See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

HENRY See also:

• HENRY VANSITTART (1732-1770 or 1771)

VANSITTART (1732-1770 or 1771)  , Anglo-See also:

• INDIAN

Indian See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• LONDON

London on the 3rd of See also:

• JUNE

June 1732 . His See also:

• FATHER

father, See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur See also:

• VAN

van Sittart (1691-176o), and his grandfather, See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter van Sittart (1651-1705), were both wealthy merchants and See also:

• DIRECTORS

directors of the See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia See also:

• COMPANY

company . Peter, a See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant adventurer, who had migrated from See also:

• DANZIG, or DANTSIC (Polish Gdansk)

Danzig to London about 167o, was also a director of the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India company . The See also:

• FAMILY

family name is taken from the See also:

• TOWN

town of Sittard in See also:

• LIMBURG
• LIMBURG, or LIMEOURG

Limburg . Educated at See also:

• READING

Reading school and at See also:

• WINCHESTER
• WINCHESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Winchester See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college, See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• VANSITTART, HENRY (1732-1770 or 1771)

Vansittart joined the society of the See also:

• FRANCISCANS (otherwise called Friars Minor, or Minorites; also the Seraphic Order ; and in England Grey Friars, from the colour of the habit, which, however, is now brown rather than grey)

Franciscans, or the " See also:

• HELL (0. Eng. hel, a Teutonic word from a root meaning " to cover," cf. Ger. Holle, Dutch hel)

Hell-See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

club," at Medmenham, his See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers, Arthur and See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert, being also members of this fraternity . In 1745 he entered the He succeeded his See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin, See also:

• SOLOMON, ODES OF
• SOLOMON, PSALMS OF

Solomon Van See also:

• RENSSELAER

Rensselaer (1744-1852), who was in the See also:

• REGULAR

regular See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army in 1792-1800, who had fought under See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General See also:

• ANTHONY, SAINT
• ANTHONY, SUSAN BROWNELL (1820-1906)

Anthony See also:

• WAYNE, ANTHONY (1745-1796)

Wayne at Maumee Rapids in 1794 and under See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

Stephen Van Rensselaer at Queenston Heights in 1812, and who was in the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of Representatives in 1819-1822.service of the East India company and sailed for Fort St See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David; here he showed himself very industrious, made the acquaintance of Robert See also:

• CLIVE, CAROLINE (1801-1873)
• CLIVE, CATHERINE [KITTY] (1711-1785)
• CLIVE, ROBERT CLIVE, BARON (1725-1774)

Clive and See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose rapidly from one position to another . As a member of the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council of See also:

• MADRAS

Madras he helped to defend the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city against the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French in 1759, and in See also:

• JULY

July 176o he went to See also:

• BENGAL
• BENGAL, BAY OF

Bengal as See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the council and governor of Fort See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William . Courageously facing the difficulties of his new position, which included a serious lack of funds, he deposed the subadar of Bengal, Mir Jafar, whom he replaced by his son-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, Mir Kasim, a circumstance which increased the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province . He was, however, less successful in another direction . Practically all the company's servants were traders in their private capacity, and as they claimed various privileges and exemptions this See also:

• SYSTEM

system was detrimental to the interests of the native princes and gave rise to an enormous amount of corruption . Vansittart sought to check this, and in 1762 he made a ~ treaty with Mir Kasim, but the See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of his council were against , him and in the following See also:

• YEAR

year this was repudiated . See also:

• REPRISALS (Fr. represailles, from reprendre; Lat. reprehendere, to take back)

Reprisals on the See also:

• PART

part of the subadar were followed by See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war; and, ' annoyed at the failure of his pacific schemes, the governor resigned and returned to England in 1764 .

His conduct was attacked before the See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of directors in London, but events seemed to prove that he was in the right, and in 1769 he became a director of the company, having in the previous year obtained a seat in See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament . He was now sent on an important See also:

• MISSION

mission to India; he See also:

• LEFT

left England in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1769, but the See also:

• SHIP

ship in which he sailed was lost at See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea See also:

• LATE

late in 1770 or See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in 1971 . One of his five sons was See also:

• NICHOLAS
• NICHOLAS (1841– )
• NICHOLAS (or NICLAES), HENRY (or HENDRIK) (c. 1501-C. 158o)
• NICHOLAS, SIR EDWARD (1593-1669)
• NICHOLAS, ST

Nicholas Vansittart, See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron See also:

• BEXLEY
• BEXLEY, NICHOLAS VANSITTART, BARON (1766-1851)

Bexley (q.v.) . To defend his conduct in Bengal Vansittart published some papers as A Na, rative of the Transactions in Bengal from I76o to 1764 (London, 1766) . Vansittart's See also:

• BROTHER

brother, Robert Vansittart (1728-1789), who was educated at Winchester and at Trinity College, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, was regius See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of See also:

• CIVIL

civil law. at Oxford from 1757 until his See also:

• DEATH

death on the 31st of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1789 . Another brother, See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George Vansittart (1745-1825), of Bisham See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

Abbey, See also:

• BERKSHIRE [abbreviated Berks, pronounced Berkshire]
• BERKSHIRE, THOMAS HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF (1587–1669)

Berkshire, was the father of General George Henry Vansittart (1768-'824) and of See also:

• VICE

Vice-See also:

• ADMIRAL

Admiral Henry Vansittart (1777-1843) . VAN'T HOFF, JACOBUS HENDRICUS (1852- ), Dutch chemist and physicist, was born in See also:

• ROTTERDAM

Rotterdam on the 3oth of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1852 . He studied from 1869 to 1871 at the See also:

• POLYTECHNIC (Gr. aroWus, many, and rEXvn, an art)

polytechnic at See also:

• DELFT

Delft, in 1871 at the university of See also:

• LEIDEN

Leiden, in 1872 with F . A . See also:

• KEKULE, FRIEDRICH AUGUST (1829-1896)

Kekule at See also:

• BONN

Bonn, in 1873 with C . A . See also:

• WURTZ, CHARLES ADOLPHE (1817–1884)

Wurtz at See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, and in 1874, when he tcok his See also:

• DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

doctor's degree, with E .

Mulder at See also:

• UTRECHT
• UTRECHT, TREATY OF

Utrecht . In 1876 he became lecturer on physics at the veterinary school at Utrecht, and two years later he was chosen professor of See also:

• CHEMISTRY
• CHEMISTRY (formerly "chymistry"; Gr. xvµela; for derivation see ALCHEMY)

chemistry, See also:

• MINERALOGY

mineralogy and See also:

• GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

geology in See also:

• AMSTERDAM
• AMSTERDAM (NEw AMSTERDAM)

Amsterdam University . In 1894 he declined an invitation to the See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair of physics at See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin University, but in 1896 he went to Berlin as professor to the Prussian See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy of Sciences, with a See also:

• SALARY

salary and a laboratory, but freedom to do whatever he liked; and at the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he accepted an honorary professorship in the university so that he might lecture if he were so minded . On taking up these appointments he announced that, the application of See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics to chemistry remaining his See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief aim, he proposed to devote himself to the study of the formation of oceanic See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

salt deposits, with See also:

• SPECIAL

special reference to the See also:

• STASSFURT

Stassfurt deposits . He may be regarded as the founder of the See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine of stereoisornerism (q.v.), for he was the first, in 1874, to intro-duce a, definite See also:

• MECHANICAL

mechanical theory of See also:

• VALENCY

valency,. and to connect the See also:

• OPTICAL

optical activity exhibited by many See also:

• CARBON (symbol C, atomic weight 12)

carbon compounds with their chemical constitution . In respect of this doctrine of the " See also:

• ASYMMETRIC

asymmetric carbon See also:

• ATOM (Gr. &rows, indivisible, from a- privative, and TE,aPfw, to cut)

atom," van't Hoff's name is generally linked with that of J . A. le See also:

• BEL

Bel (born on the 21st of January 1847, at Pechelbronn, See also:

• LOWER

Lower See also:

• ALSACE (Ger. Elsass)

Alsace), who, only two months later, independently enunciated the theory of asymmetric combinations with carbon; though it must be noted that J . See also:

• WISLICENUS, JOHANNES (1835-1902)

Wislicenus, to whom van't Hoff, in fact, acknowledged his indebtedness, had already suggested that in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to explain the constitution of certain organic bodies, the tridimensional arrangement of atoms in space must be taken into See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account . For this See also:

• WORK

work van't Hoff and Le Bel received the See also:

• DAVY, SIR HUMPHRY

Davy See also:

• MEDAL (Fr. medaille, from Lat. metallum)

medal jointly from the Royal Society in 1893 . From 1874 to 1884 van't Hoff's See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention was mainly given to the law of See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass-See also:

• ACTION

action, and he established the theorem known by his name, which connects quantitative displacement of See also:

• EQUILIBRIUM (from the Lat. aequus, equal, and libra, a balance)

equilibrium with See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change of temperature . From 1885 to 1895 he was engaged on the theory of solutions, and developing the See also:

• ANALOGY (Gr. avaXo-yLa, proportion)

analogy between dilute solutions and gases he showed that the osmotic pressure of a See also:

• SOLUTION (from Lat. solvere, to loosen, dissolve)

solution has the same value as the pressure that solute would exert if it were contained as a See also:

• GAS

gas in the same See also:

• VOLUME

volume as is occupied by the solution . From 1885 he published the Zeitschrift See also:

• FUR (connected with O. Fr. forre, a sheath or case; so " an outer covering ")

fur physikalische Chemie, in collaboration with Professor W .

Ostwald of See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig .