Online Encyclopedia

CHARLES WACHSMUTH (1829-1896)

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 225 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CHARLES WACHSMUTH (1829-1896)  ,
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American palaeontologist, was born in Hanover, Germany, on the 13th of September 1829 . Educated as a lawyer in his native city, he abandoned the profession on account of
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ill-
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health, and in 1852 went to New York as agent for a
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Hamburg
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shipping house . Two years later, for reasons of health, he removed to
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Burlington,
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Iowa, U.S.A., where he settled . Here he was attracted by the fossils, and especially the crinoids, of the Burlington
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Limestone, and in a few years possessed a
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fine collection . In 1864 he made acquaintance with L . Agassiz, and in the following
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year paid a visit to
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Europe, where he studied the crinoids in the
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British Museum and other famous collections . He now decided to devote all his energies to the elucidation of the crinoidea, and with
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signal success . He made further extensive collections, and supplied specimens to the Agassiz museum at Cambridge, U.S.A., and the British Museum . Becoming acquainted with Frank Springer (1848– ), a lawyer at Burlington, he stirred up his
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enthusiasm in the subject, and together they continued the study of crinoids and published a series of important papers . These include "
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Discovery of the Ventral Structure of Taxocrinus and Haplocrinus, and Consequent Modifications in the Classification of the Crinoidea " (Prot . Acad . Nat .

Sci.,

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Philadelphia, 1889); " The Perisomic Plates of the Crnnoids " (Ibid., 1891); and a monograph on " The North American Crinoidea Camerata," published, after the
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death of Wach.smuth, in the
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Memoirs of the Museum of
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Comparative Zoology at Harvard (1897) . Of this last-named
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work a detailed review and analysis was published by F . A . Bather, of the British Museum, in the Geol . Mag. for 1898-1899 . Wachsmuth died on the 7th of
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February 1896 . Obituary (with portrait) by F . A . Bather, Geol . Mag . (
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April 1896) .

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