Online Encyclopedia

JOSEPH WHEELER (1836-1906)

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 586 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOSEPH WHEELER (1836-1906)  ,
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American soldier, was born at
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Augusta,
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Georgia, in 1836, and entered the
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United States cavalry from West Point in 1859 . Within two years the
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Civil War broke out, and Wheeler, as a Southerner, resigned to enter the Confederate service . In a short time he became colonel of the 19th
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Alabama
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Infantry, with which he took
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part in the desultory operations of 1861 in
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Kentucky and
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Tennessee . He commanded a brigade at the
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battle of Shiloh, but soon afterwards he returned to the cavalry arm in which he won a reputation second only to Stuart's . After the
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action of
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Perryville he was promoted brigadier-general, and in
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January 1863 major-general . Thence-forward throughout the
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campaigns of Chickamauga,
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Chattanooga and
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Atlanta he commanded the cavalry of the Confederate army in the West, and when Hood embarked upon the Tennessee expedition, he
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left Wheeler's cavalry to harass Sherman's army during the " March to the Sea." In the closing operations of .the war, having now the rank of
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lieutenant-general, he commanded the cavalry of Joseph Johnston's weak army in North Carolina, and was included in its surrender . After this he became a lawyer and a cotton plater and in 1882,83 and 1885-19oo.was a representative in Copgress . At the outbreak of the
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Spanish-American War in 1898, President M'Kinley, in pursuance of the policy of welding the North and the South, commissioned two ex-Confederate generals—Wheeler and Fitzhugh Lee—as major-generals of United States
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volunteers, and in this capacity Wheeler was placed in command of the cavalry division of Shafter's army in Cuba . He commanded in the actions of Guasimas and
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San Juan, was afterwards sent to the Philippines in command of a brigade, and in 1900 was commissioned a brigadier-general in the
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regular army . Shortly afterwards he retired . General Wheeler died on the 25th of January 1906 .

End of Article: JOSEPH WHEELER (1836-1906)
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