YONKERS  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of Westchester See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county, New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, U.S.A., on the E. See also:

• BANK

bank of the See also:

• HUDSON
• HUDSON, GEORGE (180o-1871)
• HUDSON, HENRY
• HUDSON, JOHN (1662–1719)

Hudson See also:

• RIVER

river, immediately adjoining New York City on the N . Pop . (1900) 47,931, of whom 14,634 were See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign-See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born and 1005 were negroes; (1910, U.S. See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census) 79,803 . Yonkers is served by three divisions of the New York Central & Hudson River railway, and is connected with New York City and other places E. and N. by interurban electric lines . It has also during most of the See also:

• YEAR

year steamboat service on the Hudson . There are two See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal residential districts: one in the N., including Amackassin Heights and (about 1 m . W.) Glenwood, where are the old Colgate See also:

• MANSION (through O. Fr. mansion, mod. maison, from Lat. mansio, dwelling-place, stage on a journey; manere, to remain)

Mansion and " Greys See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone," the former See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home of See also:

• SAMUEL

Samuel J . See also:

• TILDEN, SAMUEL JONES (1814-1886)

Tilden; the other in the S., including See also:

• LUDLOW
• LUDLOW, EDMUND (c. 1617-1692)

Ludlow, See also:

• VAN

Van Cortlandt See also:

• TERRACE (Fr. terrace, terrasse, from It. terraccia, terrazzo, Lat. terra, earth)

Terrace and See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

Park See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill (adjoining Riverdale in the See also:

• BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
• BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)

borough of the See also:

• BRONX, THE

Bronx), a park-like reserve with winding streets and drives . The business and manufacturing districts occupy the See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low lands along the river . Among the public buildings are the City See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

Hall, the High School and a See also:

• MANUAL

Manual Training School, and Yonkers is the seat of St See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph's Theological See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

Seminary (See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic; 1896), the Halsted School (founded 1874) for girls, and a business See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college . It has a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good public library (established 1893; 25,000 vols. in 1910), and the Woman's See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

Institute (1880) and the See also:

• HOLLY (Ilex Aquifolium)

Holly-See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood See also:

• INN

Inn See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

Club (1897; for working-men) have small See also:

• LIBRARIES

libraries . Philipse See also:

• MANOR

Manor Hall, built originally about 1682 as the mansion of the son of See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick Philipse (1626-1702), the See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord of Philipsburgh, and enlarged to its See also:

• PRESENT

present dimensions in 1745, is of some historic See also:

• INTEREST

interest .

It was confiscated by See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of the legislature in 1779 because its owner, Frederick Philipse (1746-1785), was suspected of Toryism, and was sold in 1789 . In 1867 it passed into the See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of Yonkers, and from 1872 to 1908 was used as the city hall . In 1908 it was bought by the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, and is now maintained as a museum for colonial and revolutionary See also:

• RELICS (Lat, reliquiae, the equivalent of the English " remains " in the sense of a dead body)

relics . It is one of the best examples of colonial See also:

• ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture in See also:

• AMERICA

America . In the square before it stands a See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument to the soldiers and sailors of the See also:

• CIVIL

Civil See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War . Yonkers is an important manufacturing city, and in 1905 the value of its factory products was $33,548,688 . On the site of Yonkers stood an See also:

• INDIAN

Indian See also:

• VILLAGE

village known as Nappeckamack, or See also:

• TOWN

town of the rapid See also:

• WATER

water, at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement of the Dutch in New See also:

• AMSTERDAM
• AMSTERDAM (NEw AMSTERDAM)

Amsterdam; and a See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

rock, near the mouth of the Nepperhan See also:

• CREEK
• CREEK (Mid. Eng. crike or creke, common to many N. European languages)

Creek, was See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long a See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of Indian See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship . The territory was See also:

• PART

part of the " Keskeskick See also:

• PURCHASE

purchase," acquired from the See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians by the Dutch W . See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India See also:

• COMPANY

Company in 1639 . In 1646 the See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract was included in the See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant to See also:

• ADRIAN
• ADRIAN, SAINT

Adrian van der Donck, the first lawyer and historian of New Netherland, author of A Description of New . Netherland (1656), in Dutch . His grant, known as " Colen Donck " (Donck's See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

Colony), embraced all the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country from Spuyten Duyvil Creek, N. along the Hudson to the Amackassin Creek, and E. to the Bronx river .

Some squatters settled here before 1646 . Van der Donck encouraged others to remove to his lands along the Hudson river, and in 1649 he built a saw-See also:

• MILL
• MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)
• MILL, JAMES (1773-1836)
• MILL, JOHN (c. 1645–1707)
• MILL, JOHN STUART (1806-1873)

mill near the mouth of the Nepperhan Creek, which for many years was called " Saw-Mill river." The whole settlement soon came to be called " De Jonkheer's See also:

• LAND

Land " or " De Jonkheeas "—meaning the See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young lord, as Van der Donck was called by his tenants—and afterwards Yonkers . Subsequently the tract passed largely into the hands of Frederick I'hilipse and became part of the manor of Philipsburgh . See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

Early in the War of See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

Independence Yonkers was occupied for a time by part of Washing-ton's See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, and was the See also:

• SCENE (Fr. scene, Lat. scaena, Gr. oflvil, a tent or booth, a stage or scene)

scene of several skirmishes . The town of Yonkers was incorporated in 1788 and the village in 1855 . In 1872 Yonkers became a city; at the same time the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern part was separately incorporated as See also:

• KINGSBRIDGE

Kingsbridge, which in 1874 was annexed to New York . See See also:

• FREDERIC, HAROLD (1856-1898)

Frederic Shonnard and W . W . Spooner, See also:

• HISTORY

History of Westchester County (New York, 1900); J . T . See also:

• SCHARF, SIR GEORGE (182o—1895)

Scharf, History of Westchester County (New York, 1886) ; and See also:

• ALLISON, WILLIAM BOYD (1829-1908)

Allison, History of Yonkers (New York, 1896) .