See also:

• VOLUTE (Lat. volution, volvere, to roll up)

VOLUTE (See also:

• LAT

Lat. volution, volvere, to See also:

• ROLL (O. Fr. rolle, roulle, mod. role, Lat. rotulus, dim. of rota, wheel)
• ROLL, ALFRED PHILIPPE (1846– )

roll up)  , in See also:

• ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture, the See also:

• SPIRAL

spiral See also:

• SCROLL

scroll of the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the Ionic See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order . As in the earliest example known, that of the archaic See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple of See also:

• DIANA

Diana at See also:

• EPHESUS
• EPHESUS, COUNCIL OF

Ephesus, the width of the See also:

• ABACUS (Gr. 15t(34, a slab; Fr. abaque, tailloir)

abacus is twice that of the See also:

• DEPTH

depth, constituting therefore a See also:

• BRACKET

bracket-capital; it is probable that at first it consisted of an oblong See also:

• BLOCK
• BLOCK (from the Fr. bloc, and possibly connected with an Old Ger. Block, obstruction, cf. " baulk ")
• BLOCK, MAURICE (1816–19or)

block of See also:

• TIMBER

timber, which, raised on a See also:

• VERTICAL (from Lat. vertex, highest point)

vertical See also:

• POST

post or See also:

• COLUMN (Lat. columna)

column, lessened the bearing of the See also:

• ARCHITRAVE (from Lat. arcus, an arch, and trabs, trabem, a beam)

architrave or See also:

• BEAM
• BEAM (from the O. Eng. beam, cf. Ger. Baum, a tree, to which sense may be referred the use of " beam " as meaning the rood or crucifix, and the survival in certain names of trees, as horn-beam)

beam, and the first volutes or scrolls were painted on . In votive columns carrying a See also:

• SPHINX (Gr. Q¢lyyea', to draw tight, squeeze)

sphinx, as at See also:

• DELPHI (the Pytho of Homer and Herodotus; in Boeotian inscriptions BeA4oi, on coins Aa)tg5oi)

Delphi, or statues, the oblong See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of capital with largely See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed volutes was See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long retained, but in the porticoes of the See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek temples the abacus was made square and the See also:

• VOLUTE (Lat. volution, volvere, to roll up)

volute diminished in See also:

• PROJECTION

projection on each See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side . In the side See also:

• ELEVATION

elevation the portion of the capital which joins the two volutes is known as the See also:

• CUSHION (from O. Fr. coisson, coussin; according to the New English Dict., from Lat. coxa, a hip; others say from Lat. culcita, a quilt)

cushion, and when the Ionic column was used in porticoes in the capitals of the See also:

• ANGLE (from the Lat. angulus, a corner, a diminutive, of which the primitive form, angus, does not occur in Latin; cognate are the Lat. angere, to compress into a bend or to strangle, and the Gr. ayKOS, a bend; both connected with the Aryan root ank-, to

angle columns the volute was brought out on the See also:

• DIAGONAL (Gr. &a, through, ywvia, a corner)

diagonal, so as to See also:

• PRESENT

present the same See also:

• DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design on front and side; this, however, at the back led to a very awkward arrangement with two See also:

• HALF

half volutes at right angles to one another, which was not of much importance under the See also:

• PORTICO (Ital. for " porch," Lat. porticus)

portico, but when, in the open See also:

• PERISTYLE (Gr. wept, round, and oriaos, column)

peristyle of the Pompeian See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, it faced the open See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, another design was necessary, and the angle volute was employed on all four sides . A similar arrangement was devised by See also:

• ICTINUS

Ictinus for the capitals in the interior of the temple at Bassae (430 B.C.), and was employed in the semi-detached columns of the raised See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage at See also:

• EPIDAURUS

Epidaurus . The See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans adopted the angle volute in the temple of See also:

• FORTUNA (FORTUNE)

Fortuna Virilis at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, but, except in their porticoes and as semi-detached between See also:

• ARCHES, COURT OF

arches, the Ionic order was rarely employed by them, and few See also:

• ROMAN

Roman examples are known . The architects of the Revival in the 16th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century entirely misunderstood the origin and meaning of the volutes (the upper See also:

• FILLET (through Fr. filet, from the med. Lat. filettum, diminutive of filum, a thread)

fillet of which was always carried horizontally across under the abacus in Greek and Roman See also:

• WORK

work), and mistook them for horns, which they turned down into the See also:

• ECHINUS (Gr. for " hedge-hog " or " sea-urchin ")

echinus moulding .