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WHEEL (0. Eng. hweol, hweohl, &c., co...

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 585 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WHEEL (0. Eng. hweol, hweohl, &c., cognate with Icel. hjol, See also:Dan. hiul, the Indo-See also:European See also:root is seen in See also:Sanskrit chakra, Gr. r in Aos, circle, whence " See also:cycle ")  , a circular See also:frame or solid disk revolving on an See also:axis, of which the See also:function is to transmit or to modify See also:motion . For the See also:mechanical attributes and See also:power of the See also:wheel and for the modification of the See also:lever, known as the " wheel and axis," and of the mechanical See also:powers, see See also:MECHANICS . The most See also:familiar type of the wheel is of course that used in every type of vehicle, but it•forms an essential See also:part of nearly every See also:kind of mechanism or machinery . Vehicular wheels in the earliest times were circular disks either cut out of solid pieces of See also:wood, or formed of See also:separate planks of wood fastened together and then cut into a circular shape . Such may be still seen in use among See also:primitive peoples to-See also:day, especially where the tracks, if any exist, are of the roughest description, and travelling is heavy . The See also:ordinary wheel consists of the See also:nave (0 . Eng. nafu, cf . Ger . Nabe, allied with "See also:navel"), the central portion or hub, through which the See also:axle passes, the spokes, the radial bars inserted in the nave and reaching to the peripheral rim, the See also:felloe or felly (0 . Eng. felge, Ger . Felge, properly that which fitted together, Teut. felhan, to See also:fit together) . From the monuments we see that the See also:ancient See also:Egyptian and See also:Assyrian chariots had usually six spokes; the See also:Greek and See also:Roman wheels from four to eight .

End of Article: WHEEL (0. Eng. hweol, hweohl, &c., cognate with Icel. hjol, Dan. hiul, the Indo-European root is seen in Sanskrit chakra, Gr. r in Aos, circle, whence " cycle ")
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