-166o)

VELIA (Gr. 'TEktl, later'EXfa)

VELIUS LONGUS (2nd cent. A.D.)

MARCUS VELLEIUS PATERCULUS (c. 19 B.C.-c. A.D. 31)

VELLETRI (anc. Velitrae)

WARS OF THE VENDEE

VENDETTA (Ital. from Lat. vindicta, revenge, vindicare, to defend oneself)

LOUIS JOSEPH VENDOME

Venern] with,the addition of the definite- article VENER [Wener or Miner; often written

VENERABLE (Lat. venerabilis, worthy of reverence, venerari, to reverence, to worship, allied to Venus, love; the Indo-Germ. root is wen-, to desire, whence Eng. " win, properly to struggle for, hence to gain)

VENEREAL DISEASES (from " venery," i.e. the pursuit of Venus, the goddess of love)

JEAN DE VENETTE (c. 1307-c. 1370)

VENICE (Venezia)

VENICE (continued)

VENISON (pronounced venzon)

HENRY VENN (1725–1797)

VENOSA (anc. Venusia, q.v.)

VENTILATION (Lat. ventilare, from ventus, wind)

VENTIMIGLIA (Fr. Vintimille, anc. Album Intimilium or Albintimilium)

VENTRILOQUISM (Lat. venter, belly, and loqui, to speak)

VENUE (derived through the French, from Lat. venire, to come)

VENUSIA (mod. Venosa, q.v.)

VERA CRUZ (officially VERA CRUZ LEAVE)

AUGUSTO VERA (1813-1885)

VERANDAH, or VERANDA

ISTVAN STEPHEN VERBOCZY

EUGENE JOSEPH VERBOECKHOVEN (1799-1881)

SUSANNA VERBRUGGEN (c. 1667-1703)

VERCELLI (anc. Vercellae)

VERCELLI BOOK (CODEX VERCELLENSIS)

VERDERER (O. Fr. verdier, Med. Lat. viridarius)

GIUSEPPE FORTUNINO FRANCESCO VERDI (1813-1901)

VERDICT (O. Fr. verdit, Lat. vere dictum, truly said, used in Late Latin in one word with its present significance)

JULIUS VON VERDY DU VERNOIS (1832- )

SIR FRANCIS VERE (1560-1609)

VASSILI VASSILIEVICH VERESHCHAGIN (1842-1904)

GIOVANNI VERGA (1840- )

VERGE (Lat. virga, a rod)

COMTE DE CHARLES GRAVIER VERGENNES (1717-1787)

VERGER (ALE. vergere; O. Fr. vergier; Med. Lat. virgarius, one who bears a rod or staff, an apparitor; Lat. virga, rod)

PIERRE VICTURNIEN VERGNIAUD (1753-1793)

EMILE VERHAEREN (1855– )

PAUL VERLAINE (1844–1896)

MICHEL MARIE CHARLES VERLAT (1824-189o)

VERMICELLI (plural of Ital. vermicello, little worm, Lat. vermicellus, diminutive of vermis, worm)

PIETRO MARTIRE VERMIGLI

VERMIN (Fr. vermine, formed as if from Lat. verminus, vcrmis, a worm)

AUGUSTE JEAN MARIE VERMOREL (1841-1871)

VERNACULAR (Lat. verna, dim. vernaculus, a slave horn in his master's house)

JULES VERNE (1828-1905)

PHILLIPPE EDOUARD POULLETIER DE VERNEUIL (180 1873)

PIERRE VERNIER (c. 1580–1637)

EDWARD VERNON (1684-1757)

VEROLI (anc. Verulae)

LOUIS DESIRE VERON (1798—1867)

PIERRE VERON (1831—1900)

CONGRESS OF VERONA

GAIUS VERRES (c. 120-43 B.C.)

MARCUS VERRIUS FLACCUS (c. ro B.C.)

VERS DE SOCIETE

VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

VERSECZ (Ger. Werschetz)

VERTICAL (from Lat. vertex, highest point)

VERTICAL HEEL OUTCT

VERTICAL PRESSURES ON HORIZONTAL JOINTS

GEORGE VERTUE (1684-1756)

VERTUMNUS (or VORTUMNUS, " turning," "changing ")

VESICA PISCIS (Fr. amande mystique)

VESPERS (officium vespertinum)

SICILIAN VESPERS

AMERIGO VESPUCCI (1451—1512)

VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

VESTA (Gr. 'Errata)

VESTERAS, or WESTERAS

VESTIBULE (from Lat. vestibulum)

GAETANO APPOLINO BALDASSARE VESTRIS (1729-18o8)

LUCIA ELIZABETH VESTRIS (1797—1856)

VESTRY (O.- Fr. vestiaire, Lat. vestiarium, a wardrobe)

VESUVIUS (also Vesevus in ancient poets)

VETERINARY SCIENCE (Lat. veterinarius, an adjective meaning " connected with beasts of burden and draught," from veterinus, " pertaining to yearlings," and vitulus, " a calf ")

VETO (Lat. for " I forbid ")

Vettern] with the addition of the definite article often written VETTER [Vallee or Wetter

VETULONIUM, or VETULONIA (Etruscan Veltuna)

LOUIS VEUILLOT (1813–1883)

VEVEY [German Vivis]

VEXILLUM (Lat. dim. of velum, piece of cloth, sail, awning, or from vehere, vest um, to carry)

VIANNA DO CASTELLO

VIATICUM (a Latin word meaning " provision for a journey"; Gr. rd E1xe&a)

VIBORG (Finnish Viipuri)

LOUIS GABRIEL CHARLES VICAIRE (1848-1900)

VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

VICENTE YANEZ PINION

GIL VICENTE (147o-1540)

VICEROY (from O. Fr. viceroy, mod. viceroi, i.e. Lat. vice, in place of, and roy or roi, king)

GIOVANNI BATTISTA VICO (1668-1744)

VICTOR ALEXANDER BRUCE

VICTOR AMEDEUS II

VICTOR EMMANUEL H

VICTOR EMMANUEL III

GAIUS JULIUS VICTOR (4th cent. A.D.)

SEXTUS AURELIUS VICTOR

VICTORIA (or VITTORIA), TOMMASSO LUDOVICO DA (C. I540-C. 1613)

VICTORIA NYANZA

VICTORIA [ALEXANDRINA VICTORIA]

GAIUS MARIUS VICTORINUS (4th century A.D.)

MARCO GIROLAMO VIDA (c. 1489-1566)

VIDAME (Lat. vice-dominus)

VIDIN (formerly written WIDIN Or WIDDIN)

FRANCOIS EUGENE VIDOCQ (1775–1857)

ISWAR CHANDRA VIDYASAGAR (1820-1891)

ANTONIO VIEIRA (1608-1697)

JOSEPH MARIE VIEN (1716-1809)

VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)

CONGRESS OF VIENNA (1814-1815)

COUNCIL OF VIENNE

DANIEL VIERGE (1851-1904)

VIETA (or VIETE), FRANCOIS, SEIGNEUR DE LA BIGOTIERE (1540-1603)

GUDBRANDR VIGFUSSON (1828-188g)

VIGIL (Lat. vigilia, "watch ")

VIGILANCE COMMITTEE

VIGILANTIUS (fl. c. 400)

PAUL DE VIGNE (1843-1901)

VIGNETTE (Fr. for " little vine ")

ALFRED DE VIGNY (1797-1863)

VIJAYANAGAR, or BIJANAGAR (" the city of victory ")

WILLIAM FREEMAN VILAS (1840-19o8)

VILLA DEL PILAR

VILLAFRANCA DI VERONA

VILLAGE COMMUNITIES

COUNT DE VILLAMEDIANA (1582-1622)

GIOVANNI VILLANI (c. 1245-1348)

VILLANUEVA DE LA SERENA

VILLANUEVA Y GELTRU

LOUIS THOMAS VILLARET DE JOYEUSE (1750-1812)

PASQUALE VILLARI (1827- )

PRINCE DE CLAUDE LOUIS HECTOR DE VILLARS

ESTEBAN MANUEL DE VILLEGAS (1589-1669)

GEOFFROY DE VILLEHARDOUIN (c. 116o-c. 1213)

COMTE DE JEAN BAPTISTE GUILLAUME MARIE ANNE SERAPHIN VILLELE (1773–1854)

ABEL FRANCOIS VILLEMAIN (179o-1867)

ENRIQUE DE VILLENA (1384-1434)

VILLENAGE (VILLAINAGE, VILLANAGE, VILLEINAGE)

PIERRE CHARLES JEAN BAPTISTE SILVESTRE VILLENEUVE (1763-r8o6)

FRANCOIS DE NEUFVILLE VILLEROI

VILLERS LA VILLE

MARQUIS DE CHARLES VILLETTE (1736-1793)

CHARLES PELHAM VILLIERS (1802-1898)

JEAN BAPTISTE GASPARD VILLOISON

FRANCOIS VILLON (1431-c. 1463)

VILNA, or WILN0

VILNA, or WILNO

VINCENT (or VINCENTIUS), ST

ST VINCENT FERRER (1355-1419)

VINCENT OF BEAUVAIS, or VINCENTIUS BELLOVACENSIS (c. 1190-c. 1264)

VINCENT OF LERINS, ST, or VINCENTIS LERINENSIS (d. c. A.D. 450)

GEORGE VINCENT (1796-1831?)

MARY ANN VINCENT (1818-1887)

LEONARDO VINCI (1690-173o)

SIR ROBERT VINER (1631-1688)

ALEXANDRE RODOLPHE VINET (1791-1847)

VINLAND (Old Norse, Vinland, i.e. Vineland or Wineland)

PAUL VINOGRADOFF (1854- )

JOSEPH VINOY (1803-1880)

FREDERIC PORTER VINTON (1846– )

alto] Ital. viola Ger. Bratsche VIOLA [Fr. viole

PAUL MARIE VIOLLET (184o- )

VIOLONCELLO (Fr. violoncelle, Ger. Violoncell, Ital. violoncello)

GIOVANNI BATTISTA VIOTTI (1753-1824)

RUDOLF VIRCHOW (1821-1902)