See also:

• VIDAME (Lat. vice-dominus)

VIDAME (See also:

• LAT

Lat. See also:

• VICE

vice-See also:

• DOMINUS (from an Indo-European root dam-, cf. Gr. Sapav, to subdue, and Eng. " tame ")

dominus)  , a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French feudal See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title . The See also:

• VIDAME (Lat. vice-dominus)

vidame was originally, like the avoue (advocatus), an See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official chosen by the See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of the See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese, with the consent of the See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count (see See also:

• ADVOCATE (Lat. advocatus, from advocare, to summon, especially in law to call in the aid of a counsel or witness, and so generally to summon to one's assistance)

ADVOCATE) . Unlike the advocate, however, the See also:

• VICE

vice-See also:

• DOMINUS (from an Indo-European root dam-, cf. Gr. Sapav, to subdue, and Eng. " tame ")

dominus was at the outset an ecclesiastic, who acted as the bishop's See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant (locum tenens) or See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar . But the causes that changed the See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character of the advocatus operated also in the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of the vidame . During the Carolingian See also:

• EPOCH (Gr. E7roxij, holding in suspense, a pause, from E1rxav, to hold up, to stop)

epoch, indeed, advocatus and vice-dominus were interchangeable terms; and it was only in the 11th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century `that they became generally differentiated: the title of avoue being commonly reserved for nobles charged with the See also:

• PROTECTION

protection of an See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

abbey, that of vidame for those guarding an episcopal see . With the See also:

• CRYSTALLIZATION

crystallization of the feudal See also:

• SYSTEM

system in the 12th century the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office of vidame, like that of avoue, had become an hereditary See also:

• FIEF

fief . As a title, however, it was much less See also:

• COMMON

common and also less dignified than that of avoue . The advocati were often See also:

• GREAT

great barons who added their See also:

• FUNCTION

function of See also:

• PROTECTOR

protector of an abbey to their own temporal See also:

• SOVEREIGNTY

sovereignty; whereas the vidames were usually See also:

• PETTY, SIR WILLIAM (1623-1687)

petty nobles, who exercised their office in strict subordination to the bishop . Their See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief functions were: to protect the temporalities of the see, to represent the bishop at the count's See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice, to exercise the bishop's temporal See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction in his name (placitum or See also:

• CURIA

curia vice-domini) and to See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead the episcopal levies to See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war . In return they usually had a See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house near the episcopal See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace, a domain within and without the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city, and sometimes the right to See also:

• LEVY (Fr. levee, from lever, Lat. levare, to lift, raise)
• LEVY, AMY (1861–1889)
• LEVY, AUGUSTE MICHEL (1844– )

levy certain dues on the city . The vidames usually took their title from the see they represented, but not infrequently they styled themselves, not after their official fief, but after their private seigneuries . Thus the vidame de Picquigny was the representative of the bishop of See also:

• AMIENS

Amiens, the vidame de Gerberoy of the bishop of See also:

• BEAUVAIS

Beauvais .

In many See also:

• SEES

sees there were no vidames, their function being exercised by viscounts or chatelains . With the growth of the central See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power and of that of the municipalities the vidames gradually lost all importance, and the title became merely honorary See A . See also:

• LUCHAIRE, DENIS JEAN ACHILLE (1846-1908)

Luchaire, See also:

• MANUEL, EUGENE (1823–1901)
• MANUEL, JACQUES ANTOINE (1775-1827)
• MANUEL, LOUIS PIERRE (1751-1793)

Manuel See also:

• DES

des institutions francaises (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1892); Du Cange,, Glossarium (ed . See also:

• NIORT

Niort, 1887), s . " Vice-dominus "; A . See also:

• MALLET (or MALLOCH), DAVID (?17o5–1765)
• MALLET, PAUL HENRI (173o–18o7)

Mallet, " Etude hist. sur See also:

• LES

les avou6s et les vidames," in Position des theses de l'Ecole des chartes (an . 1870-72) .