WINCHESTER  , an See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county-seat of See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick county, See also:

• VIRGINIA
• VIRGINIA, or VERGINIA
• VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF

Virginia, U.S.A., 87 m. by See also:

• RAIL

rail W.N.W. of See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington . Pop . (1890) 5196; (1900) 5161, including rros negroes; (1910) 5864 . Winchester is served by the See also:

• BALTIMORE
• BALTIMORE, GEORGE CALVERT, 1ST BARON (C. 1580—1632)

Baltimore & See also:

• OHIO

Ohio and the See also:

• CUMBERLAND
• CUMBERLAND, DUKES AND EARLS OF
• CUMBERLAND, RICHARD (1632-1718)
• CUMBERLAND, RICHARD (1732-1811)
• CUMBERLAND, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS

Cumberland Valley See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways . It is pleasantly situated in the fertile See also:

• SHENANDOAH

Shenandoah Valley about 720 ft. above See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea-level . Fort See also:

• LOUDOUN, JOHN

Loudoun See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

Seminary for girls occupies the site of old Fort Loudoun, and in the city is the Shenandoah Valley See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy, a military school for boys . The Handley library (1910), a memorial to See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Handley, a See also:

• PART

part of whose See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate was bequeathed to establish See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools for the poor of Winchester, and an auditorium are owned by the See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality . The See also:

• UNITED

United States See also:

• NATIONAL

National Military See also:

• CEMETERY (Gr. Korrsnri7pwv, from Hoiµav, to sleep)

Cemetery at Winchester contains the See also:

• GRAVES, ALFRED PERCEVAL (1846— )

graves of 4480 See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

Union soldiers, 2382 of them unknown, and adjoining it is the Confederate Stonewall Cemetery, with about 8000 graves . The manufacture of gloves is the leading See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry; among the other manufactures are woollen and knit goods, See also:

• FLOUR

flour, See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather, See also:

• LUMBER

lumber, See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper and bricks . See also:

• ELECTRICITY

Electricity, generated at the Shenandoah See also:

• RIVER

river, is used for See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power in many of the factories . A See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement was established in this vicinity as See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as 1732 . In 1752 the See also:

• PRESENT

present name was adopted and the See also:

• TOWN

town was established by See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of the colonial legislature .

In 1756, during the Seven Years' See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War, See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George Washington, in command of the provincial troops of Virginia, established his headquarters here and built Fort Loudoun . The town was incorporated in 1779 . The Virginia See also:

• GAZETTE

Gazette and Winchester Advertiser, the first See also:

• NEWS

news-paper published in the Shenandoah Valley, was established here in 1787 . In the See also:

• CIVIL

Civil War, Winchester, because of its position in the See also:

• LOWER

lower Shenandoah Valley, played a See also:

• GREAT

great part, and was several times the See also:

• SCENE (Fr. scene, Lat. scaena, Gr. oflvil, a tent or booth, a stage or scene)

scene of engagements between the Union and Confederate forces—in 1862, See also:

• JACKSON
• JACKSON, ANDREW (1767-1845)
• JACKSON, CYRIL (1746-1819)
• JACKSON, FREDERICK GEORGE (186o– )
• JACKSON, HELEN MARIA (1831–1885)
• JACKSON, MASON (c. 1820-1903)
• JACKSON, THOMAS (1579-1640)
• JACKSON, THOMAS JONATHAN (1824-1863)
• JACKSON, WILLIAM (1730-1803)

Jackson's actions of Kerns-town and Winchester; in the See also:

• GETTYSBURG

Gettysburg See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign, the See also:

• CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture of a Union See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison by See also:

• EWELL, RICHARD STODDERT (1817-1872)

Ewell (14-15 See also:

• JUNE

June 1863); and in See also:

• SHERIDAN
• SHERIDAN, PHILIP HENRY (1831-1888)

Sheridan's campaign of 1864 the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of Winchester or Opequon (See also:

• SEPT

Sept . 19, 1864), for all of which see SHENANDOAH VALLEY See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

CAMPAIGNS . Winchester was chartered as a city in 1852 and in 1906 the corporate limits were enlarged . See J . E See also:

• NORRIS
• NORRIS, FRANK (1870—1902)
• NORRIS, HENRY NORRIS
• NORRIS, JOHN (1657-1711)
• NORRIS, SIR JOHN (c. 1547-1597)
• NORRIS, WILLIAM EDWARD (1847– )

Norris (ed.), See also:

• HISTORY

History of the Lower Shenandoah Valley (See also:

• CHICAGO
• CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

Chicago, 1890), and T . K . Cartmell, Shenandoah Valley Pioneers (Winchester, 1909) .