See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

WILLIAM See also:

• WILLIAM WINDHAM (1750-1810)

WINDHAM (1750-1810)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English politician, came from an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• FAMILY

family See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long See also:

• RESIDENT

resident at Felbrigg, near See also:

• CROMER
• CROMER, EVELYN BARING, 1ST EARL (1841– )

Cromer in See also:

• NORFOLK
• NORFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Norfolk . His See also:

• FATHER

father, See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

Colonel See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• WINDHAM, WILLIAM (1750-1810)

Windham (1717—1761) ,was an adventurous soldier with a See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste for See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages, both ancient and See also:

• MODERN

modern; his son was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• GOLDEN

Golden Square, See also:

• LONDON

London, on the 3rd of May 1750 . He went to See also:

• ETON

Eton, which he quitted in 1766 for the university of See also:

• GLASGOW

Glasgow, where he acquired the taste for See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics which always distinguished him . In 1767 he matriculated as See also:

• GENTLEMAN (from Lat. gentilis, " belonging to a race or gens," and " man "; Fr. gentilhomme, Span. gentil hombre, Ital. gentil huomo, in its original and strict signification, a term denoting a man of good family, the Lat. generosus (its invariable transl

gentleman commoner at University See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, where he remained until 1771 . He never took the degree of B.A., but qualified as M.A. on the 7th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1782, and received the degree of D.C.L. on the 3rd of See also:

• JULY

July 1793 . He made a tour in See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway in 1773 and visited See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland and See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy between 1778 and 1780 . His See also:

• MAIDEN, or MAID

maiden speech on the See also:

• POLITICAL

political See also:

• PLATFORM (Fr. plateforme, i.e. ground plan)

platform was delivered at See also:

• NORWICH
• NORWICH, GEORGE GORING, EARL OF (1583?-1663)

Norwich on the 28th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1778, when he vehemently opposed the See also:

• PROSECUTION

prosecution of the See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war . His entrance into public See also:

• LIFE

life took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in See also:

• APRIL

April 1783, when he went to See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland as See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief secretary to See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• NORTHINGTON, ROBERT HENLEY, 1ST EARL

Northington, the lord-See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant in the See also:

• COALITION (Lat. coalitio, the verbal substantive of coalescere, to grow together)

coalition See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry of See also:

• FOX
• FOX, C
• FOX, CHARLES JAMES (1749-1806)
• FOX, EDWARD (c. 1496-1538)
• FOX, GEORGE (1624-1691)
• FOX, RICHARD (c. 1448-1528)
• FOX, ROBERT WERE (1789—1877)
• FOX, SIR STEPHEN (1627–1716)
• FOX, SIR WILLIAM (1812-1893)

Fox and Lord See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North . Windham was his own keenest critic, his distrust in his own See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers and his disappointment at his own achievements being conspicuous on every See also:

• PAGE
• PAGE, THOMAS NELSON (1853- )
• PAGE, WILLIAM (1811-1885)

page of his See also:

• DIARY

Diary . Sickness compelled his return to See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in July 1783, and he resigned his position in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August; but See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change of See also:

• SCENE (Fr. scene, Lat. scaena, Gr. oflvil, a tent or booth, a stage or scene)

scene and See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant exercise restored him to See also:

• HEALTH

health before the end of that See also:

• YEAR

year . In April 1784 he was returned to See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament as member for Norwich by a See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of 64 votes, thus scoring one of the few triumphs attained by the adherents of the coalition See also:

• CABINET

cabinet . This seat he retained until 1802, when he was beaten on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of his hostility to the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of that year .

Though he strenuously opposed all proposals for See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary reform, to which most of the Whigs were deeply committed, Windham remained in See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance with that party until after the outbreak of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French Revolution, when he and several of his chief See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies joined See also:

• PITT, THOMAS (1653-1726)
• PITT, WILLIAM (1759-1806)

Pitt . The place of secretary-at-war was conferred upon him in July 1794, and he was at the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time created a privy councillor. and admitted to a seat in the cabinet . Windham discharged the duties of his See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office with unflagging zeal, his efforts being particularly directed towards ameliorating the See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition of the inferior grades of the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army . In the autumn of 1794 he was despatched to the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York's See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp in See also:

• FLANDERS (Flem. Vlaanderen)

Flanders with the views of his ministerial colleagues, but their See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice could not counteract the military incapacity of the royal duke . When Pitt was frustrated in his intention of freeing the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Catholics from their political disabilities, Windham, who in religious matters always inclined to liberal opinions, was one of the ministers who retired from office in See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 18os . He was a constant opponent of all negotiations for peace with See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, preferring to prosecute the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign at whatever cost until some decisive victory had been gained, and the temporary peace of See also:

• AMIENS

Amiens, which was carried through under Addington's See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration, did not meet with his approval . When he was ousted from the See also:

• REPRESENTATION

representation of Norwich in See also:

• JUNE

June 1802, a seat for the See also:

• POCKET

pocket See also:

• BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
• BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)

borough of St Mauves in See also:

• CORNWALL

Cornwall was found for him . He declined a place in Pitt's new cabinet (May 1804) on the ground that the exclusion of Fox prevented the formation of an administration sufficiently strong in parliament and the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country to See also:

• COPE
• COPE (M.E. cape, cope, from Med. Lat. capa, cappa)
• COPE, EDWARD DRINKER (1840-1897)
• COPE, EDWARD MEREDITH (1818-1873)

cope with the dangers which threatened the safety of the nation, and he offered a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general opposition to the See also:

• MEASURES

measures which the See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister proposed . On Pitt's See also:

• DEATH

death in January 18o6 the ministry of " All the Talents " was formed under the leadership of Lord See also:

• GRENVILLE (or GRANVILLE), SIR RICHARD (r600-1658)
• GRENVILLE (or GREYNVILE), SIR RICHARD (c. 1541-1591)
• GRENVILLE, GEORGE (1712-1770)
• GRENVILLE, SIR BEVIL (1596-1643)
• GRENVILLE, WILLIAM WYNDHAM GRENVILLE, BARON (1759-1834)

Grenville, and Windham accepted the See also:

• SEALS

seals as secretary of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state for war and the colonies . Fox's death necessitated several See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official changes; and a See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

peerage was proposed for Windham, but he declined the proffered See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour, and remained in office as long as the ministry existed . A general elect See also:

• ION

ion took place in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 18o6 and Windham was elected for the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county of Norfolk; but the See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election was declared void on See also:

• PETITION (Lat. for " seeking " or " praying ")

petition, and he was compelled to sit for the borough of New See also:

• ROMNEY (NEw ROMNEY)
• ROMNEY, GEORGE (1734-1802)
• ROMNEY, HENRY SIDNEY, EARL OF (1641-1704)

Romney, for which he had also been elected . In 1807, when parliament was dissolved under the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of the " No Popery " cry of See also:

• SPENCER
• SPENCER, HERBERT (1820-1903)
• SPENCER, JOHN CHARLES SPENCER, 3RD EARL (1782-1845)
• SPENCER, JOHNPOYNTZ SPENCER
• SPENCER, WILLIAM ROBERT (1769-1834)

Spencer See also:

• PERCEVAL, or PERCYVELLE (Ger. Parzival, Fr. Perlesvaus, Welsh, Peredur)
• PERCEVAL, SPENCER (1762-1812)

Perceval, a seat was found for Windham at Higham See also:

• FERRERS
• FERRERS, LAURENCE SHIRLEY, 4TH EARL (1720-1760)

Ferrers .

See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

Liberty of religious See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion he uniformly supported at all periods of his life, and with equal consistency he opposed all outbreaks of religious fanaticism; hence with these convictions in his mind few of the domestic measures of the new ministers met with his approbation . Moreover, he disapproved of the expedition to the See also:

• SCHELDT (Fr. Escaut, Flem. Schelde)

Scheldt, and thought the charges brought against the Duke of York, as See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-chief, required his retirement from office . At the same time he actively opposed the See also:

• BILL

bill of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• SAMUEL

Samuel See also:

• ROMILLY, JOHN ROMILLY, 1ST BARON (1802-1874)
• ROMILLY, SIR SAMUEL (1757-1818)

Romilly, his colleague on most political questions, for reducing the number of offences visited with the See also:

• PUNISHMENT (from Lat. punire, to punish, from poena, punishment, Gr. 7rocvil)

punishment of death . In July 18oq he received a See also:

• BLOW, JOHN (1648-1708)

blow on the See also:

• HIP

hip whilst rendering assistance at a See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire, which he thought little of at the time; but a See also:

• TUMOUR (Lat. tumor, a swelling)

tumour subsequently formed on the spot and an operation became necessary . This brought on a See also:

• FEVER (Lat. febris, connected with fervere, to burn)

fever, and Windham rapidly sank . He died on the 4th of June 18io, and was buried in the family vault at Felbrigg . His speeches were published in three volumes in i8o6, with a memoir by See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• AMYOT, JACQUES (1513-1593)

Amyot, his private secretary while he was in office in i8o6, and his Diary was edited by Mrs See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• BARING

Baring in 1866 . The passages in the latter See also:

• WORK

work relative to Dr See also:

• JOHNSON, ANDREW
• JOHNSON, ANDREW (1808–1875)
• JOHNSON, BENJAMIN (c. 1665-1742)
• JOHNSON, EASTMAN (1824–1906)
• JOHNSON, REVERDY (1796–1876)
• JOHNSON, RICHARD (1573–1659 ?)
• JOHNSON, RICHARD MENTOR (1781–1850)
• JOHNSON, SAMUEL (1709-1784)
• JOHNSON, SIR THOMAS (1664-1729)
• JOHNSON, SIR WILLIAM (1715–1774)
• JOHNSON, THOMAS

Johnson's declining days have been of considerable use to the later editors of See also:

• BOSWELL, JAMES (1740-1795)

Boswell .