Online Encyclopedia

VICTOR ALEXANDER BRUCE

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 269 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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VICTOR ALEXANDER BRUCE  , 9th
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earl of
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Elgin (1849— ),
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British statesman, was born on the 16th of May 1849, the son of the 8th earl, and was educated at
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Eton and Balliol College, Oxford . In 1863 he succeeded as 9th earl of Elgin and 13th of Kincardine . A Liberal in politics, he became first
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commissioner of
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works (1886), and subsequently viceroy of India (1894-1899) . His administration in India was chiefly notable for the frontier risings of 1897-1898 . The Afridis broke out into a fanatical revolt and through hesitation on the
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part of the government were allowed to seize the Khyber Pass, necessitating the
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Tirah Expedition . After his return to England he was nominated chairman of the royal commission to investigate the conduct of the South
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African War; and on the formation of
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Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman's
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ministry in December 19os, he became a member of the
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cabinet as secretary of state for the colonies . In this capacity, though he showed many statesmanlike qualities, he was somewhat overshadowed by his brilliant under-secretary in the
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Commons, Mr Winston Churchill, whose speeches on colonial affairs were as aggressive as Lord Elgin's were cautious; and when in
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April 1908, Mr Asquith became prime minister, Lord Elgin retired from the cabinet .

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