See also:

• GAIUS

GAIUS See also:

• GAIUS VERRES (c. 120-43 B.C.)

VERRES (c. 120-43 B.C.)  , See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• MAGISTRATE (Lat. magistratus, from magister, master, properly a public office, hence the person holding such an office)

magistrate, notorious for his misgovernment of See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily . It is not known to what gens he belonged . He at first supported See also:

• MARIUS, GAIUS (r55–86 B.c.)

Marius and the popular party, but soon went over to the other See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side . See also:

• SULLA, LUCIUS CORNELIUS (138–78 B.C.)

Sulla made him a See also:

• PRESENT

present of See also:

• LAND

land at Beneventum, and secured him against See also:

• PUNISHMENT (from Lat. punire, to punish, from poena, punishment, Gr. 7rocvil)

punishment for See also:

• EMBEZZLEMENT (A.-Fr. embesilement, from beseler or besillier, to destroy)

embezzlement . In 8o, See also:

• VERRES, GAIUS (c. 120-43 B.C.)

Verres was See also:

• QUAESTOR (from Lat. quaero, investigate)

quaestor in See also:

• ASIA

Asia on the See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff of Cn . See also:

• CORNELIUS
• CORNELIUS, CARL AUGUST PETER (1824-1874)
• CORNELIUS, PETER VON (1784–1867)

Cornelius See also:

• DOLABELLA, PUBLIUS CORNELIUS

Dolabella, See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of See also:

• CILICIA

Cilicia . The governor and his subordinate plundered in See also:

• CONCERT (through the French from Lat. con-, with, and certare, to strive)

concert, till in 78 Dolabella had to stand his trial at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, and was convicted, mainly on the See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence of Verres, who thus secured a See also:

• PARDON (through the Fr. from Late Lat. perdonare, to remit a debt or other obligation on a penalty)

pardon for himself . In 74, by a lavish use of bribes, Verres secured the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city praetorship, and, as a creature of Sulla, abused his authority to further the See also:

• POLITICAL

political ends of his party . He was then sent as governor to Sicily, the richest of the Roman provinces . The See also:

• PEOPLE

people were for the most See also:

• PART

part prosperous and contented, but under Verres the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island experienced more misery and desolation than during the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the first Punic or the See also:

• RECENT

recent servile See also:

• WARS

wars . The See also:

• CORN (a common Teutonic word; cf. Lat. granum, seed, grain)
• CORN (fromm Lat. corms, horn)

corn-growers and the See also:

• REVENUE
• REVENUE (0. Fr. revenu, from revenir, to return)

revenue See also:

• COL
• COL (Fr. for " neck," Lat. collum)

col-lectors were ruined by exorbitant imposts or by the iniquitous cancelling of contracts; temples and private houses were robbed of their See also:

• WORKS

works of See also:

• ART

art; and the rights of Roman citizens were disregarded . Verres returned to Rome in 70, and in the same See also:

• YEAR

year, at the See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of the Sicilians, See also:

• CICERO

Cicero prosecuted him .

Verres entrusted his See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence to the most eminent of Roman See also:

• ADVOCATES, FACULTY OF

advocates, Q . See also:

• HORTENSIUS, QUINTUS
• HORTENSIUS, QUINTUS (114—50 B.C.)

Hortensius, and he had the sympathy and support of several of the leading Roman nobles . The See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court was composed exclusively of senators, some of whom might have been his See also:

• PERSONAL

personal See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends . But the presiding See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge, the city See also:

• PRAETOR (Lat. prae-itor, " he who goes before," "a leader")

praetor, M' . Acilius See also:

• GLABRIO

Glabrio, was a thoroughly honest See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man, and his assessors were at least not accessible to See also:

• BRIBERY (from the O. Fr. briberie, begging or vagrancy, bribe, Mid. Lat. briba, signifying a piece of bread given to beggars; the Eng. " bribe " has passed through the meanings of alms, blackmail and extortion, to gifts received or given in order to influ

bribery . Verres vainly tried to get the trial postponed till 6g when his friend See also:

• METELLUS

Metellus would be the presiding judge, but in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August Cicero opened the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case . The effect of the first brief speech was so overwhelming that Hortensius refused to reply, and recommended his client to leave the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . Before the expiration of the nine days allowed for the See also:

• PROSECUTION

prosecution Verres was on his way to Massilia . There he lived in See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile till 43, when he was proscribed by Antony, the See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason alleged being his refusal to surrender some of his art treasures which Antony coveted . Verres may not have been quite so See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black as he is painted by Cicero, on whose speeches we depend entirely for our knowledge of him, but there can hardly be a doubt that he stood pre-eminent among the worst specimens of Roman provincial See also:

• GOVERNORS

governors . Of the seven Verrine orations only two were actually delivered; the remaining five were compiled from the depositions of witnesses, and published after the See also:

• FLIGHT

flight of Verres .