See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN See also:

• WINTHROP
• JOHN WINTHROP (1588-1649)
• WINTHROP, JOHN (1606-1676)
• WINTHROP, ROBERT CHARLES (1809-1894)

WINTHROP (1588-1649)  , a Puritan See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader and See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of See also:

• MASSACHUSETTS (an Indian name, originally applied to a tribe of Indians)

Massachusetts, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in Edwardston, See also:

• SUFFOLK
• SUFFOLK, CHARLES BRANDON, 1ST DUKE OF (c. 1484–'545)
• SUFFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SUFFOLK, THOMAS HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF (1561-1626)
• SUFFOLK, WILLIAM DE LA POLE

Suffolk, on the 12th of See also:

• JANUARY

January (O.S.) 1588, the son of See also:

• ADAM
• ADAM (or ADAN) DE LE HALE (died c. 1288)
• ADAM, ALEXANDER (1741–1809)
• ADAM, JULIETTE (1836– )
• ADAM, LAMBERT SIGISBERT (1700-1759)
• ADAM, MELCHIOR (d. 1622)
• ADAM, PAUL (1862– )
• ADAM, ROBERT (1728—1792)
• ADAM, SIR FREDERICK (1781-1853)
• ADAM, WILLIAM (1751-1839)

Adam See also:

• WINTHROP
• WINTHROP, JOHN (1588-1649)
• WINTHROP, JOHN (1606-1676)
• WINTHROP, ROBERT CHARLES (1809-1894)

Winthrop of Groton See also:

• MANOR

Manor, and See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne (See also:

• BROWNE
• BROWNE, EDWARD HAROLD (18,1–1891)
• BROWNE, ISAAC HAWKINS (1705-1760)
• BROWNE, JAMES (1793–1841)
• BROWNE, MAXIMILIAN ULYSSES, COUNT VON, BARON DE CAMUS AND MOUNTANY (1705-1757)
• BROWNE, PETER (?1665-1735)
• BROWNE, ROBERT (1550-1633)
• BROWNE, SIR JAMES (1839–1896)
• BROWNE, SIR THOMAS (1605-1682)
• BROWNE, WILLIAM (1591–1643)
• BROWNE, WILLIAM GEORGE (1768-1813)

Browne) Winthrop . In See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1602 he matriculated at Trinity See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, but he did not See also:

• GRADUATE (Med. Lat. graduale, to admit to an academical degree, gradus)

graduate . The years after his brief course at the university were devoted to the practice of See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, in which he achieved considerable success, being appointed, about 1623, an See also:

• ATTORNEY (from O. Fr. atorne, a person appointed to act for another, from atourner, legal Lat. attornare, attorn, literally to turn over to another or commit business to another)

attorney in the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

Court of Wards and Liveries, and also being engaged in the drafting of See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary bills . Though his See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence was at Groton Manor, much of his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time was spent in See also:

• LONDON

London . Mean-while he passed through the deep spiritual experiences characteristic of See also:

• PURITANISM (Lat. puritas, purity)

Puritanism, and made wide acquaintance among the leaders of the Puritan party . On the 26th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1629 he joined in the " Cambridge Agreement," by which he, and his associates, pledged themselves to remove to New See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, provided the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government and patent of the Massachusetts See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony should be removed thither . On the 2oth of See also:

• OCTOBER

October following he was chosen governor of the " Governor and See also:

• COMPANY

Company of the Massachusetts See also:

• BAY

Bay in New England," and sailed in the " Arbella " in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 163o, reaching See also:

• SALEM

Salem (See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

Mass.) on the 12th of See also:

• JUNE

June (O,S.), accompanied by a large party of Puritan immigrants . After a brief sojourn in See also:

• CHARLESTOWN

Charlestown, Winthrop and many of his immediate associates settled in See also:

• BOSTON
• BOSTON, THOMAS (1676-1732)

Boston in the autumn of 1630 . He shared in the formation of a See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church at Charlestown (afterwards the First Church in Boston) on the 3oth of See also:

• JULY

July 163o, of which he was thenceforth a member . At Boston he erected a large See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, and there he lived till his See also:

• DEATH

death on the 26th of March (O.S.) 1649 . Winthrop's See also:

• HISTORY

history in New England was very largely that of the Massachusetts colony, of which he was twelve times chosen governor by See also:

• ANNUAL

annual See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election, serving in 1629-1634, 1637-1640, in 1642-1644, and in 1646-1649, and dying in See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office . To the service of the colony he gave not merely unwearied devotion; but in its interests consumed strength and See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune .

His own See also:

• TEMPER (from Lat. temperare, to mingle or compound in due proportion, to qualify, rule, regulate, to be moderate, formed from tempos, time, fit or due season)

temper of mind was conservative and somewhat aristocratic, but he guided See also:

• POLITICAL

political development, often under circumstances of See also:

• GREAT

great difficulty, with singular fairness and conspicuous magnanimity . In 1634-1635 he was a leader in putting the colony in a See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence against possible See also:

• COERCION (from Lat. coercere, to restrain)
• COERCION, CONTRACT

coercion by the See also:

• ENGLISH

English government . He opposed the See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of his See also:

• FELLOW

fellow-townsmen in the so-called " Antinomian controversy " of 1636-1637, taking a strongly conservative attitude towards the questions in dispute . He was the first See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the Commissioners of the See also:

• UNITED

United Colonies of New England, organized in 1643 . He defended Massachusetts against threatened parliamentary interference once more in 1645-1646 . That the colony success-fully weathered its See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early perils was due more to Winthrop's skill and See also:

• WISDOM, BOOK OF, or WISDOM OF SOLOMON (Sept. Io4ia IaXwµwvos; Lat. Vulg. Liber sapientiae)

wisdom than to the services of any other of its citizens . Winthrop was four times married . His first wife, to whom he was united on the 16th of See also:

• APRIL

April 16o5, was See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary Forth, daughter of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Forth, of Great Stambridge, See also:

• ESSEX
• ESSEX, ARTHUR CAPEL
• ESSEX, EARLS OF
• ESSEX, KINGDOM OF
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX, 2ND2 EARL OF (1566-1601)
• ESSEX, WALTER DEVEREUX, IST2 EARL OF (1541–1576)

Essex . She See also:

• BORE

bore him six See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, of whom the eldest was John Winthrop, Jr . (q.v.) . She was buried in Groton on the 26th of June 1615 . On the 6th of December 1615 he married Thomasine Clopton, daughter of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Clopton of Castleins, near Groton .

She died in childbirth about a See also:

• YEAR

year later . He married, on the 29th of April 1618, See also:

• MARGARET
• MARGARET (1283–1290)
• MARGARET (1353-1412)
• MARGARET (1489–1541)
• MARGARET, ST (c. 1045–1093)
• MARGARET, ST (SANCTA MARGARITA)

Margaret Tyndal, daughter of See also:

• SIR

Sir John Ty tadal,of Great Maplested, Essex . She followed him to New England in 1631, bore him eight children, and died on the 14th of June 1647 . See also:

• LATE

Late in 1647 or early in 1648 he married Mrs Martha Coytmore, widow of See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas Coytmore, who survived him, and by whom he had one son . Winthrop's See also:

• JOURNAL
• JOURNAL (through Fr. from late Lat. diurnalis, daily)

Journal, an invaluable See also:

• RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

record of early Massachusetts history, was printed in See also:

• PART

part in See also:

• HARTFORD

Hartford in 1790; the whole in Boston, edited by See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• SAVAGE
• SAVAGE, MINOT JUDSON (1841– )
• SAVAGE, RICHARD (d. 1743)

Savage, as The History of New England from 163o to 1649, in 1825-1826, and again in 1853; and in New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, edited by James K . See also:

• HOSMER, HARRIET GOODHUE (183o-19o8)

Hosmer, in 1908 . His See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography has been written by See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert C . Winthrop, See also:

• LIFE

Life and Letters of John Winthrop (2 vols., Boston, 1864, 1867; new ed . 1869) ; and by See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph I-f . Twichell, John Winthrop (New York, 1891) . See also Mrs Alice M . See also:

• EARLE, JOHN (c. 16o1-1665)
• EARLE, RALPH (1751-1801)

Earle, Margaret Winthrop (New York, 1895) .

(W .