See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)  , See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop of See also:

• TYRE (Phoen. and Hebr. =" rock," Assyr. S'urru, Egypt. Dara, Early Lat. Sarra)

Tyre and chronicler, belonged to a See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• FAMILY

family and was probably See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• PALESTINE

Palestine about 1130 . This, however, is only an inference from his See also:

• WORKS

works, See also:

• BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne out by the fact that he had seen See also:

• RALPH (d. 1122)

Ralph, the See also:

• PATRIARCH (M.E. and O. Fr. patriarche, Lat. patriarcha, Gr. aarpuipxtis, from srarptu., clan, and apxil, rule)

patriarch of See also:

• ANTIOCH

Antioch, who died about 1141; that he seems to See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call himself a contemporary historian from the See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of See also:

• BALDWIN, JAMES MARK (1861– )
• BALDWIN, ROBERT (1804–1858)

Baldwin III. to the See also:

• THRONE

throne of See also:

• JERUSALEM (Heb. ^S0-r, Yerushalaim, pronounced as a dual)
• JERUSALEM, SYNOD OF (1672)

Jerusalem, an event which he places in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1142; and that he remembered the fall of See also:

• EDESSA
• EDESSA (mod. , Vodena)

Edessa in 1144 . Unfortunately the See also:

• CHAPTER (a shortened form of chapiter, a word still used in architecture for a capital; derived from O. Fr. chapitre, Lat. capitellum, diminutive of caput, head)

chapter (xix . 12) which relates to his See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• LIFE

life has been excised or omitted from every extant See also:

• MANUSCRIPT

manuscript of his Historia, and this remark holds See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good, not only for the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original Latin, but also for the French See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of the 13th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William was still pursuing his studies in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe when See also:

• AMALRIC
• AMALRIC (Fr. AMAURY) OF BENA (d. c. 1204-1207)

Amalric I. became See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of Jerusalem in 1162, but he returned to Palestine towards the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of 1166, or early in 1167, and was appointed See also:

• ARCHDEACON (Lat. archidiaconus, Gr. &oxt3tauovor)

archdeacon of Tyre at the See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of Amalric in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1167 . In 1168 he was sent on an See also:

• EMBASSY

embassy, the forerunner of several others, to the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• MANUEL, EUGENE (1823–1901)
• MANUEL, JACQUES ANTOINE (1775-1827)
• MANUEL, LOUIS PIERRE (1751-1793)

Manuel I. at See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople, and in 1169, at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the disastrous See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign against See also:

• DAMIETTA

Damietta, he was obliged to take See also:

• REFUGE

refuge in See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome from the " unmerited anger " of his archbishop . But he was soon in Palestine again, and about 1170 he was appointed See also:

• TUTOR (Lat. tutor, guardian, tueri, to watch over, protect)

tutor to Amalric's son, Baldwin, afterwards King Baldwin IV . Towards the end of 1174, soon after Baldwin's accession to the throne, he was made See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor of the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of Jerusalem, an See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office which he held until 1183, and less than a See also:

• YEAR

year later (May 1175) he was consecrated See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

arch-See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of Tyre . He was one of those who went to negotiate with See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip I., See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• FLANDERS (Flem. Vlaanderen)

Flanders, in 1177, and in 1179 he was one of the bishops who represented the Latin See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church of the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East at the Lateran See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council in Rome . On his return to Palestine he stayed seven months at Constantinople with Manuel . This is William's last See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance in See also:

• HISTORY

history, but he was See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing his history in 1181, and this breaks off abruptly at the end of 1183 or early in 1184 . He died probably between 1187 and 1190 .

About fifty years later one of his continuators accused See also:

• HERACLIUS ('HpaeXaos) (c. 575-642)

Heraclius, the patriarch of Jerusalem, of procuring his See also:

• DEATH

death by See also:

• POISON

poison at Rome, but this See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story appears to be legendary . Equally untrustworthy is the theory which identifies William with the archbishop of Tyre sent to Europe to preach a new crusade in 1188 . It is true that See also:

• MATTHEW, GOSPEL OF ST
• MATTHEW, ST (MaOOaior or MarOaIos, probably a shortened form of the Hebrew equivalent to Theodorus)
• MATTHEW, TOBIAS

Matthew See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris speaks of the See also:

• ENGLISH

English king, See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry II., as receiving the See also:

• CROSS

cross from the hands of Willelmus episcopus Tyrensis; but more contemporary writers omit the See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian name, while others write it Josce or Joscius . If not the greatest, William of Tyre is at least among the greatest, of See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval historians . His Historic rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarunt, or Historic Hierosolymitana or See also:

• BELLI, GIUSEPPE GIOACHINO (1791-1863)

Belli sacri historic covers the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period between 1095 and 1184, and is the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main authority for the history of the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem between 1127, where Fetcher of See also:

• CHARTRES

Chartres leaves off, and 1183 or 1184, where Ernoul takes up the narrative . It was translated into French in the 13th century, or possibly before the end of the 12th, and this translation, known as the Chronique d'outremer, or Livre d'Eracles or Livre du See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest, is quoted by See also:

• JEAN

jean de See also:

• JOINVILLE
• JOINVILLE, FRANCOIS FERDINAND PHILIPPE LOUIS MARIE, PRINCE DE (1818-1900)
• JOINVILLE, JEAN, SIRE DE (1224-1319)

Joinville, and increased by various continuations, is the See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the exploits of the French warriors in the East . William's See also:

• WORK

work consists of twenty-two books and a fragment of another See also:

• BOOK

book; it extends from the See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching of the first crusade by See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter the See also:

• HERMIT

Hermit and See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• URBAN
• URBAN (Urbanus)

Urban II. to the end of 1183 or the beginning of 1184 . It was undertaken at the request of Amalric, who was himself a See also:

• LOVER, SAMUEL (1797-1868)

lover of history and who supplied the author with Arabic See also:

• MANUSCRIPTS

manuscripts," and William says of it, " in this work we have had no See also:

• GUIDE (in Mid. Eng. gyde, from the Fr. guide; the earlier French form was guie, English " guy," the d was due to the Italian form guida; the ultimate origin is probably Teutonic, the word being connected with the base seen in O. Eng. witan, to know)

guide, whether See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek or Arab, but have had recourse to traditions only, See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save as regards a few things that we ourselves have seen." The " traditions " here referred to must be taken to include the Gesta Francorum of Tudebode, the writings of See also:

• FULCHER (or FoucriEa) OF CHARTRES (Io58-c. 1130)

Fulcher of Chartres, of See also:

• BAUDRY, or BALDERICH, OF BOURGUEIL (1046 or 1047-r Igo)
• BAUDRY, PAUL JACQUES

Baudry of Bourgueil and, above all, of See also:

• ALBERT
• ALBERT (1490'1545)
• ALBERT (149o-1568)
• ALBERT (1522–1557)
• ALBERT (FRANCIS CHARLES AUGUSTUS ALBERT EMMANUEL) (1819—1861)
• ALBERT (FRIEDRICH RUDOLF ALBRECHT)
• ALBERT, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS
• ALBERT, MADAME (c. 2805—2846)

Albert of See also:

• AIX

Aix . From the beginning to about 1144 the Historia is taken from these writers; from 1144 to the end it is contemporary and original . William also wrote Historia de orientalibus principibus . This work, which is now unfortunately lost, was partly based upon the Arabic See also:

• CHRONICLE (from Gr. Xpovos, time)

chronicle of a certain Said-See also:

• IBN

ibn-Batrik (d . 940), patriarch of See also:

• ALEXANDRIA
• ALEXANDRIA (Arab. Iskenderia)

Alexandria .

No medieval writer, except perhaps Giraldus Cambrensis, possesses William's See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of delineating the See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical and See also:

• MENTAL

mental features of his heroes . Very few, moreover, had his instinctive insight into what would be of real value to future ages; See also:

• GENEALOGY (from the Gr. yivos, family, and Vryos, theory)

genealogy, See also:

• TOPOGRAPHY
• TOPOGRAPHY (Gr. Toros, place, -partied', to write)

topography, See also:

• ARCHAEOLOGY (from Gr. &pxa1a, ancient things, and Xoyos, theory or science)

archaeology, social life, both See also:

• POLITICAL

political and ecclesiastical, and military and See also:

• NAVAL

naval matters all find due exposition in his pages . It is hardly too much to say that from his work alone a fairly detailed See also:

• MAP
• MAP (or MAPES), WALTER (d. c. 1208/9)

map of the See also:

• LEVANT

Levant, as it was in the 12th century, might be constructed ; and it is impossible to praise too highly the scrupulous fidelity with which he defines nearly all the technical terms, whetter See also:

• RELATING

relating to See also:

• LAND

land or See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea, which he uses . His See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• FAULT (Mid. Eng. faute, through the French, from the popular Latin use of fallere, to fail; the originallof the Latin being replaced in English in the 15th century)

fault is in his See also:

• CHRONOLOGY (Gr. xpovo?oyfa, computation of time, xp6vos)

chronology, where, indeed, he is often at discord with himself . In the later books of the Historia his See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information, even regarding events taking See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place beyond the See also:

• NILE
• NILE, BATTLE OF THE
• NILE, SOBAT

Nile or the See also:

• EUPHRATES (Babylon. Purattu, Heb. Perath, Arab. Frdt or Furst, Old Pers. Ufratu, Gr. Eb4 parrls)

Euphrates as well as in Europe, is singularly exact . His See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers of See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry were exceptionally See also:

• GREAT

great, and although a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of much learning and almost certainly acquainted with Greek and Arabic, he is as ready to enliven his pages with a homely See also:

• PROVERB (Lat. proverbium, from pro, forth, publicly, verbum, word; the Greek equivalent is irapolµia, from 7rapa, alongside, and oiµos, way, road, i.e. a wayside saying; Ger. Sprichwort)

proverb as he is to embellish them with quotations from See also:

• CICERO

Cicero, See also:

• VIRGIL (PUBLIUS VERGILIUS MARC)
• VIRGIL, POLYDORE (c. 1470-1555)

Virgil, See also:

• OVID [PUBLIUS OvID1us NASO] (43 B.C.–A.D. 17)

Ovid or See also:

• PLATO

Plato . A See also:

• PRELATE (Lat. praelatus, set above, from praefero, prefer)

prelate of pious See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, he was inclined to see the See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment of See also:

• GOD

God on the iniquities of his See also:

• FELLOW

fellow-countrymen in every disaster that overtook them and in every success which attended the arms of the See also:

• SARACENS

Saracens . As Belli sacri historia the Historic rerum was first published in 1549 at See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel . More See also:

• RECENT

recent See also:

• EDITIONS

editions are in J . P . See also:

• MIGNE, JACQUES PAUL (1800-1875)

Migne's Patrologia See also:

• LATINA, VIA

Latina, tome cci., and in the " Recucil See also:

• DES

des historiens des croisades," Hist. occid. i . (See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

Parish 844) .

Manuscripts are in the See also:

• BRITISH

British Museum, See also:

• LONDON

London, and in Corpus Christi See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge . It has been translated into See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German by E. and R . Kausler (See also:

• STUTTGART

Stuttgart, 1848) ; into French in See also:

• GUIZOT, FRANCOIS PIERRE GUILLAUME (1787-1874)

Guizot's Collection des memoires, tomes xvi., xviii . (Paris, 1824) ; into See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian and into See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish . An English translation has been made for the Early English See also:

• TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

Text Society by M . N . See also:

• COLVIN, JOHN RUSSELL (1807—1857)
• COLVIN, SIDNEY (1845– )

Colvin (London, 1893) . See the Hisloire litteraire de la See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, tome xiv . (1869); B . Kugler, Studien zur Geschichte des zweiten Kreuzzuges (Stuttgart, 1866) ; H . See also:

• PRUTZ, HANS (1843– )
• PRUTZ, ROBERT EDUARD (1816-1872)

Prutz, Studien fiber Wilhelm von Tyrus (See also:

• HANOVER
• HANOVER (Ger. Hannover)

Hanover, 1883) ; and H. von See also:

• SYBEL, HEINRICH VON (1817-1895)

Sybel, Geschichte des ersten Kreuzzuges (See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1881) .