WHARF  , a

place for loading or unloading ships or vessels, particularly a platform of timber, stone or other material along the shore of a harbour or along the bank of a navigable river against which vessels may lie and discharge their cargo or be. loaded . The O . Eng. word hwerf meant literally a turning or turning-place (hweor fan, to turn, cf . Goth. hwairban, Gr . Kapa6s, wrist), and was thus used particularly of a bank of earth, a dam which turns, the flow of a stream; the cognate word in Dutch, well, meant a wharf or a shipbuilder's yard, cf . Dan. vaerft,, dockyard, and the current meaning of the word is probably borrowed from Dutch or Scandinavian languages . In English law all water-borne goods must be landed at specified places, in particular hours and under supervision; wharves, which by the Merchant Shipping Act 1895, § 492, include quays, docks and other premises on which goods may be lawfully landed, are either " sufferance wharves," authorized by the commissioners of customs under bond, or " legal wharves " specially appointed by treasury warrant and exempt from bond . There are also wharves authorized by statute or by prescriptive right .