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THOMAS WAKLEY (1795-1862)

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 251 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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THOMAS See also:WAKLEY (1795-1862)  , See also:English medical and social reformer, was See also:born in See also:Devonshire, and was See also:early apprenticed to a See also:Taunton See also:apothecary . He then went to See also:London and qualified as a surgeon, setting up in practice in See also:Regent See also:Street, and marrying (182o) See also:Miss Goodchild, whose See also:father was a See also:merchant and a See also:governor of St See also:Thomas's See also:Hospital . All through his career See also:Wakley proved to be a See also:man of aggressive See also:personality, and his experiences in this respect had a sensational beginning . In See also:August 1820 a gang of men who had some grievance against him burnt down his See also:house and severely wounded him in a murderous See also:assault . The whole affair was obscure, and Wakley was even suspected, unjustly, of setting See also:fire to his house himself; but he won his See also:case against the See also:insurance See also:company which contested his claim . He became a friend of See also:William See also:Cobbett, with whose radicalism he was in sympathy . In 1823 he started the well-known medical weekly See also:paper, the See also:Lancet, and began a See also:series of attacks on the jobbery in See also:vogue among the practitioners of the See also:day, who were accustomed to treat the medical profession as a See also:close See also:borough . In opposition to the hospital doctors he insisted on See also:publishing reports of their lectures and exposing various malpractices, and he had to fight a number of lawsuits, which, however, only increased his See also:influence . He attacked the whole constitution of the Royal See also:College of Surgeons, and obtained so much support from among the See also:general See also:body of the profession, now roused to a sense of the abuses he exposed, that in 1827 a See also:petition to See also:parliament resulted in a return being ordered of the public See also:money granted to it . But reform in the college was slow, and Wakley now set himself to rouse the House of See also:Commons from within . He became a See also:radical See also:candidate for parliament, and in 1835 was returned for See also:Finsbury, retaining his seat till 1852 . In this capacity, and also as See also:coroner for See also:West See also:Middlesex—an See also:appointment he secured in 1839—he was indefatigable in upholding the interests of the working classes and advocating humanitarian reforms, as well as in pursuing his See also:campaign against medical restrictions and abuses; and he made the Lancet not only a professional See also:organ but a powerful See also:engine of social reform .

He died on the 16th of May 1862, leaving three sons, the proprietor-See also:

ship of the Lancet remaining in the See also:family .

End of Article: THOMAS WAKLEY (1795-1862)
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