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SIR FRANCIS VERE (1560-1609)

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 1021 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIR See also:FRANCIS See also:VERE (1560-1609)  , See also:English soldier, was the son of See also:Geoffrey See also:Vere of Crepping See also:Hall, See also:Essex, and See also:nephew of the 16th See also:earl of See also:Oxford . He first went on active service under See also:Leicester in 1585, and was soon in the thick of the See also:war raging in the See also:Low Countries . At the See also:siege of See also:Sluys See also:young Vere greatly distinguished himself under See also:Sir See also:Roger See also:Williams and Sir See also:Thomas See also:Baskerville . In 1588 he was in the See also:garrison of See also:Bergen-op-Zoom, which delivered itself from the besiegers by its own See also:good fighting, and was knighted by See also:Willoughby on the See also:field of See also:battle . In the next See also:year Sir See also:Francis became sergeantmajor-See also:general of the English troops in the Low Countries, and soon afterwards the See also:chief command devolved upon him . This position he retained during fifteen See also:campaigns, with almost unbroken success . Working in See also:close co-operation with the Dutch forces under See also:Maurice, he step by step secured the See also:country for the cause of See also:independence . Vere won the reputation of being the first soldier of the See also:day, his English troops acquired a cohesion and training fitting them to See also:face the best See also:Spanish troops, and his See also:camp became the fashionable training-ground of all aspiring soldiers, amongst others not only his See also:brother See also:Horace, but men of such See also:note as Ferdinando (See also:Lord) See also:Fairfax, Gervase See also:Markham and See also:Miles See also:Standish . Sir Francis served in the See also:Cadiz expedition of 1596, and in 1598 was entrusted with the negotiation of the treaty whereby the Dutch agreed to take a greater See also:share of the See also:burden of the war than they had hitherto done . His success in this task obtained him the governorship of See also:Brill and the See also:rank of general . The culminating point of his career came when, in 1600, on the See also:advice of Barneveld, the states general decided to carry the war into the enemy's country . In the battle of Nieuwport (2nd See also:July 1600), one of the most desperately contested battles of the See also:age, Vere and Maurice completely defeated the See also:veteran Spanish troops of the See also:archduke See also:Albert .

This was followed by the celebrated See also:

defence of See also:Ostend from July 16oI to See also:March 1602 . When See also:James I. made See also:peace with See also:Spain, Vere retired from active service and spent the See also:remainder of his days in country See also:life in See also:England, occupying himself with the compilation of his Commentaries of the See also:Divers Pieces of Service wherein he had Command (1657; re-printed in See also:Arber's English Garner, 1883) . He died in 1609, soon after the truce recognized the independence of the See also:United Provinces, and was buried in See also:Westminster See also:Abbey . His younger brother SIR HORACE VERE, See also:BARON VERE OF TILBURY (1565-1635), began his military career as the See also:lieutenant of Sir Francis's See also:Company in 1590 . Thenceforward he was continually on active service in the Low Countries, and, like his brother, took See also:part in the Cadiz expedition of 1596; at Nieuwport and Ostend Sir Horace (who had been knighted at Cadiz) held command of some importance . On his brother's retirement Sir Horace, as See also:senior See also:colonel, assumed command of the whole English force, which he held until 1607, being opposed to Ambrosio See also:Spinola, the most famous of the See also:continental generals of the See also:time, against whom he manoeuvred and fought in a manner equal to the best of his brother's, or even of See also:Parma's, See also:work . From 1607 to 162o he saw but little active service except the siege of Jiilich (161o) . In 1620 he accepted the command of the See also:volunteers who were going to the assistance of the Elector See also:Palatine . This famous expedition to the See also:Rhine and the See also:Main was from the first a forlorn See also:hope . Opposed by his old adversary Spinola, Vere manoeuvred with success for two campaigns, but he was helpless against the armies of See also:Tilly and See also:Cordova, and in the end he could only furnish scanty garrisons for See also:Frankenthal, See also:Heidelberg and See also:Mannheim . Each of these places See also:fell after a desperate resistance, and their garrisons returned to England . In 1624 Vere was once more on service in the United Provinces .

The attempted See also:

relief of See also:Breda in the following year was considered one of the most brilliant feats of the time, and the general was made Baron Vere of Tilbury . In 1629 the sieges of Bois-le-duc (s'Hertogenbosch) and of Maestricht closed his military career . Lord Vere died suddenly in 1635 and was buried by the See also:side of his brother in Westminster Abbey . See Clements C . Markham, The Fighting Veres (See also:London, 1888) .

End of Article: SIR FRANCIS VERE (1560-1609)
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