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SIR THOMAS FRANCIS WADE (1818-1895)

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 228 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIR See also:THOMAS See also:FRANCIS See also:WADE (1818-1895)  , See also:British diplomatist, See also:born in See also:London on the 25th of See also:August 1818, was the son of See also:Major See also:Wade of the See also:Black See also:Watch, by his wife See also:Anne, daughter of See also:William Smythe of Barbavilla, See also:Westmeath . In 1838 his See also:father See also:purchased for him a See also:commission in the 81st See also:Regiment . Exchanging (1839) into the 42nd Highlanders, he served with his regiment in the Ionian Islands, devoting his leisure to the congenial study of See also:Italian and See also:modern See also:Greek . On receiving his commission as See also:lieutenant in 1841 he exchanged into the 98th Regiment, then under orders for See also:China, and landed in Hong-See also:Kong in See also:June 1842 . The See also:scene of the See also:war had at that See also:time been transferred to the Yangtze-kiang, and thither Wade was ordered with his regiment . There he took See also:part in the attack on See also:Chin-kiang-fu and in the advance on See also:Nanking . In 1845 he was appointed interpreter in Cantonese to the Supreme See also:Court of Hong-Kong, and in 1846 assistant See also:Chinese secretary to the See also:superintendent of See also:trade, See also:Sir See also:John See also:Davis . In 1852 he was appointed See also:vice-See also:consul at See also:Shanghai . The Tai-ping See also:rebellion had so disorganized the See also:administration in the neighbourhood of Shanghai that it was considered advisable to put the collection of the See also:foreign customs duties into commission, a See also:committee of three, of whom Wade was the See also:chief, being entrusted with the administration of the customs . This formed the beginning of the imperial maritime customs service . In 1855 Wade was appointed Chinese secretary to Sir John See also:Bowring, who had succeeded Sir J . Davis at Hong-Kong .

On the See also:

declaration of the second Chinese War in 1857, he was attached to See also:Lord See also:Elgin's See also:staff as Chinese secretary, and with the assistance of H . N . Ley he conducted the negotiations which led up to the treaty of See also:Tientsin (1858) . In the following See also:year he accompanied Sir See also:Frederick See also:Bruce in his See also:attempt to See also:exchange the ratification of the treaty, and was See also:present at Taku when the force attending the See also:mission was treacherously attacked and driven back from the Peiho . On Lord Elgin's return to China in 186o he resumed his former See also:post of Chinese secretary, and was mainly instrumental in arranging• for the advance of the See also:special envoys and the British and See also:French forces to Tientsin, and subsequently towards See also:Peking . For the purpose of arranging for a camping ground in the neighbourhood of Tungchow he accompanied Mr (afterwards Sir) Harry See also:Parkes on his first visit to that See also:city, where on the next See also:day Parkes with Mr See also:Loch and others was by an See also:act of shameless treachery made prisoner . In the succeeding negotiations Wade took a leading part, and on the See also:establishment of the See also:legation at Peking he took up the post of Chinese secretary of legation . In 1862 he was made a See also:Companion of the See also:Bath . On the return of Sir Frederick Bruce to See also:England in 1864 he remained as See also:charge d'affaires, and again from 1869 to 1871, when he was appointed See also:minister, he filled the acting post . The Tientsin See also:massacre in 1870 entailed See also:long and difficult negotiations, which were admirably conducted by Wade . On the See also:assumption of See also:power by the See also:emperor Tungchih he, in See also:common with his colleagues, requested an See also:audience in accordance with the See also:treaties, which was for the first time granted as a right . The See also:murder of A .

R . Margary near Manwyne in Yunnan in 1875 threatened at one time to cause a rupture with the Chinese See also:

government, and as a See also:matter of fact Wade did leave Peking . But the Chinese, finding that he was in See also:earnest, despatched Li Hung-Chang after him to Chefoo, where the two diplomatists arranged the penalties which were to be paid for the See also:crime, and concluded a See also:convention which, after a considerable See also:interval, was ratified by the governments . Wade was then made K.C.B., and in 1883 retired from the service . On his return to England the attractions of his old university induced him to take up his See also:residence at See also:Cambridge, where he was appointed the first See also:professor of Chinese . He died there on the 31st of See also:July 1895 . In 1889 he was made G.C.M.G . In 1868 he had married Amelia, daughter of Sir John See also:Herschel . (R . K .

End of Article: SIR THOMAS FRANCIS WADE (1818-1895)
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