See also:

• WIGTOWNSHIRE (sometimes called WEST GALLOWAY)

WIGTOWNSHIRE (sometimes called See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

WEST See also:

• GALLOWAY
• GALLOWAY, JOSEPH (1731-1803)
• GALLOWAY, THOMAS (1796-1851)

GALLOWAY)  , a See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-western See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county of See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland, bounded N. by See also:

• AYRSHIRE

Ayrshire, E. by See also:

• KIRKCUDBRIGHTSHIRE (also known as the STEWARTRY OF KIRKCUDBRIGHT and EAST GALLOWAY)

Kirkcudbrightshire and See also:

• WIGTOWN

Wigtown See also:

• BAY

Bay, S. by the Irish See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea and W. and N. by the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North Channel . Including the small See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of St See also:

• HELENA
• HELENA, ST (c. 247-c. 327)

Helena, at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of Luce Bay, it covers an See also:

• AREA

area of 311,609 acres, or 487 sq. m . On the eastern boundary the See also:

• ESTUARY (from the Lat. aestuarium, a place reached by aestus, the tide)

estuary of the See also:

• CREE

Cree expands into Wigtown Bay, between which and Luce Bay, farther See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west, extends the promontory of the Machers, terminating in Burrow Head . By the indentation of Luce Bay on the south and See also:

• LOCH, HENRY BROUGHAM LOCH, 1ST BARON (1827-1900)

Loch See also:

• RYAN, LACY (c. 1694-176o)

Ryan on the north the See also:

• HAMMER, FRIEDRICH JULIUS (1810-1862)

hammer-headed See also:

• PENINSULA
• PENINSULA (Lat. paeninsula, from paene, almost, and insula, an island)

peninsula of the Rinns is formed, of which the See also:

• MULL

Mull of See also:

• GALLOWAY
• GALLOWAY, JOSEPH (1731-1803)
• GALLOWAY, THOMAS (1796-1851)

Galloway, the most southerly point of Scotland, is the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern, and Milleur Point the See also:

• NORTHERN

northern extremity . The more or less rugged See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast has many small inlets, few of which, owing to hidden rocks, afford secure landing-places . Excepting Loch Ryan, a See also:

• FINE

fine natural See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour of which See also:

• STRANRAER

Stranraer is the See also:

• PORT

port, the harbours are not available for vessels of heavy See also:

• BURDEN, or BURTHEN

burden, on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account either of the See also:

• GREAT

great distance to which the sea retires, or of their exposure to frequent fierce See also:

• GALES (mod. Calvi)

gales . Much of the county has a See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild, See also:

• BLEAK, or BLICK (Alburnus lucidus)

bleak See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance, the higher See also:

• LAND

land being covered with See also:

• HEATH
• HEATH, BENJAMIN (1704-1766)
• HEATH, WILLIAM (1737—1814)

heath and whins, while in the See also:

• LOWER

lower districts there are See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long stretches of See also:

• BOG (from Ir. and Gael. bogach, bog, soft)

bog and See also:

• MOSS

moss, and in the north centre, a few See also:

• MILES, NELSON APPLETON (1839— )

miles west of See also:

• NEWTON
• NEWTON, ALFRED (1829–1907)
• NEWTON, JOHN (1725-1807)
• NEWTON, JOHN (1823-1895)
• NEWTON, SIR CHARLES THOMAS (1816-1894)
• NEWTON, SIR ISAAC (1642-1727)

Newton See also:

• STEWART, ALEXANDER TURNEY (1803-1876)
• STEWART, BALFOUR (1828-1887)
• STEWART, CHARLES (1778–1869)
• STEWART, DUGALD (1753-1828)
• STEWART, J
• STEWART, JOHN (1749—1822)
• STEWART, JULIUS L
• STEWART, SIR DONALD MARTIN (1824–19o0)
• STEWART, SIR HERBERT (1843—1885)
• STEWART, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1540—c. 1605)
• STEWART, STUART
• STEWART, WILLIAM (c. 1480-c. 1550)

Stewart, is a See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract known as the See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

Moors . Only towards the Ayrshire border do the hills reach a considerable See also:

• ALTITUDE (Lat. altitudo, from altus, high)

altitude, Benbrake and Craigairie See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

Fell being each s000 ft. in height . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers are the Cree, forming the boundary with Kirkcudbrightshire and flowing past Newton Stewart and Carty into Wigtown Bay; the Bladenoch, issuing from Loch Maberry and falling into Wigtown Bay at Wigtown after a course of 22 m., its See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal affluents, all on the right, being See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

Black See also:

• BURN, RICHARD (1709-1785)

Burn, the Tarff and the Malzie; and the Luce, formed by the junction at New Luce of See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

Main See also:

• WATER

Water and See also:

• CROSS

Cross Water of Luce, and emptying itself into Luce Bay . Most of the numerous lochs are small, several being situated in private parks, as at the See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• STAIR (0. Eng. stagger, step, from stigan, to climb, cf. Ger. steigen; the root is also seen in " stile " and " stirrup ")
• STAIR, JAMES DALRYMPLE

Stair's See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

Castle See also:

• KENNEDY
• KENNEDY, BENJAMIN HALL (1804-1889)
• KENNEDY, THOMAS FRANCIS (1788-1879)
• KENNEDY, WALTER (c. 1460–c. 1508)

Kennedy . Among the larger lakes are Loch Maberry and Loch Dornal, both partly in Ayrshire, and Loch See also:

• OCHILTREE

Ochiltree in the north of the See also:

• SHIRE

shire, Loch Connell in the west, Loch Ronald in the centre and the See also:

• GROUP

group of Castle Loch and four others in the See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish of Mochrum, towards the south, and Loch Dowalton, at the junction of Kirkinner, Sorbie and Glasserton parishes . See also:

• GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

Geology.—A See also:

• LINE

line See also:

• DRAWN

drawn in a north-easterly direction from the coast about 3 M. below Portpatrick, passing slightly north of the head of Luce Bay by Newton Stewart to the Cairnsmore of See also:

• FLEET

Fleet, divides the county so that practically all the rocks on the northern See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side are of Ordovician See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, while those on the south are See also:

• SILURIAN

Silurian .

This line coincides with the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general direction of the strike of the beds through-out the county . Most of the Ordovician rocks are black shales, in which See also:

• GRAPTOLITES

graptolites may be found, along with greywackes and grits; they include the Glenkill and Hartfell See also:

• GROUPS
• GROUPS, THEORY

groups of the See also:

• MOFFAT
• MOFFAT, ROBERT (1795-1883)

Moffat See also:

• DISTRICT

district . These rocks may be seen exposed on the coast south of Portpatrick and in the valley of the Cree . The See also:

• SLATE (properly CLAY SLATE; in M. Eng. slat or sclat, from O. Fr. esclat, a small piece of wood used as a tile; esclater, to break into pieces, whence modern Fr. eclat, the root being seen also in Ger. schleissen, to split)

slate quarries of See also:

• CAIRN (in Gaelic and Welsh, Carn)

Cairn Ryan are of Llandeilo age . Nearly the whole of the Silurian region is occupied by dark grits, greywackes and shales of 'See also:

• LLANDOVERY (Llan-ym-ddyffri)

Llandovery age, though here and there a small exposure of the underlying black Moffat shales appears on the denuded See also:

• CREST
• CREST (Lat. crista, a plume or tuft)

crest of one of the innumerable folds into which all these rocks have been thrown . A See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of shales, flags and greywackes of See also:

• WENLOCK

Wenlock age is found on the See also:

• SHORE

shore between Burrow Head and See also:

• WHITHORN

Whithorn . On the west side of Loch Ryan is a narrow See also:

• BELT (a word common to Teutonic languages, the Old Ger. form being bale, from which the Lat. balteus probably derived)
• BELT, THOMAS (1832-1878)

belt of See also:

• PERMIAN

Permian See also:

• BRECCIA

breccia and thin sandstones about 9 m. long and t m. wide: this rests unconformably upon a similar belt of Carboniferous See also:

• SAND
• SAND, GEORGE (1804-1876)

sand-stones, about 8 m. long and m. in width, which lies on the westside of the Permian . A small patch of See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite stands out on the coast at Laggantulloch Head, north of the Mull of Galloway . There are also a few patches and dikes of See also:

• DIORITE (from the Gr. S&oi4eiv to distinguish, from hA through, Epos, a boundary)

diorite and See also:

• QUARTZ

quartz-See also:

• FELSITE

felsite . Glacial moraines and drumlins are found over much of the older formations, and are well seen between Glenluce and Newton Stewart and south of Wigtown . The See also:

• BOULDER
• BOULDER (short for " boulder-stone," of uncertain origin; cf. Swed. bullersten, a large stone which causes a noise of rippling water in a stream, from bullra, to make a loud noise)

boulder-See also:

• CLAY (from O. Eng. claeg, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Klei)
• CLAY, CASSIUS MARCELLUS (1810-1903)
• CLAY, CHARLES (1801–1893)
• CLAY, FREDERIC (1838–1889)
• CLAY, HENRY (1777–1852)

clay is used for See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick-making near Stranraer . On the coasts of Luce Bay and Loch Ryan raised beaches are found at levels of 25 ft. and 5o ft. above the sea, and tracts of blown sand See also:

• LIE, JONAS LAURITZ EDEMIL (1833—1908)
• LIE, MARIUS SOPHUS (1842–1899)

lie above the shore .

There are several See also:

• PEAT (possibly connected with Med. Lat. petia, pecia, piece, ultimately of Celtic origin; cf. O. Celt. pet, O. Ir. pit, Welsh peth, portion)

peat-covered areas in the county . See also:

• CLIMATE

Climate and See also:

• AGRICULTURE
• AGRICULTURE (from Lat. ages, field, and colere, to cultivate)
• AGRICULTURE, BOARD OF

Agriculture.—The mean See also:

• ANNUAL

annual rainfall amounts to 36.3 in., varying from 49.19 in. at Kirkcowan, a few miles west of Newton Stewart, to 26.81 in. at the Mull of Galloway . The See also:

• AVERAGE

average temperature for the See also:

• YEAR

year is 48.3° F., for See also:

• JANUARY

January 4o° F. and for See also:

• JULY

July 58.5° F . In spite of;its humidity the climate is not unfavourable for the ripening of crops, and frosts as a See also:

• RULE

rule are not of long duration . Much of the shire consists of stony moors, rendering the See also:

• WORK

work of reclamation difficult and in some parts impossible . The gravelly See also:

• SOIL

soil along the coasts requires heavy manuring to make it fruitful, and in the higher arable quarters a rocky soil prevails, better adapted for grass and See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green crops than for See also:

• GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain . A large extent of the See also:

• SURFACE

surface is black See also:

• TOP (cf. Dan. top, Ger. Topf, also meaning pot)

top reclaimed from the moors, and in some districts See also:

• LOAM (O.E. lam; the word appears in Dut. leem and Ger. Lehm; the ultimate origin is the root lai-, meaning " to be sticky," which is seen in the cognate " lime," Lat. limus, mud, clay)

loam and clay are found . By dint of See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy, however, and See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant resort to scientific agriculture, the farmers have placed See also:

• HALF

half of the shire under cultivation, and the See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard of farming is as high as that of any county in Scotland . Oats is the leading See also:

• CROP (a word common. in various forms, such as Germ. Kropf, to many Teutonic languages for a swelling, excrescence, round head or top of anything; it appears also in Romanic languages derived from Teutonic, in Fr. as troupe, whence the English " crupper "

crop, See also:

• BARLEY (Hordeum sativum)

barley and See also:

• WHEAT
• WHEAT (Triticum)

wheat occupying only a small area . Turnips and swedes constitute the great bulk of the green crops, potatoes coming next . Large tracts are under See also:

• CLOVER

clover and rotation See also:

• GRASSES

grasses and in permanent pasture, in consequence of the increasing See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention paid to See also:

• DAIRY

dairy-farming, which is carried on in See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination and on scientific principles . Several creameries have been established in the dairy See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, See also:

• CHEESE (Lat. caseus)

cheese being a leading product .

Though the See also:

• SIZE

size of the herds is surpassed in several other Scottish counties, the number of milch See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle is only exceeded in three (See also:

• AYR

Ayr, See also:

• ABERDEEN
• ABERDEEN, GEORGE GORDON, 1ST EARL O (1637-1720)
• ABERDEEN, GEORGE HAMILTON GORDON, 4TH EARL

Aberdeen and See also:

• LANARK

Lanark) . Ayrshire is the favourite breed for dairy purposes, and black polled Galloways are found in the eastern districts . A cross of the two breeds is also maintained . The See also:

• SHEEP
• SHEEP (from the Anglo-Saxon sceap, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages; e.g. the German Schaf)

sheep are principally black-faced on the See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill farms, and in other parts See also:

• LEICESTER
• LEICESTER, EARLS OF
• LEICESTER, ROBERT DUDLEY, EARL
• LEICESTER, ROBERT SIDNEY, EARL OF (1563-1626)
• LEICESTER, THOMAS WILLIAM COKE, EARL OF (1754-1842)

Leicester and other long-woolled breeds . The flocks are usually heavy, and great See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers of pigs are kept . The shire has acquired some reputation for its horses, chiefly Clydesdale . The holdings are fairly large, the average being considerably over See also:

• LOO (formerly called " Lanterloo," Fr. lanturlu, the refrain of a popular 17th-century song)

loo acres, one third of them See also:

• RUNNING

running from too acres to 300 . Most of the See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

park See also:

• LARD (Fr. lard, from Lat. laridum, bacon fat, related to Gr. Naptvos fat, Napos dainty or sweet)

lard is finely wooded, and there are a few nurseries, See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market gardens and orchards . Other See also:

• INDUSTRIES

Industries.—There are small manufactures in several of the towns, as woollens at Kirkcowan; tweeds, See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather and agricultural implements at Newton Stewart; dairy appliances, See also:

• BEER

beer, See also:

• FLOUR

flour and bricks at Stranraer; and See also:

• WHISKY, or WHISKEY

whisky at Bladenoch . See also:

• SANDSTONE

Sandstone and slates are quarried, and peat is cut in various places . See also:

• FISHERIES

Fisheries, on a See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale, are conducted chiefly from Stranraer, certain villages on Loch Ryan and Luce Bay, and Wigtown, and the Cree, Bladenoch and Luce yield See also:

• SALMON
• SALMON, GEORGE (1819-1904)

salmon . See also:

• SHIPPING

Shipping is mainly carried on from Stranraer, but also from Port See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William, Portpatrick, Wigtown and Garliestown .

The See also:

• GLASGOW

Glasgow & South-Western railway runs to Stranraer via See also:

• GIRVAN

Girvan, and the Portpatrick and See also:

• WIGTOWNSHIRE (sometimes called WEST GALLOWAY)

Wigtownshire See also:

• JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

joint railway from Newton Stewart to Portpatrick via Stranraer, with a See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch line at Newton Stewart to Wigtown and Whithorn . There are See also:

• COACH (through the Fr. coche, originally from the Magyar kocsi, an adjective from the Hungarian place named Kocs, between Raab and Buda, i.e. the sort of vehicle used there in the 15th century)

coach services from Stranraer to Ballantrae on the Ayrshire coast and to Drumore, 4 M . N. of the Mull, and See also:

• REGULAR

regular communication by See also:

• MAIL

mail steamer between Stranraer and Larne in Co . See also:

• ANTRIM
• ANTRIM, RANDAL MACDONNELL, 1ST EARL OF (d. 1636)
• ANTRIM, RANDAL MACDONNELL, 1ST MARQUESS OF (1609-1683)

Antrim, See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland . See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

Population and See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

Administration.—In 1891 the population amounted to 36,062; in 1901 to 32,685 or 67 persons to the sq. m., the decrease for the See also:

• DECADE (from Gr. Oka, ten)

decade being the third highest in Scotland . In 1901 there were 88 persons speaking Gaelic and See also:

• ENGLISH

English . The principal towns are Stranraer (pop . 6036); Newton Stewart (2598), which, however, See also:

• STANDING

standing on both See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks of the Cree, extends into Kirkcudbrightshire; Wigtown (1329); and Whithorn (1188) . Formerly Wigtown, Stranraer and Whithorn formed with New Galloway, in Kirkcudbrightshire, a group of burghs returning one member, but in 1885 the first three were merged in the county, which returns one member to See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament . Wigtown, the county See also:

• TOWN

town, Stranraer and Whit-See also:

• HORN
• HORN (a common Teutonic word, cognate with Lat. cornu; cf. Gr. Kipas)
• HORN (Lat. cornu; corresponding terms being Fr. cor, trompe; Ger. Horn; Ital. corno)
• HORN, ARVID BERNHARD, COUNT (1664-1742)
• HORN, PHILIP DE MONTMORENCY, COUNT

horn are royal burghs . The shire forms See also:

• PART

part of the sheriffdom of See also:

• DUMFRIES (Gaelic, " the fort in the copse ")

Dumfries and Galloway, and a See also:

• SHERIFF

sheriff-substitute sits at Wigtown and Stranraer . The administrative county is divided into the Lower district, comprising the shire See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of the parishes of New Luce and Old Luce, and the Upper district, comprising the shire west of and including these parishes .

The county is under school-See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction, and there are high. See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools in Newton Stewart and Stranraer . The board-schools in Whithorn and Wigtown have secondary departments, and several of the schools in the shire See also:

• EARN

earn grants for higher See also:

• EDUCATION

education . The county See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council expends the " See also:

• RESIDUE (through the French, from the Lat. residuum, a remainder, from residere, to remain)

residue " See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant in providing bursaries for See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science pupils, and in subsidizing agricultural classes at See also:

• KILMARNOCK

Kilmarnock and See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh University, and the See also:

• COOKERY (Lat. coquus, a cook)

cookery classes and science See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of the high schools . See also:

• HISTORY

History and Antiquities.—Galloway, or the country west of the Nith, belonged to a See also:

• PEOPLE

people whom See also:

• PTOLEMY (CLAUDIUS PTOLEMAEUS)

Ptolemy called Novantae and See also:

• AGRICOLA (originally SCHNEIDER, then SCHNITTER), JOHANNES (1494-1566)
• AGRICOLA (the Latinized form of the name BAUER), GEORG (1490-1555)
• AGRICOLA, CHRISTOPH LUDWIG (1667-1719)
• AGRICOLA, GNAEUS JULIUS (A.D. 37-93)
• AGRICOLA, JOHANN FRIEDRICH (1720-1774)
• AGRICOLA, MARTIN (c. 1500-1556)
• AGRICOLA, RODOLPHUS (properly ROELOF HUYSMANN) (1443-1485)

Agricola subdued in A.D . 79 . They were Atecott Picts, and are conjectured to have replaced a small, dark-haired aboriginal See also:

• RACE

race, akin probably to the See also:

• BASQUES

Basques of the Iberian peninsula . They held this south-western corner of Scotland for centuries, protecting themselves from the northern and southern Picts by a rampart, called the Dell's Dyke, which has been traced in a north-easterly direction from Beoch on the eastern side of Loch Ryan to a spot on the Nith near the See also:

• PRESENT

present See also:

• THORNHILL
• THORNHILL, SIR JAMES (1676-1734)

Thornhill, a distance of 50 M . Evidences of the Pictish occupation are prevalent in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of hill forts, See also:

• CAIRNS
• CAIRNS, HUGH MC CALMONT CAIRNS, 1ST EARL (1819-1885)
• CAIRNS, JOHN (1818–1892)

cairns, standing stones, hut circles and crannogs or See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

lake dwellings (several of which were exposed when Dowalton Loch near Sorbie and Barhapple Loch near Glenluce were drained), besides canoes and See also:

• FLINT
• FLINT, AUSTIN (1812-1886)
• FLINT, or FLTNTSHTRE (sir Gallestr)
• FLINT, ROBERT (1838- )
• FLINT, TIMOTHY (1780-1840)

flint, See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone and See also:

• BRONZE

bronze implements . The See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans possessed a small See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp at Rispain near Whithorn and a station at Rerigonium, which has been identified with Innermessan on the eastern shore of Loch Ryan; but so few remains exist that it has been concluded they effected no permanent See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement in West Galloway . See also:

• NINIAN, ST

Ninian, the first See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian missionary to Scotland, landed at Isle of Whithorn in 396 to convert the natives . His efforts were temporarily successful, but soon after his See also:

• DEATH

death (432) the people relapsed into paganism, excepting a faithful remnant who continued to carry on Christian work . A monastery was built at Whithorn, and, though the bishopric founded in the 8th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century was shortly afterwards removed, it was established again in the 12th, when the priory erected by Fergus, " See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king " of Galloway, became the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of the see of Galloway and so remained till the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation .

In the 6th century the people accepted the See also:

• SUZERAINTY

suzerainty of the Northumbrian See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings who allowed them in return See also:

• AUTONOMY (Gr. abr6s, self, and v6pos, law)

autonomy under their own Pictish chiefs . On the decay of the Saxon See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power more than two See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred years later this overlordship was abandoned, and the Atecotts formed an See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance with the North-men then ravaging the Scottish coasts . Because of this relation-See also:

• SHIP

ship the other Picts styled the Atecotts, by way of reproach, Gallgaidhel, or stranger Gaels, whence is derived Galloway, the name of their territory . With the aid of the Norsemen and the men of Galloway See also:

• KENNETH

Kenneth See also:

• MACALPINE (or MACCABEUS), JOHN (d. 1557)

Macalpine defeated the northern Picts at See also:

• FORTEVIOT

Forteviot and was crowned king of Scotland at See also:

• SCONE
• SCONE (pron. Skoon; Gaelic, skene, "a cutting")

Scone in 844 . Henceforward the general history of Wigtownshire is scarcely distinguishable from that of Kirkcudbrightshire . A few particular points, however, must be noted . See also:

• MALCOLM
• MALCOLM, SIR JOHN (1769-1833)

Malcolm MacHeth, who had married a See also:

• SISTER

sister of Somerled, See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord of the Isles, headed about r r 5o a See also:

• CELTIC

Celtic revolt against the intrusion of Anglo-See also:

• NORMAN
• NORMAN, SIR HENRY WYLIE (1826-1904)

Norman lords. but was routed at Causewayend near the estuary of the Cree . In 1190 See also:

• ROLAND
• ROLAND, LEGEND OF

Roland, lord of Galloway, built for See also:

• CISTERCIANS

Cistercians from See also:

• MELROSE

Melrose the fine See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

abbey of Glenluce, of which the only remains are the See also:

• FOUNDATIONS

foundations of the See also:

• NAVE

nave, the gable of the south See also:

• TRANSEPT (from Lat. trans, across, and septum, enclosure; synonymous terms in other languages are Fr. croisee, nef transversee; Ital. crociata; Ger. Querbau, Quersch&)

transept, the cloisters, quadrangle and the vaulted See also:

• CHAPTER (a shortened form of chapiter, a word still used in architecture for a capital; derived from O. Fr. chapitre, Lat. capitellum, diminutive of caput, head)

chapter-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house . In the disordered See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of the See also:

• REALM

realm during See also:

• DAVID
• DAVID (a Hebrew name meaning probably beloved 1)
• DAVID, FELICIEN (1810—1876)
• DAVID, GERARD [GHEERAERT DAVIT], (?=1523)
• DAVID, PIERRE JEAN (1789–1856)
• DAVID, ST (Dewi, Sant)

David II.'s reign east Galloway had been surrendered to See also:

• EDWARD

Edward III . (1333), but Wigtownshire, which had been constituted a shire in the previous century and afterwards called the Shire to distinguish it from the Stewartry of See also:

• KIRKCUDBRIGHT (pron. Ker-k4-bri)

Kirkcudbright, remained Scottish territory . In 1342 See also:

• SIR

Sir Malcolm See also:

• FLEMING, PAUL (1609-1640)
• FLEMING, RICHARD (d. 1431)
• FLEMING, SIR SANDFORD (1827- )
• FLEMING, SIR THOMAS (1S44-1613)

Fleming, earl of Wigtown, was appointed sheriff with power to hold the county See also:

• SEPARATE

separate from the other half of Galloway, but falling into straitened circumstances he sold his earldom and estates in 1372 to See also:

• ARCHIBALD, 5TH EARL OF DOUGLAS (c. 1391–1439)

Archibald the Grim, 3rd earl of See also:

• DOUGLAS
• DOUGLAS, GAVIN (1474?-1522)
• DOUGLAS, JOHN (1721—1807.)
• DOUGLAS, SIR CHARLES
• DOUGLAS, SIR HOWARD
• DOUGLAS, STEPHEN ARNOLD (18,3–1861)

Douglas, thus once more placing all Galloway under one lord . Under Douglas's lordship the See also:

• LAWS

laws of Galloway, which had obtained from Pictish times and included, among other features, trial by See also:

• BATTLE

battle (unless an accused See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person See also:

• CHOSE (Fr. for " thing ")

chose expressly to forgo the native See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom and ask for a See also:

• JURY

jury), were modified, and in 1426 abolished, the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province then coming under the general See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law .

Soon after the fall of the Douglases (1455) the Kennedy See also:

• FAMILY

family, long established in the Ayrshire district of Carrick, obtained a preponderating See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence in Wigtownshire, and in 1509 David See also:

• WIHTRED

WIHTRED 629 Kennedy was created earl of Cassillis . See also:

• GILBERT
• GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
• GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
• GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
• GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
• GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
• GILBERT, J
• GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
• GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
• GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
• GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
• GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
• GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )

Gilbert, the 4th earl, so powerful that he was called the " king of Carrick," held the shire for See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary, See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen of Scots, when she See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke with the Lords of the See also:

• CONGREGATION (Lat. congregatio, a gathering together, from cum, with, grex, gregis, a flock, herd)

Congregation, but could do little for her cause . He profited by the Reformation himself, however, to acquire by See also:

• FRAUD (Lat. fraus, deceit)

fraud and See also:

• MURDER

murder the estate of Glenluce Abbey (about 1570) . In 1603 See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James VI. instituted a See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop in the see of Galloway—which had not been filled for twenty years—and otherwise strove to impose See also:

• EPISCOPACY (from Late Lat. episcopatus, the office of a bishop, episcopas)

episcopacy upon the people, but the inhabitants stood See also:

• FIRM

firm for the See also:

• COVENANT
• COVENANT (an O. Fr. form, later convenant, from convenir, to agree, Lat. convenire)

Covenant . The acts against See also:

• NONCONFORMITY, LAW RELATING TO

Nonconformity were stringently enforced and almost every See also:

• INCUMBENT (from Lat. incumbere, to lean, lie upon)

incumbent in Galloway was deprived of his living . See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

Field-See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching was a See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital See also:

• CRIME (Lat. crimen, accusation)

crime and attendance at conventicles See also:

• TREASON (Fr. trahison, Lat. traditio)

treason . A reign of terror supervened, and numbers of persons emigrated to See also:

• ULSTER
• ULSTER, EARLS OF

Ulster in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape persecution . See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• GRAHAM, SIR GERALD (1831–1899)
• GRAHAM, SIR JAMES ROBERT GEORGE
• GRAHAM, SYLVESTER (1794-1851)
• GRAHAM, THOMAS (1805-1869)

Graham of Claverhouse, See also:

• VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)

Viscount See also:

• DUNDEE
• DUNDEE, JOHN GRAHAM OF CLAVERHOUSE, VISCOUNT (c. 1649-1689)

Dundee, having replaced Sir See also:

• ANDREW (Gr. 'AvBp4as, manly)
• ANDREW, JOHN ALBION (1818-1867)

Andrew See also:

• AGNEW, DAVID HAYES (1818–1892)

Agnew, who had refused the Test, as sheriff (1682), goaded the people into See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion, the drowning of See also:

• MARGARET
• MARGARET (1283–1290)
• MARGARET (1353-1412)
• MARGARET (1489–1541)
• MARGARET, ST (c. 1045–1093)
• MARGARET, ST (SANCTA MARGARITA)

Margaret MacLachlan and Margaret See also:

• WILSON, ALEXANDER (1766-1813)
• WILSON, HENRY (1812–1875)
• WILSON, HORACE HAYMAN (1786–1860)
• WILSON, JAMES (1742—1798)
• WILSON, JAMES (1835— )
• WILSON, JAMES HARRISON (1837– )
• WILSON, JOHN (1627-1696)
• WILSON, JOHN (178 1854)
• WILSON, ROBERT (d. 1600)
• WILSON, SIR DANIEL (1816–1892)
• WILSON, SIR ROBERT THOMAS (1777—1849)
• WILSON, SIR WILLIAM JAMES ERASMUS
• WILSON, THOMAS (1663-1755)
• WILSON, THOMAS (c. 1525-1581)
• WILSON, WOODROW (1856— )

Wilson within See also:

• FLOOD (in O. Eng. flod, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Flut, Dutch vloed, from the same root as is seen in " flow," " float ")
• FLOOD, HENRY (1732-1791)

flood-See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark in Wigtown Bay (1685) being an instance of his ruthless methods . With the Revolution of 1688 See also:

• PRESBYTERIANISM

Presbyterianism was restored, and John See also:

• GORDON
• GORDON, ADAM LINDSAY (1833—1870)
• GORDON, ALEXANDER (c. 1692—c. 1754)
• GORDON, CHARLES GEORGE (1833-'885)
• GORDON, LEON
• GORDON, LORD GEORGE (1751-1793)
• GORDON, PATRICK (1635–1699)
• GORDON, SIR JOHN WATSON (1788—1864)

Gordon, recently consecrated bishop of Galloway, retired to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France . The Jacobite risings of 1715 and 1745 excited only languid See also:

• INTEREST

interest, but in 1747 heritable jurisdictions were abolished and Sir Andrew Agnew ceased to be hereditary sheriff, though he was the only See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official able to prove continuous See also:

• TENURE (Fr. tenure, from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenure of the See also:

• POST

post since it was granted to his family in 1451 . The first sheriff appointed under the new See also:

• SYSTEM

system was See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander See also:

• BOSWELL, JAMES (1740-1795)

Boswell, Lord Auchinleck, See also:

• FATHER

father of James Boswell, the biographer of Dr See also:

• JOHNSON, ANDREW
• JOHNSON, ANDREW (1808–1875)
• JOHNSON, BENJAMIN (c. 1665-1742)
• JOHNSON, EASTMAN (1824–1906)
• JOHNSON, REVERDY (1796–1876)
• JOHNSON, RICHARD (1573–1659 ?)
• JOHNSON, RICHARD MENTOR (1781–1850)
• JOHNSON, SAMUEL (1709-1784)
• JOHNSON, SIR THOMAS (1664-1729)
• JOHNSON, SIR WILLIAM (1715–1774)
• JOHNSON, THOMAS

Jo